{"id":338,"date":"2022-03-27T00:38:40","date_gmt":"2022-03-27T00:38:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zindi24.com\/?p=338"},"modified":"2022-07-09T00:03:17","modified_gmt":"2022-07-09T00:03:17","slug":"fela-peymana-sevre-u-xiyaneta-misaqi-mili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/fela-peymana-sevre-u-xiyaneta-misaqi-mili\/","title":{"rendered":"F\u00eala Peymana “Sevr\u00ea” \u00fb xiyaneta “Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee”"},"content":{"rendered":"

HIS\u00caN CIMO<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dibe ku tu vegotineke rewanb\u00eajiy\u00ea tune be ku meyl\u00ean Kurdan \u00ean beriya kongrey\u00ean lihevan\u00een\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Yekem\u00een, rave bike. L\u00ea di hem\u00fb insiyat\u00eef, destp\u00ea\u015fxer\u00ee \u00fb helwest de, asta \u015fa\u015fiy\u00ea ji ya rastiy\u00ea z\u00eadetir b\u00fb. Lewra l\u00eakol\u00eena li ser helwest\u00ean kesayet\u00ean Kurd \u00ean w\u00ea dem\u00ea, bi van \u015fa\u015ftiyan ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea bel\u00ea, p\u00eaw\u00eest\u00ee bi c\u00fbdahiyek\u00ea, di navbera dubendiya g\u00fbman ku t\u00ea seranserkirin \u00fb tevl\u00eehevkirin, heye. L\u00ea ev c\u00fbdah\u00ee ku nay\u00ea peydakirin, di sal\u00ean daw\u00ee de gih\u00ee\u015ftiye l\u00fbtkeya daw\u00ee, ew j\u00ee dubendiya xayin \u00fb y\u00ean ku \u015fa\u015ft\u00ee kirine. Dema ku kes\u00ea \u015fa\u015ft\u00ee kiriye, bi \u00eexanet\u00ea t\u00ea binavkirin, bi v\u00ea yek\u00ea d\u00eewarek\u00ee parastin\u00ea ji bo \u00eexanet\u00ean ku rast\u00ee \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbne \u00ean h\u00eaz\u00ean dijber ku li ser esas\u00ea berjwendiy\u00ean kesayet\u00ee, an j\u00ee malbat\u00ee an j\u00ee part\u00eet\u00ee dixebitin, dipar\u00eaze. Ev yek j\u00ee heta roja \u00eero li Efr\u00een \u00fb Ser\u00eakaniy\u00ea t\u00eane kirin. Ne ten\u00ea kesayeta Hesen Xeyr\u00ee pirsgir\u00eak e, tev\u00ee ku b\u00fb serk\u00ea\u015f\u00ea \u00e7\u00eerok\u00ean”\u00eexanet\u00ea” ye. Mirov dikare b\u00eaje ku kes\u00ea yekem\u00een \u00ea ku f\u00eam kiriye di her kiryarek\u00ee de \u015fa\u015ft\u00ee heye \u00fb Ii ser v\u00ee esas\u00ea kete nava tevger\u00ea, \u015f\u00eax\u00ea mamoste Se\u00eed Kurd\u00ee(Newrs\u00ee) ye. Newrs\u00ee bi tena xwe r\u00eayeke c\u00fbda girt ku cih\u00ea balk\u00ea\u015f\u00ee \u00fb seyr b\u00fb. Ev r\u00ea di demeke zehmet a di navbera Peymana Sevr\u00ea (10`\u00ea Tebaxa 1920) \u00fb Lozan\u00ea(24`\u00ea T\u00eermeha 1923), dest p\u00ea kir.<\/p>\n

