{"id":971,"date":"2023-08-18T10:08:15","date_gmt":"2023-08-18T10:08:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/?p=971"},"modified":"2024-07-24T07:40:17","modified_gmt":"2024-07-24T07:40:17","slug":"sedsaleka-din-ji-komara-pisti-lozane","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/sedsaleka-din-ji-komara-pisti-lozane\/","title":{"rendered":"Sedsaleka din ji \u201ckomara pi\u015ft\u00ee Lozan\u00ea\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"
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HIS\u00caN CIMO<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Di 30 sal\u00ean destp\u00eak\u00ea da\u00a0 y\u00ean ragihandina Komara Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea di 29\u00ea mijdara 1923yan da, peymana Lozan\u00ea di x\u00eetaba siyas\u00ee ya kurdan da cihek\u00ee gir\u00eeng nedigirt \u00fb ne \u201c\u00e7avkan\u00eeya karaset\u00ea\u201d b\u00fb. L\u00ea bel\u00ea ev meyl pi\u015ftra derket hol\u00ea dema ku kurdan \u00ead\u00ee dest bi bir\u00eaxistinkirina kronoloj\u00eeya doza kurdan kir, lewra Lozan wek\u00ee bingeha \u015firovekirina guhartina dewlet\u00ea derket hol\u00ea, ku div\u00eeyab\u00fb ew \u201cwelat\u00ea hevbe\u015f\u201d\u00ea \u015fervan\u00ean \u015fer\u00ean daw\u00ee y\u00ean temen\u00ea Dewleta Osman\u00ee b\u00fb.<\/p>\n

Di yek ji nirxandin\u00ean destp\u00eak\u00ea y\u00ean kurdan \u00ean r\u00fbbir\u00fbna kurdan-tirkan sala 1925an, w\u00ea dem\u00ea general\u00ea kurd \u00ea ber\u00ea di art\u00ea\u015fa osman\u00ee da \u00cehsan N\u00fbr\u00ee Pa\u015fa, dema ku li Bexdad\u00ea general b\u00fb daxuyan\u00eeyeka dir\u00eaj pi\u015ft\u00ee \u00e7end hefte an j\u00ee mehan ji t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna \u015fore\u015f\u00ea sala 1925an, niv\u00eesand. Ev daxuyan\u00eeya ku bi ziman\u00ea tirk\u00ee y\u00ea osman\u00ee hatib\u00fb niv\u00eesandin, bala bir\u00eaveber\u00eeya Fransay\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee du salan ji niv\u00eesandin w\u00ea bi sernav\u00ea \u201cSer\u00eehildana kurdan\u201d ki\u015fand. Ev daxuyan\u00ee ji 17 r\u00fbpelan p\u00eak dihat \u00fb li \u00e7apxaneya Istiqlal\u00ea li Bexdad\u00ea hatib\u00fb \u00e7apkirin. \u00cehsan Pa\u015fa di v\u00ea daxuyan\u00eey\u00ea da pi\u015ft\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fgotineka kurt, behsa sedem \u00fb gir\u00eeng\u00eeya ser\u00eehildana \u015e\u00eax Se\u00eed\u00ea P\u00eeran \u00fb saz\u00fbman\u00eeya w\u00ea ya bir\u00eaxistin\u00ee dike; her wiha \u00e7awa ku ev ser\u00eehildan wek\u00ee encama r\u00eazekiryar\u00ean cudekar\u00eey\u00ea y\u00ean dij\u00ee kurdan ji dema p\u00eavajoya daw\u00ee ya dewleta osman\u00ee dihat d\u00eetin. Ti\u015ft\u00ean ku di v\u00ea daxuyan\u00eey\u00ea da hatine gotin nehatiye belavkirin \u00fb ti\u015fta ku rojnameya Ozgur Pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ea ya kurd\u00ee belav kiriye ev e \u201cSiyasetmedar\u00ean tirk \u00eero \u00ean ku naxwazin \u015fa\u015ft\u00eey\u00ean xwe sererast bikin tev\u00ee waney\u00ean ku ser\u00eehildan\u00ean ereb \u00fb alban dane wan, w\u00ea \u00e7ok li hember\u00ee ser\u00eehildan\u00ean kurdan \u00ean ku bi daw\u00ee nabin, dey\u00eenin..\u201d<\/p>\n