Ravekirin\u00ean \u015fa\u015f \u00ean di xwendina j\u00eenen\u00eegariya kesayet\u00ean kurd\u00ee y\u00ean serdema bor\u00ee de, sedema xwe xwendina \u015fa\u015f \u00fb par\u00e7ekirina stasyon\u00ean sereke y\u00ean di qada siyas\u00ea de ye. Li ser v\u00ee esas\u00ee, di berdewamiya niv\u00ees\u00ea de, em \u00ea bal\u00ea biki\u015f\u00eenin ser van stasyon\u00ean bi pirsgir\u00eak, ew j\u00ee Peymana Sevr\u00ea ye. Bi destp\u00eakirina v\u00ea peyman\u00ea re, w\u00ea der\u00ee li p\u00ea\u015fiya danans\u00eena haw\u00eerdora siyas\u00ee ya ku Hesen Xeyr\u00ee \u00fb heval\u00ean w\u00ee t\u00eade kar kirin, were vekirin. Ew j\u00ee xefika qirkirina di her quncikek\u00ee li quncik\u00ean xebata siyas\u00ee \u00fb t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena \u015fore\u015fger\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n

Ji aliy\u00ea anal\u00eezkirin \u00fb fikir\u00ee de, 4 kesayet\u00ean Kurd bi rexne an j\u00ee bi g\u00fbman, bend\u00ean Peymana Sevr\u00ea xwendin, ango s\u00ea bend\u00ean gir\u00eaday\u00ee Kurdan di v\u00ea peymana mezin a ku ji 433 bendan p\u00eak t\u00ea. Ev kesayet\u00ean ku l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ee nirxandine ev in:<\/strong> Mihemed Em\u00een Zek\u00ee, Kemal Mizher Ehmed, Ebdulrehman Qasimlo \u00fb Ebdulah Ocalan(li gor\u00ee zanyariy\u00ean niv\u00eeskar). <\/strong>Armanc ne p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirina n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean berfireh e, l\u00ea bel\u00ea e\u015fkerekirina cehwer\u00ea Peymana Sevr\u00ea ye.\u00a0 Li ser esas\u00ea f\u00eamkirina her kes\u00ee ji v\u00ea foruma navdewlet\u00ee ve ku li xwe mukir hat ev peyman mir\u00ee ye, \u00a0w\u00ea meyl\u00ean p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea diyar bibin \u00fb w\u00ea bijardey\u00ean xwe di dema niha de heta astek\u00ea, diyar bike.<\/p>\n

Gelo ma “Sevr\u00ea”fersendek b\u00fb ji dest \u00e7\u00fb?K\u00ee ev fersend winda kir?Gelo eger b\u00fbyeran pi\u015ftre meyleke diyarker hilbijart \u00fb e\u015fkere b\u00fb ku r\u00eaveber\u00ean Kurdan \u00ean ku w\u00ea dem\u00ea”Sevr\u00ea”red kirin, altirnat\u00eef\u00ea wan xerabtir b\u00fb.\u00a0\u00a0 Gelo ev t\u00ear\u00ea dike ku xwendevan \u00fb l\u00eakol\u00eener ji zelalkirina valahiy\u00ean di peyman\u00ea de, l\u00eakol\u00een nekin.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea pirsa giring di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, gelo r\u00eaveber\u00ean te\u015fw\u00eeq\u00ee”Sevr\u00ea”neb\u00fbn, li ser esas\u00ea hezkirina ji radestb\u00fbna Tirkan re b\u00fb? Li gor\u00ee helwest\u00ean belgekir\u00ee, gelek Kurdan bi rast\u00ee rola \u00eexanet\u00ea li dij\u00ee t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena gel\u00ea xwe l\u00eestin. Ev rol di Ithad \u00fb Tereq\u00ee de dewam kir, pi\u015ftre derbas\u00ee ke\u015ftiya Mustefa Kemal \u00fb heval\u00ean w\u00ee b\u00fbn \u00fb heta ketina masikan pi\u015ft\u00ee Lozan\u00ea. L\u00ea ne Hesen Xeyr\u00ee \u00fb ne j\u00ee heval\u00ean w\u00ee y\u00ean ku nameya”Yek dewlet ji Kurd \u00fb Tirkan re”r\u00eakirin, di nava wan kesan de heb\u00fbn.<\/p>\n

Kurd bi tevah\u00ee, bi hers\u00ea bend\u00ean gir\u00eaday\u00ee xwe y\u00ean di Peymana Sevr\u00ea de, mij\u00fbl b\u00fbn. Ev bend\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ee ne \u00fb b\u00fbne sedem ku doza Kurdan were destgirtin. Eger ten\u00ea ji bo tomakirina \u00fb heb\u00fbna Kurdan di giringtir\u00een kongrey\u00ean navdewlet\u00ee pi\u015ft\u00ee \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Yekem\u00een de be, ev destkefiyeke giring e. Bi v\u00ee reng\u00ea Kurd bi niv\u00ees\u00ea (Bendan) mij\u00fbl b\u00fbn \u00fb w\u00eane ango nex\u015fereya Sevr\u00ea, pa\u015fguh kirin.<\/p>\n

L\u00eavegera li ser nex\u015ferey\u00ean”Sevr\u00ea” heta radeyeke mezin diyar dibe ku \u00e7ima be\u015fek\u00ee giring ji Kurdan li dij\u00ee v\u00ea peyman\u00ea derketine. Redkirina wan li ser esas\u00ea derketina hin her\u00eam\u00ean Kurdan ji “Dewleta Kurd\u00ee ya P\u00ea\u015fniyazkir\u00ee”de b\u00fb. Ji v\u00ea nex\u015frey\u00ea diyar dibe ku \u00e7ima piraniya r\u00eaveber\u00ean: Bedl\u00ees, Wan, M\u00fb\u015f, Serhed, Mard\u00een, Nis\u00eab\u00een, Urfa, Sir\u00fbc, Maltiya, Adiyeman, Mere\u015f \u00fb D\u00eelok li dij\u00ee v\u00ea peyman\u00ea derketin \u00fb be\u015fek bi\u00e7\u00fbk ji Kurd\u00ean Botan, Amed \u00fb Dersim\u00ea, pi\u015ftgir\u00ee dane v\u00ea peyman\u00ea. Nex\u015fereya pi\u015ftgir\u00ee, gumanbar\u00ee \u00fb redkirin\u00ea, bi s\u00eenor\u00ea r\u00eaveber\u00ee y\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fniyazkir\u00ee a dewleta Kurdan, li “Sevr\u00ea”gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Her\u00eam\u00ean navbor\u00ee y\u00ean ku ev peyman redkirin, li dervay\u00ee projeya dewleta Kurdan b\u00fbn.<\/p>\n

Di heman roja pesendkirina peyman\u00ea, guhartinek li ser peyman\u00ea hate kirin, ji ber di peyman\u00ea de tu wesay\u00eet\u00ean dewlet\u00ea ji bo dewleta Kurdan a p\u00ea\u015fniyazkir\u00ee, tune b\u00fb. L\u00ea bel\u00ea ev mijar, ji “Esbit<\/strong> Umem<\/strong>” ango “Civata Neteweyan”re hate h\u00ee\u015ftin. L\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee lezg\u00een, n\u00fbner\u00ean Bir\u00eataniya, Fransa \u00fb \u00cetaliyay\u00ea lihev r\u00fbni\u015ftin \u00fb her\u00eam\u00ea di nava xwe de dabe\u015f kirin. Fransa \u00fb Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea, dewleta Kurdan ya p\u00ea\u015fniyazkir\u00ee di nava xwe de dabe\u015f\u00ee du her\u00eaman kirin: Her\u00eama Botan\u00ea wek\u00ee dewleteke kurd\u00ee di bin serpere\u015ftiya Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea \u00fb her\u00eama Rojavay\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb navenda w\u00ea Diyarbekir wek\u00ee dewleteke kurd\u00ee di bin serpere\u015ftiya Fransay\u00ea de ye.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea Her\u00eama Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb navenda w\u00ea Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee pirat\u00eek li dervay\u00ee Peymana Sevr\u00ea ma, l\u00ea di bin serweriya yekser a Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea ya li ser Iraq\u00ea de maye. Her wiha benda 64`an j\u00ee der\u00ee li p\u00ea\u015fiya tevl\u00eab\u00fbna Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea ji dewleta “Sevr\u00ea”re bi forumeke ne zelal vekir\u00ee h\u00ee\u015ft.\u00a0 Foruma ne zelal a t\u00eakildar\u00ee mijar\u00ea wiha ye:”Dewlet\u00ean sereke y\u00ean hevpeyman\u00ea, li p\u00ea\u015fiya tevl\u00eab\u00fbna dilxwaz\u00ee ya Kurd\u00ean li w\u00ee par\u00e7ey\u00ee Kurdistan\u00ea \u00a0ku heta niha di nava w\u00eelayeta M\u00fbsil\u00ea de ye ji dewleta Kurdan a serbixwe re, tu astengiyan \u00e7\u00eanake”. Di heman dem\u00ea de, her\u00eam\u00ean Kurdan ji Mard\u00een, heta Urfa, Eyntab \u00fb Efr\u00een di bin serweriya yekser a Fransay\u00ea de ma, da ku pi\u015ftre bibe par\u00e7eyek ji dewleta S\u00fbriy\u00ea ya ku n\u00fb ava b\u00fbye.<\/p>\n