General \u00cehsan N\u00fbr\u00ee Pa\u015fa di w\u00ea daxuyan\u00eey\u00ea da, behsa peymana Lozan\u00ea nekir wek\u00ee ku li dervay\u00ee \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya w\u00ea dem\u00ea b\u00fb. Ev yek bi rast\u00ee dikare were f\u00eamkirin ku Lozan wek\u00ee \u201cdervay\u00ee \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea\u201d b\u00fb, heger em li r\u00eazederketina nakok\u00eeya kurd\u00ee-tirk\u00ee di sal\u00ean destp\u00eak\u00ea y\u00ean ji temen\u00ea komar\u00ea da, venegerin. Ji ber ku derbe li dest\u00fbra sala 1921\u00ea hate xistin a ku bir\u00eaveber\u00eey\u00ean xwecih\u00ee y\u00ean xwebir\u00eavebirin\u00ea wek\u00ee nim\u00fbneyeka desthilatdar\u00eey\u00ea nas kir \u00fb biryara desthilatdar\u00eeya navend\u00ee di dest\u00fbr\u00ea da sala 1924an, b\u00fb sedem ku aloz\u00ee di navbera her du al\u00eeyan da derkeve. Di encama v\u00ea yek\u00ea da j\u00ee, \u015fore\u015fa kurdan a gi\u015ft\u00ee di 24\u00ea sibata 1925an da hat ragihandin. Di dest\u00fbra 1924an da \u00fb ne di Lozan\u00ea da, kurdan r\u00fbpela daw\u00ee ya destkeft\u00eey\u00ean hevalbend\u00eeya xwe ya d\u00eerok\u00ee bi tirkan ra ji sala 1514an da ya ji serdema Sultan Sel\u00eem\u00ea Yekem, winda kir. Li ser v\u00ee esas\u00ee, mirov dikare bib\u00eaje ku Lozan peymana navdewlet\u00ee ji al\u00eey\u00ea koma t\u00fbran\u00eeyan ve hat diz\u00een \u00fb welat bi r\u00ea ve bir \u00fb n\u00ear\u00eena xwe ya tundraw li ser civak\u00ea \u00fb dewlet\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee gav bi gav feriz kir \u00fb 60 sal dir\u00eaj kir heta ku temam b\u00fb, ango heta derbeya sala 1980y\u00ee.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea pi\u015ftra dema ku kurdan ev hevpeyman kirin aloz\u00eeya her\u00ee p\u00ea\u015f wek\u00ee koka damezrandina doza kurdan, sedem\u00ea xwe hene; Hevpeyman ne ten\u00ea wek\u00ee x\u00eazkirina s\u00eenor\u00ea netewey\u00ee y\u00ea dewleta Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea ya h\u00eamana misliman \u00ean may\u00ee di dewlet\u00ea da di bin bir\u00eaveber\u00eeya Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea da, l\u00ea bel\u00ea wek\u00ee peymaneka parastina w\u00ea ji \u00e7i gef\u00ean hundir \u00fb derve ye. Di encam\u00ea da, Lozan veguher\u00ee \u201c\u00e7ar\u00e7oveya t\u00eakil\u00eeyan\u201d di nava rojava \u00fb Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea da, d\u00fbr\u00ee bend\u00ean ku piran\u00eeya wan nehatin p\u00eakan\u00een, di nav da j\u00ee bend\u00ea parastina k\u00eamneteweyan \u00fb bend\u00ea maf\u00ea axaftin \u00fb niv\u00eesandina bi ziman\u00ea day\u00eek\u00ea ji bo netewey\u00ean ne tirk. Li ser v\u00ee esas\u00ee, ne ten\u00ea kurdan di x\u00eetab\u00ean xwe da li hember\u00ee Lozan\u00ea \u00fb navenda w\u00ea di aloz\u00eeya xwe da bi p\u00ea\u015f xistin, l\u00ea bel\u00ea el\u00eet\u00ean tirk bi xwe j\u00ee hevpeyman wek\u00ee mertal\u00ea parastin \u00fb n\u00ee\u015faneya serkeftineka taybet pi\u015ft\u00ee \u00e7\u00fby\u00eena Mustefa Kemal, bi kar an\u00ee.<\/p>\n

Wek\u00ee encam , peymana Lozan\u00ea encama m\u00eerasa pev\u00e7\u00fbna\u00a0 d\u00eerok\u00ee ya di navbera rojava \u00fb rojhilat da b\u00fb. Di v\u00ea pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea da, gelek hevpeyman j\u00ee heb\u00fbn, wek\u00ee di \u015fer\u00ea Kirin\u00ea y\u00ea sala 1853-1856an da \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb, dema ku Ewropay\u00ea bi hem\u00fb h\u00eaza xwe ya le\u015fker\u00ee ji bo parastina Dewleta Osman\u00ee ji \u00ear\u00ee\u015fa r\u00fbsyay\u00ee ya dijwar, be\u015fdar b\u00fb. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, dema ku Enwer Pa\u015fa \u00fb heval\u00ean xwe biryar dan ku di \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Yekem da li k\u00ealeka Almanyay\u00ea bin, mirov dikare v\u00ea k\u00eal\u00eey\u00ea wek\u00ee \u015fa\u015ft\u00eeyeka stratej\u00eek\u00ee ya her\u00ee mezin di dir\u00eajah\u00eeya 500 sal\u00ee ji temen\u00ea \u00eemperator\u00eey\u00ea ra bi nav bike. Her wiha w\u00ea ne \u015fa\u015f be, biryara \u015fer xemg\u00een\u00eeyek di nava Bir\u00eetanya \u00fb Hevalbendan da ava kir, ku wan \u00e7end salan hi\u015ftin ku Dewleta Osman\u00ee li p\u00ea\u015f\u00eeya \u00cemperator\u00eeya R\u00fbsyay\u00ea li ber xwe bide \u00fb xeyal nedkirin ku ev dewlet d\u00ea bikevin bin serwer\u00eeya R\u00fbsyay\u00ea da. B\u00eay\u00ee ku ev r\u00eageza ewropay\u00ee ji Anadolyay\u00ea ra \u00fb rola w\u00ea wek\u00ee mertalek\u00ee dij\u00ee R\u00fbsyay\u00ea were f\u00eamkirin, ne p\u00eakan e ku em qaseya rast\u00ee ya qereb\u00fby\u00ea ku Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee \u015fer\u00ea serxweb\u00fbn\u00ea bi dest xist, ku tu gef\u00ean cid\u00ee li dij dag\u00eerker\u00eeya rojava ji Istenbol\u00ea ra \u00e7\u00eanekir, ji bil\u00ee dag\u00eerker\u00eeya Y\u00fbnanistan\u00ea ji her\u00eama Egey\u00ea ra.<\/p>\n