Peymana Sevr\u00ea ku ji aliy\u00ea erdn\u00eegar\u00ee ve belavay\u00ee b\u00fb, ji aliyek\u00ee din par\u00e7ekirina Kurdistan\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee r\u00eaxistinkir\u00ee b\u00fb. Nex\u015fereya Kurdistan\u00ea wek\u00ee dewlet hate p\u00ea\u015fniyazkirin, l\u00ea gelek her\u00eam\u00ean berfireh ne di nava v\u00ea nex\u015ferey\u00ea de b\u00fbn. Kurd\u00ean ku li dervay\u00ee nex\u015fereya Sevr\u00ea man, bi metirsiy\u00ean heb\u00fbn\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb b\u00fbn. Ji bo wan, cih\u00ea wan ne di nava dewleta Ermeniyan ya p\u00ea\u015fniyazkir\u00ee de b\u00fb \u00fb w\u00ea ne\u00e7ar bim\u00eenin ku ko\u00e7ber bibin an j\u00ee werin tunekirin. Her wiha Kurdan bi awayek\u00ee xurt lihev kirib\u00fbn ku w\u00ea nekevin bin serweriya desthildariya Ereban \u00e7i li S\u00fbriy\u00ea an j\u00ee li Iraq\u00ea. \u00cad\u00ee li her\u00eam\u00ea, n\u00ee\u015faney\u00ean komkujiy\u00ean mezin li p\u00ea\u015fiya v\u00ea xelk\u00ea diyar dib\u00fb \u00fb bi awayek\u00ee xurt li dij\u00ee v\u00ea peyman\u00ea derketin.<\/p>\n

Di bend\u00ean ji 88-93 a Peymana Sevr\u00ea ku ew bend taybet gir\u00eaday\u00ee doza Ermeniyan b\u00fb, careke din behsa Kurdan t\u00ea kirin. Peyman\u00ea Serok\u00ea Amer\u00eekay\u00ea Woodrow Wilson erkdar kir ku s\u00eenor\u00ea dewleta Ermeniya a serbixwe bi dewleta Kurdan a p\u00ea\u015fniyazkir\u00ee de, x\u00eaz bike. Ocalan bi awayek\u00ee hostay\u00ee behsa v\u00ea k\u00ea\u015fey\u00ea dike \u00fb dib\u00eaje:”Projey\u00ean Eremen \u00fb Kurdan, projey\u00ean du netewey\u00ean li ser yek ax\u00ea ye. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee Kurdan bi g\u00fbmaneke pir mezin li hember\u00ee ‘Sevr\u00ea’ h\u00ees dikirin. Propogandeya er\u00ean\u00ee ya herdu malbatan Bedirxan \u00fb Cem\u00eel Pa\u015fa b\u00ea r\u00ea radib\u00fbn, belavb\u00fbna metirsiya li ser\u00a0 piraniya par\u00e7ey\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea ji hol\u00ea ranekir”.<\/p>\n

Niha, dema ku em l\u00eakol\u00een bikin \u00e7ima bir\u00eaz Ebdulaqdir Elnehr\u00ee tevl\u00eehev b\u00fb \u00fb \u00e7ima Se\u00eed Kurd\u00ee dev ji siyaset\u00ea berda, \u00e7awa be\u015fek mezin ji Kurdan di \u015fer\u00ea rizgarkirin\u00ea de tevl\u00ee Mustefa Kemal b\u00fb, \u00e7ima be\u015fek\u00ee mezin ji Kurdan bi dewleteke hevbe\u015f a netewey\u00ee bi Tirkan re raz\u00ee b\u00fbn, \u00e7awa Y\u00fbsif Diya Beg, Hesen Eywn\u00ee, Hesen Xeyr\u00ee, \u015eah\u00een \u00fb Bozan Beg, tev\u00ee hem\u00fb parlamenter\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea \u00ean di Meclisa Netewey\u00ee ya mezin de, nameyek ji Lozan\u00ea re r\u00eakirin \u00fb otonom\u00ee a li ser esas\u00ea Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee Ii ser tevahiya erdn\u00eegariya Kurdistan\u00ea ku w\u00ea dem\u00ea Kurdan x\u00eaz kirib\u00fb, terc\u00eeh kirin\u2026Ev hem\u00fb pirs, bersiv\u00ean wan di Peymana Sevr\u00ea ya \u015fekl\u00ee de ye.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea ji aliyek\u00ee din ve j\u00ee, Peymana Sevr\u00ea \u00e7\u00eerokeke xwe ya ne ferm\u00ee j\u00ee heye. Ev \u00e7\u00eerok j\u00ee, di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya, nakokiya di navbera hik\u00fbmeta Enqer\u00ea \u00fb Istenbol\u00ea de ye. P\u00ea\u015fniyaza ku Enqerey\u00ea bi serokatiya Mustefa Kemal p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f kiriye, gav bi gav b\u00fb. Di destp\u00eak\u00ea de, Kongreya Erzirom\u00ea di 23`\u00ea T\u00eermeha 1919`an de \u00fb Kongreya S\u00eawas\u00ea di \u00celona 1919`an de hate lidarxistin. Heb\u00fbna Kurdan di Erzirom\u00ea de li gor\u00ee l\u00eakol\u00eener Robert Olson di pirt\u00fbka xwe” Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism”gotiye, xurt b\u00fb. Ev pirt\u00fbk ji aliy\u00ea Dr. Ehmed Xel\u00eel ve bi sernav\u00ea”D\u00eeroka T\u00eako\u015f\u00eena Netewey\u00ee ya Kurdan”, werger\u00ee ereb\u00ee b\u00fb. Kurd di Kongreya Erzirom\u00ea de, biser ketin \u00fb desteya n\u00fbnert\u00ee 9 kes hatin hilbijartin, bi k\u00eamas\u00ee s\u00ea kes ji wan Kurd b\u00fbn \u00fb nav\u00ea wan wiha ye: Hac\u00ee M\u00fbsa Beg ji Mutka, Selah Efend\u00ee ji Bidl\u00ees\u00ea \u00fb Fewz\u00ee Efend\u00ee ji Erzirom\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Olson di herdu kongreyan de, behsa naskirina otonom\u00ee nake. Ev mijar ne cih\u00ea g\u00fbman\u00ea ye, ji ber di belgey\u00ean kongrey\u00ea de, ku Kurd\u00ean di nav de vegotine, w\u00ea dem\u00ea Kurdan hemleyek hewldan\u00ea ji bo dewleteke hevbe\u015f a kurdan \u00fb Tirkan, dane destp\u00eakirin. L\u00ea Olson di encama l\u00eakol\u00eena xwe de got”Eger ne ji pi\u015ftgiriya Kurdan b\u00fbye, w\u00ea tevgera netewey\u00ee ya Tirkiy\u00ea ev serkeftin bi dest nexistiye”. Bi awayek\u00ee gi\u015ft\u00ee, biryar\u00ean van herdu kongreyan di 28`\u00ea Sibata 1920`an\u00a0 ketin nava”Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee”, ango beriya 6 mehan ji \u00eemzekirina Peymana Sevr\u00ea di 10`\u00ea Tebaxa 1920`an de.<\/p>\n

Naveroka peymana Misaqa Mil\u00ee avakirina welatek\u00ee hevbe\u015f ji bo Kurd \u00fb Tirkan b\u00fb. Her wiha her du aliyan soz dan ku w\u00ea dewlet pabend\u00ee vegerandina hem\u00fb dever\u00ean kurd\u00ee y\u00ean ku di bin serweriya Bir\u00eetanya \u00fb Fransa de li S\u00fbriye \u00fb Iraq\u00ea de, b\u00ea. Di heman dem\u00ea de, bajar\u00ean Heleb \u00fb M\u00fbsil\u00ea j\u00ee w\u00ea bixin bin serweriya xwe. Tevgera hevbe\u015f a Kurdan \u00fb kemal\u00eestan ne ji nezaniya <\/strong>siyas\u00ee b\u00fb, wek ku pi\u015ftre hatiye vegotin \u00fb propogande kirin.<\/p>\n