Lewra, Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee lezg\u00een rola xwe ya \u201cprostestant\u00ee-bir\u00eetanyay\u00ee\u201d ya li dij Ortodoks\u00eeya r\u00fbsyay\u00ee vegerand, ku v\u00ea car\u00ea di formula komun\u00eezm\u00ea da di n\u00eeva duyem ji sedsala 20\u00ee da, vegerand. Her wiha, Kurdistana bakur\u00ee j\u00ee veguh\u00ear\u00ee baregeha NATOy\u00ea bi r\u00eaya du bargeh\u00ean le\u015fker\u00ee li Erzirom \u00fb Amed\u00ea ji dema ku Tirk\u00eeya sala 1952yan da tev li NATOy\u00ea b\u00fb.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Serok\u00ea Amer\u00eekay\u00ea Eisenhower di 1959an da li Enqeray\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee heybet hate p\u00ea\u015fwaz\u00eekirin\/ Rojnameya Sphere, 12.12.1959<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Li k\u00ealeka w\u00ea j\u00ee, peymana Lozan\u00ea b\u00fb wek\u00ee rizgarkirina dewlet\u00ean rojavay\u00ee bi xwe ji \u015fer\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ee y\u00ean din, eger ku encam\u00ean peymana Sevr\u00ea ya sala 1920\u00ee wek\u00ee \u00e7areser\u00eeya pirsgir\u00eaka Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea da esas bihata girtin, ango dabe\u015fkirina w\u00ea li ser dewlet \u00fb be\u015f\u00ean din j\u00ee di bin dag\u00eerke\u00eerya Ewropay\u00ea da ya yekser. Mijara balk\u00ea\u015f di veguherandina navdewlet\u00ee ji Sevr\u00ea bo Lozan\u00ea, ne serkeftina Mustefa Kemal di \u015fer\u00ea rizgarkirin\u00ea da b\u00fb, dikar\u00eeb\u00fb ku di p\u00eavajoyek\u00ea da rawest\u00eene, eger ku Y\u00fbnan\u00eestan\u00ea n\u00ear\u00eena Bir\u00eetanyay\u00ea binp\u00ea nekiriba. Her wiha, Bir\u00eetanya \u00fb Fransay\u00ea j\u00ee nikar\u00eeb\u00fbn ku r\u00ea li p\u00ea\u015f\u00eeya R\u00fbsyay\u00ea ya kontrolkirina encam\u00ean peymana Sevr\u00ea bigirin, ji bil\u00ee pirsgir\u00eaka w\u00ea k\u00ee xwed\u00eey\u00ea Istenbol \u00fb tengavan be. Lewra, Lozan b\u00fb wek\u00ee r\u00eayeka p\u00eaw\u00eest a Ewropay\u00ea bo ku ji \u015ferek\u00ee c\u00eehan\u00ee y\u00ea gengaz di navbera al\u00eey\u00ean ku di \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Yekem da bi ser ketib\u00fb, xwe bide al\u00ee.<\/p>\n

Li vir, d\u00eeroknas\u00ea bir\u00eetanyay\u00ee Arnold Toynbee helwesta Ewropay\u00ea ji v\u00ea hevpeyman\u00ea wiha bi nav kir \u201cH\u00eaz\u00ean hevalbendan \u00ean sereke, pi\u015ft\u00ee ku dest ji berjewend\u00eey\u00ean Y\u00fbnanistan \u00fb Ermenistan\u00ea berdan, heta daw\u00eey\u00ea aqilmend\u00eeyek bi kar an\u00een ku dest ji berjewend\u00eey\u00ean xwe j\u00ee berdin. Ev r\u00ea armanca rast b\u00fb, ji ber ku d\u00eeyar b\u00fb tu ji van berjewend\u00eeyan p\u00eak nedihat, ji ber ku w\u00ea her kes z\u00eadetir zirar d\u00eetiba eger ku \u015fer ji n\u00fb ve dest p\u00ea kiriba.\u201d<\/p>\n

Lewra, hevalbendan li ser hevpeyman\u00ea \u00eemze kir b\u00eay\u00ee ku li ser ti\u015ft\u00ean winda kirine, xemg\u00een bibin. Berovaj\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea, ji Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea xelateka mezin p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f kir ku hi\u015ft li dij dag\u00eerker\u00eeya Y\u00fbanistan\u00ea bi ser bikeve \u00fb nehi\u015ftin ku \u00e7i dewleteka ewropay\u00ee li p\u00ea\u015f\u00eeya h\u00eaz\u00ean Mustefa Kemal bigire. peymana Lozan\u00ea s\u00eenor\u00ea Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea y\u00ea ku rojavay\u00eeyan biryara w\u00ea dab\u00fb x\u00eaz kir, ku tu ked nedan ji bo p\u00eakan\u00eena peymana Sevr\u00ea ya ku di 20\u00ea tebaxa 1920\u00ee da, hatib\u00fb \u00eemzekirin.<\/p>\n

Tev\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee, komara n\u00fbjen div\u00eeyab\u00fb ku \u00e7\u00eeroka xwe ya taybet ji bo Lozan\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f bike. Mustefa Kemal di x\u00eetaba xwe ya navdar bi nav\u00ea \u201cbilvkirin\u00ea\u201d (x\u00eetaba gewre) ku sala 1927an li Enqeray\u00ea li p\u00ea\u015f\u00eeya parlamenter \u00fb n\u00fbner\u00ean part\u00eeya CHPy\u00ea got, peymana Lozan\u00ea ya bo a\u015fit\u00eey\u00ea wiha binav kir:<\/p>\n

Peymana Lozan\u00ea ew belgeya ku\u00a0 bi r\u00eabazek\u00ee gir\u00eeng t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna komployeka berfireh ku li dij neteweya tirk ev \u00e7end sedsal in t\u00ea amadekirin d\u00eeyar kir, ku ev komplo wiha texm\u00een dikirin ku bi r\u00eaya peymana Sevr\u00ea p\u00eak an\u00een. Ti\u015ft\u00ea me p\u00eak an\u00ee, serkeftineka siyas\u00ee b\u00fb ku wek\u00ee w\u00ea di dir\u00eajah\u00eeya temen\u00ea \u00cemperator\u00eeya Osman\u00ee da nehat d\u00eetin.<\/p>\n

Di sal\u00ean 60\u00ee da, pi\u015ft\u00ee ku Part\u00eeya Demokrat\u00eek di derbeya 1960\u00ee da hate hilwe\u015fandin, li Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea p\u00eala \u00e7egir bi p\u00ea\u015f diket. Her wiha, p\u00eadiv\u00eeya Ismet \u00cenano heb\u00fb ku mesafeya di navbera CHP \u00fb \u00e7epgir\u00ea al\u00eegir\u00ean Sovyet\u00ea ji her dem\u00ea z\u00eadetir da n\u00eaz\u00ee hev bike. Ji ber ku \u00cenano f\u00eam kir ku bingeha hilbijartin\u00ean \u00eeslam\u00ee ya Part\u00eeya Demokrat\u00eek a r\u00fbxand\u00ee ji w\u00ee ra na\u00e7e, lewra careka din di x\u00eetab\u00ean xwe y\u00ea siyas\u00ee da heta daw\u00eeya sal\u00ean 60\u00ee Lozan bi kar an\u00ee wek\u00ee a\u015fit\u00eeya dijber\u00ee emperyal\u00eesm\u00ea. \u00cenano ji v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee hewl dida ku dijminat\u00eeya \u00e7epgiran li dij part\u00eeya xwe sivik bike. Di heman dem\u00ea da, akademesyen\u00ea tirk Serhat Guvenc ji zan\u00eengeha Kadir Has\u00ea ra got ku efsaney\u00ean ku \u00e7epgiran derbar\u00ea Lozan\u00ea da digotin, derbas\u00ee nava \u00eeslam\u00eestan b\u00fb.<\/p>\n

Heta n\u00eev\u00ea sal\u00ean 60\u00ee, bingeha hilbijartin\u00ean kurdan h\u00eena gir\u00eaday\u00ee koka xwe ya \u00eeslam\u00ee b\u00fb \u00fb n\u00eaz\u00ee dijber\u00ea CHPy\u00ea b\u00fb \u00fb ji bo wan pa\u015fguhkirina ferm\u00ee ya derbar\u00ea Lozan\u00ea tu wate nedida, l\u00ea bel\u00ea kurd \u00fb ji daw\u00eeya dil\u015fikestina \u015fore\u015fa 1925an bijardey\u00ean xwe y\u00ean siyas\u00ee \u00fb hilbijartin\u00ea ji bo al\u00eey\u00ean ku tu gir\u00eeng\u00ee nedida Lozan\u00ea ava kir, heta derketina ferm\u00ee ya part\u00eey\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean kurdan di destp\u00eaka sal\u00ean 90\u00ee da.<\/p>\n

Hevpeyman wek\u00ee \u201cbelgeya jiday\u00eeb\u00fbn\u201d\u00ea ye bo komar\u00ea. Tev\u00ee ku kom\u00ean d\u00eeyarker hene ku destekday\u00eena piran\u00eeya gel\u00ea tirk ji peymana Lozan\u00ea ya a\u015fit\u00eey\u00ea ra wek\u00ee destekday\u00eena \u201c\u015firovekirina ferm\u00ee ya b\u00fbyereka d\u00eerok\u00ee\u201d n\u00ee\u015fan didin \u00fb gir\u00eeng\u00eey\u00ea nadin hevpeyman\u00ea ji ber ku hevpeyman\u00ea Tirk\u00eeya di Anadolyay\u00ea da s\u00eenordar kiriye, wek\u00ee ku hin niv\u00eeskar\u00ean islam\u00ee dikin, l\u00ea heta niha Tirk\u00eeya bi saya v\u00ea hevpeyman\u00ea ji al\u00eey\u00ea navdewlet\u00ee da t\u00ea parastin.<\/p>\n

Ji bo civak\u00ean ku h\u00eav\u00eey\u00ean xwe li ser r\u00eagez\u00ean Wilson \u00fb \u201cd\u00eeyarkirina \u00e7aren\u00fbs\u00ea\u201d gir\u00eadan, ev yek bi temam\u00ee berovaj\u00ee b\u00fb; l\u00eakol\u00eener\u00ea ermen Ara Turanian derbar\u00ea hevpeyman\u00ea dib\u00eaje \u201cew s\u00fbc\u00ea sedsal\u00ea y\u00ea duyem e, ku pi\u015ft\u00ee suc\u00ea yekem \u00ea sedsal\u00ea (qirkirin) hat.\u201d<\/p>\n

Formula tunekirina cih\u00eareng\u00ee \u00fb pirreng\u00eey\u00ea wek\u00ee ku \u00e7awa di pevguhartina nif\u00fbs\u00ea di navbera Tirk\u00eeya \u00fb Y\u00fbnanistan\u00ea da, di dema peymana Lozan\u00ea da p\u00eak hatiye, hi\u015ft ku bibe xaleka l\u00eaveger\u00ea ya hevpeyman\u00ean a\u015fit\u00eey\u00ea heta pi\u015ft\u00ee \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Duyem. Bo nim\u00fbne j\u00ee, biryara par\u00e7ekirina Hindistan\u00ea \u00fb avakirina dewleta Pakistan\u00ea ku heta asteka mezin encama tesf\u00eeyekirina ji her du al\u00eeyan a pirreng\u00eeya civak\u00ee \u00fb ol\u00ee b\u00fb.<\/p>\n

Ji sal\u00ean 90\u00ee da \u00fb teqandina aloz\u00eeya Yugoslavyay\u00ea, ev tasf\u00eeyekirin ji r\u00eabaz\u00ea \u00e7\u00eakirina a\u015fit\u00eey\u00ea, wek\u00ee \u201cqirkirina etn\u00eek\u00ee\u201d hat \u015firovekirin. Ev n\u00eaz\u00eekat\u00eey\u00ean navdewlet\u00ee bandor li bandor\u00ean Lozan\u00ea li Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea j\u00ee kir, lewra tevgera kurdan liberxwedana xwe li dij \u015fer\u00ea Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea bilind kir \u00fb Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea hemley\u00ean xwe y\u00ean gi\u015ft\u00ee li dij civaka kurdan di sal\u00ean 90\u00ee da z\u00eadetir kir \u00fb di encam\u00ea da, atmosg\u00ear\u00ea aloz\u00eey\u00ea veger\u00eeya wek\u00ee ku sala 1925an bi hem\u00fb away\u00ea xwe ji n\u00fb ve veger\u00eeya. Guhartina n\u00eazikb\u00fbn\u00ean navdewlet\u00ee bandor li ragihandin \u00fb saz\u00eey\u00ean hiq\u00fbq\u00ee y\u00ean derbar\u00ea yekal\u00eeya netewperest\u00ee ya tundraw bi awayek\u00ee yekser li ser Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea nekir.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Malbat\u00ean kurd di w\u00eaneyek\u00ea da ku rojnameyeka bir\u00eetan\u00ee di daw\u00eeya sala 1993 da belav kir\u00eeye | ar\u015f\u00eev\u00ean rojnamey\u00ean bir\u00eetan\u00ee<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tev\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee, b\u00fbyer\u00ean bi xw\u00een \u00ean di sal\u00ean 90\u00ee da ji sesala bor\u00ee da p\u00eaw\u00eest\u00eeya w\u00ea bi nirxandin \u00fb xwendin\u00ea heye, ji ber ku v\u00ea yek\u00ea metirs\u00ee li gel komar\u00ea \u00e7\u00eakir derbar\u00ea p\u00eanasey\u00ean n\u00fb y\u00ean maf\u00ean kom\u00ee y\u00ean gel\u00ean ku dibe ji bo formula netewey\u00ee ya tundraw a peymana Lozan\u00ea di hundir\u00ea s\u00eenor\u00ea siyas\u00ee y\u00ea Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea da bibe gef. Nexasim ku guhartin\u00ean metirs\u00eedar li ser s\u00eenor\u00ea w\u00ea y\u00ea ba\u015f\u00fbr \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbn, dema ku heb\u00fbneka siyas\u00ee ya netewey\u00ee ya rewa bi nav\u00ea \u201cHer\u00eama Kurdistana Iraq\u00ea\u201d derket \u00fb ev yekem\u00een binp\u00eakirineka mezin a formula Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea ya ji peymana Lozan\u00ea \u00fb hevpeyman\u00ean ku pi\u015ftra bi Bir\u00eetanya \u00fb Fransay\u00ea li S\u00fbr\u00eeya \u00fb Iraq\u00ea ra hatin \u00e7\u00eakirin. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, heta niha nirxandin\u00ean kurdan d\u00fbr\u00ee rola Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea ya ku hi\u015ft Bir\u00eetanya ji bir\u00eavebirina xweser a kurdan li M\u00fbsil\u00ea gava xwe bi pa\u015f da bav\u00eaje di dir\u00eajah\u00eeya d\u00eeroka Iraq\u00ea ya n\u00fbjen da.<\/p>\n

Her wiha li S\u00fbr\u00eeyay\u00ea j\u00ee, Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea operasyon\u00ean dag\u00eerker\u00eey\u00ea y\u00ean berfireh li dar xist \u00fb armanc j\u00ea tecrubeya R\u00eaveber\u00eeya Xweser li Rojava \u00fb bakur \u00fb rojhilat\u00ea S\u00fbr\u00eeyay\u00ea t\u00eak bibe. Ji ber ku Enqera di bin s\u00eewana bir\u00eaveber\u00eeya Erdogan da, bibawer\u00ee b\u00fbye \u00e7avkan\u00eeya \u015fer \u00fb w\u00earan\u00eey\u00ea \u00fb dihizire ku may\u00eena di s\u00eenor\u00ea Lozan\u00ea da gefan li komar\u00ea dixwe ku w\u00ea ji hev bikeve, lewra ber\u00ea xwe da \u00eedyoloj\u00eeya \u201dM\u00eesaqa Mil\u00ee\u201dy\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Di heman dem\u00ea da, \u201cM\u00eesaqa Mil\u00ee\u201dy\u00ea \u00eedyooj\u00eeyek e, ne belgeyeka ni\u015ftiman\u00ee ye, ji ber derfet heb\u00fb ku M\u00eesaqa Mil\u00eey\u00ea di 28\u00ea kan\u00fbna p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a 1920\u00ee da derketa b\u00eay\u00ee ku kurd be\u015fdar\u00ee parastina Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb Anadolyay\u00ea ji gef\u00ean R\u00fbsya \u00fb ji rojhilat \u00fb Y\u00fbnan\u00eestan\u00ea ji rojava bibin. Lewra, m\u00eesaqeka ku hat niv\u00eesandin \u00fb di parlamnetoya osman\u00ee (enc\u00fbmena her du \u015fandeyan) da dengdan li ser hat kirin, da ku tevgereka liberxwedan\u00ea ya gi\u015ft\u00ee ji al\u00eey\u00ea gel\u00ean misliman li dij art\u00ea\u015f\u00ean ne misliman were destp\u00eakirin. Pi\u015ft\u00ee \u00eemzekirina peymana Mondros\u00ea ya rawestandina \u015fer di 30y\u00ea cotmeha 1918an da bi art\u00ea\u015fa osman\u00ee ra, tu par\u00e7eb\u00fbneka axa Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea di h\u00fbndir\u00ea s\u00eenor\u00ea dewleta Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea da tune b\u00fb. Ev M\u00eesaqa Mil\u00eey\u00ea ye \u00fb tu p\u00eanasey\u00ean pi\u015ftra, dikeve \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya \u00eedyoloj\u00eey\u00ean cuda da ji bo avakirina li ser ti\u015ftek\u00ee ku hatiye derbaskirin \u00fb biryara \u00eebtalkirina w\u00ea ji al\u00eey\u00ea \u015fandeya tirk\u00eeyay\u00ee di Lozan\u00ea da hatiye day\u00een. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee, \u00ear\u00ee\u015fa Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea ya niha li dij Bakur\u00ea S\u00fbr\u00eeyay\u00ea \u00fb her\u00eam\u00ean \u00e7iyay\u00ee li Her\u00eama Kurdistan\u00ea (Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea) \u00fb \u015fer\u00ea li dij tevgera siyas\u00ee ya parlamentoya kurdan li Bakur\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea dikeve \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya \u00eedyoloj\u00eeya M\u00eesaqa Mil\u00eey\u00ea ku tu bingeh\u00ean w\u00ea tuneye. P\u00eavajoya a\u015fit\u00eey\u00ea ku bir\u00eaveber\u00ea PKKy\u00ea sala 2013an ragihand \u00fb di encam\u00ea da heta sala 2015an aram\u00eeyeka d\u00eerok\u00ee li Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb, xwe disp\u00eare vegerandina g\u00eeyan\u00ea M\u00eesaqa Mil\u00eey\u00ea wek\u00ee destp\u00eakeka hevbe\u015f a gel\u00ean tirk \u00fb kurd \u00fb \u201csererastkirina\u201d bikaran\u00eena \u015fa\u015f a neteweya tundraw ji v\u00ea soza welat.<\/p>\n

P\u00ea\u015finyaza kurd\u00ee \u2013ya ocalan\u00ee- banga vejandina M\u00eesaqa Mil\u00eey\u00ea li gor\u00ee formuleka n\u00fb a hevbe\u015f (tirk\u00eeyay\u00ee-kurdistan\u00ee) li ser sas\u00ea hevkar\u00eey\u00ea ne gir\u00eaday\u00eeb\u00fbn \u00fb serwer\u00eey\u00ea, ku hem\u00fb par\u00e7ey\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea bi Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea ra bigire nava xwe. Tevgera kurdan li Bakur\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea \u00eensyat\u00eefeka hi\u015fk ya ku nay\u00ea par\u00e7ekirin ji xwe ra esas girt \u00fb tecr\u00fbbeya \u201cRojava\u201d yekem\u00een ezm\u00fbna v\u00ea \u00eensyat\u00eef\u00ea b\u00fb.<\/p>\n

Siyasetmedar \u00fb parlamenter\u00ea HDPy\u00ea Sir\u00ee Soraya Onder derbar\u00ea van \u00eensyat\u00eefan \u00fb x\u00eetaba a\u015fit\u00eey\u00ea \u00fb armanca kurdan ji van hem\u00fbyan,\u00a0 dib\u00eaje \u201ckurd dixwazin di siberoj\u00ea da li ser v\u00ea axa ku bi dehhezaran sal li ser dij\u00een bibin xwed\u00ee par \u00fb n\u00ear\u00een.\u201d<\/p>\n

Berovaj\u00ee \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ean Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea y\u00ean pi\u015ftra di dag\u00eerkirina her\u00eam\u00ean S\u00fbr\u00eeyay\u00ea \u00fb kurdan \u00fb ko\u00e7bekirina gel\u00ea kurd, derketina Rojavay\u00ea li ser dikeya siyas\u00ee li Rojhilata Nav\u00een, ji sala 2013an ve b\u00fb sedemeka er\u00ean\u00ee ya a\u015fit\u00eey\u00ea di navbera Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea \u00fb kurdan da.<\/p>\n

Ji dema t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna DAI\u015ea teror\u00eest di \u015fer\u00ea Koban\u00eey\u00ea da \u00fb pi\u015ftra hilbijartin\u00ean parlamentoya Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea di hez\u00eerana 2015an da, p\u00eavajoya a\u015fit\u00eey\u00ea hilwe\u015f\u00eeya. Erdogan j\u00ee kop\u00eeya toran\u00eey\u00ea ji M\u00eesaqa Mil\u00eey\u00ea ango bi mentiq\u00ea dag\u00eerker\u00eey\u00ea ji xwe ra esas girt \u00fb bi r\u00eabaz\u00ea bir\u00eaxistin\u00ean osman\u00ee y\u00ean sala 1839an a bidaw\u00eekirina \u00e7i \u00eeradeyeka xurt a kurdan. L\u00ea formula kurdan ji M\u00eesaqa Mil\u00eey\u00ea kop\u00eeyek\u00ee bip\u00ea\u015fket\u00ee ya siyas\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee ji hevalbend\u00eeya kurdan-tirkan di \u015fer\u00ea \u00c7ald\u00eeran\u00ea y\u00ea sala 1514an da. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, M\u00eesaqa Mil\u00eey\u00ea ten\u00ea kop\u00eeyek e, l\u00ea bi du xwendin\u00ean cuda; kop\u00eeya kurdan dib\u00eaje bingeha welatek\u00ee hevbe\u015f a dureng, l\u00ea kop\u00eeya toran\u00ee j\u00ee neteweperest\u00eeya yekal\u00ee bi r\u00eabaz\u00ea her\u00ee tundraw ji xwe ra esas girt.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Di demek\u00ea da ku dan\u00fbstandin\u00ean a\u015fit\u00eey\u00ea n\u00eaz\u00ee r\u00eakeftineka d\u00eerok\u00ee destp\u00eaka sala 2015an di navbera PKK \u00fb dewleta Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea da dib\u00fb, ji ber nakok\u00eey\u00ean hundir\u00een \u00ean Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea, dest ji v\u00ea \u00eensyat\u00eefa li ser esas\u00ea hevalbend\u00eeya kurd \u00fb tirkan li Rojhilata Nav\u00een di wextek\u00ea da ku Bihara Ereban di l\u00fbtkeya xwe da b\u00fb, hate berdan. Bo m\u00eenak, serokwez\u00eer\u00ea ber\u00ea Ehmed Dawud Oglu li dij v\u00ea hevalbend\u00eey\u00ea derket \u00fb li her\u00eam\u00ean kurdan hevalbend\u00eeya tirk\u00ee-ixwan\u00ee hilbijart, pi\u015ftra ev meyl gurtir b\u00fb dema ku Erdogan x\u00eetaba MHPy\u00ea ya dij\u00ee doza kurdan li hundir \u00fb dervay\u00ea Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea, esas ji xwe ra girt.<\/p>\n

Erdogan ji dema hewldana derbeya t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fby\u00ee di t\u00eermeha 2016an da, careka din derbar\u00ea peymana Lozan\u00ea aloz\u00ee derxist.\u00a0 Di pay\u00eeza heman sal\u00ea da, serokkomar\u00ea Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea ji ni\u015fka ve \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ee hevpeyman\u00ea kir \u00fb n\u00ear\u00eena ku w\u00ea wek\u00ee serkeftina Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea dib\u00eene, \u015fermezar kir.<\/p>\n

Ji w\u00ea daxuyan\u00eey\u00ea da, \u00ead\u00ee gera li r\u00eayek\u00ea ji bo derbaskirina Lozan\u00ea ji bo Erodgan b\u00fb wek\u00ee meraq\u00ea. Erdogan di gera xwe ya li Y\u00fbnanistan\u00ea di 17\u00ea mijdara 2017an da, careka din dosyaya Lozan\u00ea vekir \u00fb id\u00eea kir ku hin bend hene di hevpeyman\u00ea da ne zelal in \u00fb ev yek daxwaz dike ku \u201chevpeyman were n\u00fbjenkirin.\u201d Ev al\u00eey\u00ea ku Erdogan dixwaze Lozan\u00ea derbas bike, di dewlemend\u00eeya gaza rojhliat\u00ea Deryaya Nav\u00een da ye. Derdora girava ku hevpeyman\u00ea ji bo Y\u00fbnanistan\u00ea ra di Deryaya Egey\u00ea da biryara w\u00ea da, her\u00eameka ku t\u00ea da gaz heye \u00fb bend\u00ean hevpeyman\u00ea tevgera Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea ya l\u00eakol\u00eenkirina bi awayek\u00ee qan\u00fbn\u00ee li rojhilat\u00ea Deryaya Nav\u00een, asteng dike. Ber\u00eeya destp\u00eakirina hevalbend\u00eeya di navbera AKP \u00fb MHPy\u00ea da di hilbijartin\u00ean parlamanetoy\u00ea y\u00ean p\u00ea\u015fwext di sala 2015an da, an j\u00ee wek\u00ee ku li Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea t\u00ea binavkirin hevalhend\u00eeya di navbera rastgira nerm \u00fb rastgira tund , AKP ji al\u00eey\u00ea MHPy\u00ea ve dihat tawanbarkirin ku ew \u00ea jin\u00fbve peymana Sevr\u00ea veger\u00eene \u00fb zem\u00eena par\u00e7ekirina Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea, dat\u00eene.<\/p>\n

Ji dema damezrandina w\u00ea ve di sala 1969an da, MHPy\u00ea di x\u00eetaba xwe ya \u00eedyoloj\u00ee da behsa komploy\u00ean Sovyet \u00fb NATOy\u00ea y\u00ean derbar\u00ea vegerandina Sevr\u00ea \u00fb \u00eebtalkirina Lozan\u00ea dike. Bi v\u00ea watey\u00ea, MHPy\u00ea li du al\u00eey\u00ean ne dispil\u00eenkir\u00ee ket nava tevger\u00ea. Ji al\u00eeyek\u00ee da, n\u00ear\u00eena xwe ya \u015ferkirina hem\u00fb reng\u00ean siyas\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee ya ku atmosf\u00eara Sevr\u00ea bib\u00eer dixe feriz kir \u00fb di encam\u00ea da parastina destkeft\u00eey\u00ean Lozan\u00ea kir. Ji al\u00eeyek\u00ee din ve j\u00ee, \u015firovekirina neteweperest\u00eey\u00ea ya berovaj\u00eekir\u00ee ya \u201cM\u00eesaqa Mil\u00ee\u201dy\u00ea ku di sala 1920\u00ee da di parlamentoya osman\u00ee da biryara w\u00ea hat girtin ji xwe ra esas girt, ku s\u00eenor\u00ea dewlet\u00ea di nav da tevah\u00eeya Bakur\u00ea S\u00fbr\u00eeyay\u00ea, M\u00fbsil, Kerk\u00fbk, Her\u00eama Kurdistan\u00ea (Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea) \u00fb tevah\u00eeya girava Qubris\u00ea x\u00eaz kir, ango ku peymana Lozan\u00ea ji bo MHPy\u00ea ne serkeftinek e, wek\u00ee ku Mustefa Kemal di x\u00eetaba xwe y\u00ea \u201cbil\u00eavkirin\u00ea\u201d de wek\u00ee serkeftina Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea bi nav kir. Akademesyen\u00ea tirk Mustefa Aydin dib\u00eaje ku Lozan heta sedsalek\u00ea xweragir b\u00fb, ji ber ku \u201cLozan\u00ea hi\u015ft her kes ne k\u00eafxwe\u015f be\u201d, ew bi awayek\u00ee sereke behsa Y\u00fbnan\u00eestan, Tirk\u00eeya \u00fb Bulgaristan\u00ea dike. Ev gotin heta asteka mezin ku div\u00ea li ser were rawestandin. Li h\u00eala din, li gor kurdan bandor\u00ean w\u00ea li ne neraz\u00eeb\u00fbna tirk \u00fb y\u00fbnanan b\u00fb, l \u00eabel\u00ea ji ber ku ji bin\u00ee ve ew li ber \u00e7avan negirtinb\u00fbn. Her wiha wek\u00ee ku rojek\u00ea j\u00ee ermen li ser v\u00ea xak\u00ea nej\u00eeyane, xaka ku peyman\u00ea bo neteweya tirk x\u00eaz kiriye.<\/p>\n

Di sedsal\u00eeya Lozan\u00ea da, alava propoganday\u00ea ya hik\u00fbmeta Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea \u00fb al\u00eey\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean part\u00eey\u00ean \u00eeslam\u00ee, propoganday\u00ea dikin ku ev hevpeyman dema w\u00ea xelas b\u00fbye \u00fb ev yek xapandineka e\u015fkere ye, l\u00ea bi s\u00fbd e j\u00ee! Ev hizir z\u00eade t\u00ea belavkirin, di demek\u00ea da ku maf\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ee t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbye, ji dema ku R\u00fbsyay\u00ea Kirim sala 2014an tev li xwe kir \u00fb ev t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn z\u00eadetir\u00a0 b\u00fbye \u00fb qan\u00fbna navdewlet\u00ee ku di esas\u00ea xwe da ji bil\u00ee \u201cdewleta netewey\u00ee\u201d napar\u00eaze, b\u00eabandor b\u00fbye \u00fb ji nava wan komara ku belgeya jiday\u00eekb\u00fbna xwe ji peymana Lozan\u00ea, wergirtiye. Di nava van aloz\u00eey\u00ean navdewlet\u00ee y\u00ean hey\u00ee da ji \u015fer\u00ea Ukraynay\u00ea heta aloz\u00eeya abor\u00ee ya c\u00eehan\u00ee \u00fb derketina h\u00eaz\u00ean navdewlet\u00ee y\u00ean n\u00fb \u00fb rikber\u00eeya Amer\u00eeka \u00fb \u00c7\u00een\u00ea li\u00a0 Okyan\u00fbsa Pas\u00eef\u00eek\u00ea, kurd derbas\u00ee sedsaleka din a Lozan\u00ea \u00fb sedsaleka din a t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena \u00e7ekdar\u00ee, siyas\u00ee \u00fb hiq\u00fbq\u00ee dibin.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

HIS\u00caN CIMO Di 30 sal\u00ean destp\u00eak\u00ea da\u00a0 y\u00ean ragihandina Komara Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea di 29\u00ea mijdara 1923yan da, peymana Lozan\u00ea di x\u00eetaba siyas\u00ee ya kurdan da cihek\u00ee gir\u00eeng nedigirt \u00fb ne \u201c\u00e7avkan\u00eeya karaset\u00ea\u201d b\u00fb. L\u00ea bel\u00ea ev meyl pi\u015ftra derket hol\u00ea dema ku kurdan \u00ead\u00ee dest bi bir\u00eaxistinkirina kronoloj\u00eeya doza kurdan kir, lewra Lozan wek\u00ee bingeha \u015firovekirina […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":972,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[174,22],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[191],"class_list":["post-971","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lozan","category-manshet"],"yoast_head":"\nSedsaleka din ji \u201ckomara pi\u015ft\u00ee Lozan\u00ea\u201d - Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/sedsaleka-din-ji-komara-pisti-lozane\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sedsaleka din ji \u201ckomara pi\u015ft\u00ee Lozan\u00ea\u201d - Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"HIS\u00caN CIMO Di 30 sal\u00ean destp\u00eak\u00ea da\u00a0 y\u00ean ragihandina Komara Tirk\u00eeyay\u00ea di 29\u00ea mijdara 1923yan da, peymana Lozan\u00ea di x\u00eetaba siyas\u00ee ya kurdan da cihek\u00ee gir\u00eeng nedigirt \u00fb ne \u201c\u00e7avkan\u00eeya karaset\u00ea\u201d b\u00fb. 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