Kurdan di dawiy\u00ea de ne ten\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea kemal\u00eestan ve hatin xapandin, l\u00ea bel\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea \u00eengil\u00eezan j\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee paralel\u00ee hatin xapandin. L\u00ea div\u00ea b\u00fbyer ji \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya w\u00ea ney\u00ea derxistin. Dema ku Kurd di nav gelek bijardeyan de belav b\u00fbn, diviyab\u00fb di nirxandina \u00eeroy\u00een de, ji b\u00eer nekin ku p\u00ea\u015ferojek ji her kes\u00ee re, heta Mustefa Kemal j\u00ee nediyar b\u00fb. Wek ku di axaftin\u00ean w\u00ee (Mustefa Kemal) y\u00ean di roj\u00ean destp\u00eak\u00ea y\u00ean \u015fer\u00ea rizgariy\u00ea de j\u00ee diyar dib\u00fb, ew bi ti\u015ftek\u00ee ne bawer b\u00fb. Ne ji serketin\u00ea \u00fb ne j\u00ee bi rizgarb\u00fbna welat ji dagirkeriy\u00ea.<\/p>\n

S\u00eenor\u00ea Ermenistan\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lewra, heta 28`\u00ea Sibata 1920`an, roja qeb\u00fblkirina M\u00eesaq Mil\u00ee, Mustefa Kemal \u00fb hevkar\u00ean w\u00ee y\u00ean Kurd ji aliy\u00ea avakirina hevpeymanek\u00ea li ser esas\u00ea berjewendiy\u00ean hevbe\u015f \u00fb \u00e7aren\u00fbsa hevbe\u015f, di rew\u015feke ba\u015f de b\u00fbn. Kurdan, ev xebat bi \u00e7avek\u00ee ku w\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea hem\u00fb bike yek, l\u00ea tema\u015fe dikir \u00fb bi Anadol\u00ea ve di dewleteke hevbe\u015f de, were gir\u00eadan. L\u00ea helbet div\u00ea, faktor\u00ea ol\u00ee \u00fb abor\u00ee y\u00ean giring ney\u00ean pa\u015fguhkirin, ji ber ku hevkar\u00ean Mustefa Kemal, eniyeke tund\u00ee li dij\u00ee tu projey\u00ean ku heb\u00fbneke siyas\u00ee ya Ermenan li w\u00eelayet\u00ean rojhilat ava bike, ava kirib\u00fbn. Bi v\u00ea yek\u00ea, be\u015fek\u00ee mezin ji Kurdan p\u00ea\u015fniyaz\u00ean serok\u00ea Amer\u00eekay\u00ea Wilson \u00ean x\u00eazkirina s\u00eenor\u00ea dewleta Ermenistan\u00ea, wek\u00ee dijminahiyeke amer\u00eek\u00ee did\u00eetin. \u015e\u00eax Se\u00eed Newrs\u00ee j\u00ee di civ\u00eeneke bi rayedar\u00ean Ewropay\u00ea re, ev yek diyar kir dema li p\u00ea\u015fiya h\u00eaz\u00ean rojavay\u00ee rekber\u00ee kir ku derbas\u00ee \u00e7iyay\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea bibin.<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00ea div\u00ea were e\u015fkerekirin ku n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ean paralel \u00ean di parlamentoya Enqerey\u00ea de, ji 6 bend\u00ean M\u00eesaq\u00ea zelaltir b\u00fbn. Dibe ku ev k\u00eamasiy\u00ean giring bin \u00ean ku h\u00ee\u015ftin Mustefa Kemal \u00fb heval\u00ean w\u00ee bi bend\u00ean M\u00eesaq\u00ea bil\u00eezn, b\u00ea ku tengav bibin.<\/p>\n

Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee di naveroka xwe de, p\u00eakan\u00eena yekitiya Kurdan \u00fb Tirkan b\u00fb \u00fb pi\u015ftre got\u00fbb\u00eaj\u00ean w\u00ea li ser R\u00eaveberiya Xweser a Kurdistan\u00ea hatin kirin. Li ser v\u00ee esas\u00ee, herdu aliyan \u015fer\u00ea rizgariy\u00ea li dij\u00ee dagirkeriya rojavay\u00ee me\u015fandin, bi armanca ku Anadol\u00ea \u00fb Egey\u00ea rizgar bikin \u00fb jin\u00fbve Kurdistan\u00ea bikin yek pi\u015ft\u00ee ku par\u00e7ey\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean ji aliy\u00ea Bir\u00eataniya \u00fb Fransay\u00ea hatine dagirkirin, rizgar bikin.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea ji aliyek\u00ee din ve j\u00ee, projey\u00ean ku Bir\u00eatanyay\u00ea \u00fb hevkar\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean Kurd amade dikirin, pir lawaz b\u00fbn \u00fb di navbera her\u00eam\u00ean di bin serwreiya Bir\u00eatan\u00ee li London\u00ea, Hindistan\u00ea \u00fb Istenbol\u00ea de \u00fb pi\u015ftre, Niv\u00eesgeha Rojhilata Nav\u00een li Qah\u00eerey\u00ea di Adara 1921`an de tevl\u00ee wan b\u00fbb\u00fb, belavay\u00ee b\u00fbn. Her da\u00eereyeke bir\u00eatan\u00ee, li ser burokratiya siyas\u00ee, fikirek p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f dikir. L\u00ea xala hevbar a di navbera van hem\u00fb da\u00eereyan de, d\u00fbrxistina Kurdistana Rojhilat(\u00ceran) ji doza Kurd\u00ee b\u00fb \u00fb h\u00ee\u015ftina w\u00ea di bin serweriya Farisan de b\u00fb. Piraniya p\u00ea\u015fniyaz\u00ean Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea, ji ber belavb\u00fbna w\u00ea \u00fb nakokiy\u00ean dijwar \u00ean di navbera n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean r\u00eaveber\u00ean Hindistan\u00ea, Londn, Bexdad, Qah\u00eere \u00fb Istenbol\u00ea de, nay\u00ean l\u00eakol\u00eekirin. Pirt\u00fbka zanyar\u00ea r\u00fbs\u00ee M\u00eexay\u00eel Lazarev a bi nav\u00ea”Pirsgir\u00eaka Kurd 1917-1923″, di \u00e7end be\u015f\u00ean w\u00ea de, nelihevkirina bir\u00eatan\u00ee li ser siyasetek\u00ea ji bo Kurdan, n\u00ee\u015fan dide. Ev yek heta Kongreya London\u00ea di Sibata 1921 \u00fb pi\u015ftre heta Qah\u00eere di Adara 1921`an de dewam kir, dema ku London\u00ea deriy\u00ea lihevkirin\u00ea bi tevgera Kemal\u00eest re vekir \u00fb bi Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea s\u00eenordar ma, b\u00ea ku serxweb\u00fbn\u00ea bide w\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Ji bil\u00ee day\u00eena Rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea ji hik\u00fbmeta \u00ceran\u00ea re, lihevkirine din a Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea heb\u00fb, ew j\u00ee vegerandina seweriya malbata Bedirxaniyan li Ciz\u00eera Botan\u00ea b\u00fb, l\u00ea b\u00ea ku datey\u00ean w\u00ea e\u015fkere bike. L\u00ea ev mijar, di peyam\u00ean fermandar William Noel \u00fb C\u00eegir\u00ea Wez\u00eer\u00ea Kar\u00fbbar\u00ean Hindistan\u00ea Arnold Wilson, di \u00e7end b\u00eeran\u00ean Wezareta Kar\u00ea Derve ya Bir\u00eetaniyay\u00ea, hatiye bib\u00eerxistin.<\/p>\n

Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee gelek\u00ee bi h\u00eaz b\u00fb, ku r\u00ea neda siyasteke Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea ya lawaz li dij\u00ee Kurdistan\u00ea p\u00eak were. L\u00ea bi saya berjewendiy\u00ean navdewlet\u00ee y\u00ean hevbe\u015f, Bir\u00eataniya \u00fb Fransa h\u00ee\u015ftin ku hikumeta Sultan a li Istenbol\u00ea ya ku dijmanatiya xebata hevbe\u015f a Kurdan \u00fb Tirkan di Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee de dikir, li ser Peymana Sevr\u00ea di 10`\u00ea Tebax\u00ea de, \u00eemze bike. Ev peyman wek\u00ee bersiveke ji Istenbol\u00ea \u00fb Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea da ku Mustefa Kemal li Kurdistan\u00ea h\u00eazeke sereke bi dest bixe \u00fb Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee, t\u00eak bibe.<\/p>\n

“Sevr\u00ea” b\u00ea parastin e<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00ea li gor\u00ee Mihemed Em\u00een Zek\u00ee ev peyman “vala” ye, li gor\u00ee Ocalan j\u00ee “par\u00e7eb\u00fbne”, li gor\u00ee Kemal Mezher Ehmed j\u00ee, “Guldaneke \u015fikest\u00ee ye \u00fb li gor\u00ee Ebdulrehman Qasimlo j\u00ee”Mir\u00ee hatiye dunyay\u00ea”. Pi\u015ft\u00ee ragihandina w\u00ea bi \u00e7end mehan, bi awayek\u00ee lez mirina w\u00ea e\u015fkere b\u00fb. Ya her\u00ee xeternak, ti\u015ft\u00ea ku di buhara 1920`an de \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye, ango beriya peyman\u00ea bi \u00e7end mehan, dema ku Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea stratejiya xwe li Mezopotamyay\u00ea \u00fb Kurdistan\u00ea guhart \u00fb r\u00eakirina h\u00eaz\u00ean bejah\u00ee ibtal kir \u00fb xwe spart h\u00eaza heway\u00ee. Ev guhartin, Peymana Sevr\u00ea, ji naveroka w\u00ea vala derxist. Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee v\u00ea d\u00eerok\u00ea, ne amade b\u00fb ku le\u015fkerek\u00ee xwe j\u00ee r\u00eabike, yekser \u00cetalyay\u00ea j\u00ee \u00eemze nekir \u00fb pi\u015ftrast kir ku ew le\u015fkerek\u00ee j\u00ee na\u015f\u00eene ji bo p\u00eakan\u00eena Peymana Sevr\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Di heman dem\u00ea de, Wez\u00eer\u00ea Kar\u00fbbar\u00ea Hindistan\u00ea Edwin Montagu bi awayek\u00ee tund Peymana Sevr\u00ea red kir. Her wiha dema ku x\u00eebata xwe ya \u00eestifakirina ji kar di 10`\u00ea Adara 1922`an de we\u015fand, yek ji sedem\u00ean ku \u00eestifakirina xwe rewa kir, astengiy\u00ean xeter \u00ean ku rast\u00ee wezareta Hindistan\u00ea ji Musilmanan ji ber v\u00ea peyman\u00ea dihat, n\u00ee\u015fand da. Ev yek di rojnameya “Leeds Mercury – Friday 10 March 1922”, hatiye we\u015fandin.<\/p>\n

Heger em van daney\u00ean ku me li jor\u00ea an\u00eene ziman, dey\u00eenin p\u00ea\u015fiya her l\u00eederek\u00ee Kurd \u00ea w\u00ea dem\u00ea, d\u00ea me\u015fa li d\u00fb Bir\u00eataniyaya avant\u00fbr be, ku ji bil\u00ee veqetandina Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb gir\u00eadana w\u00ea bi Iraq\u00ea ve, tu planeke wan tune b\u00fb. Ev nay\u00ea w\u00ea watey\u00ea ku hevkariya bi Mustafa Kemal re j\u00ee guncav b\u00fb. Her gav \u015fa\u015ftiyek b\u00fb \u00a0\u00fb rew\u015f bi yawayek\u00ee gi\u015ft\u00ee xefikek tevah\u00ee b\u00fb.<\/p>\n

Di dema niha de ku ar\u015f\u00eeva Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea bi gi\u015ft\u00ee li ber dest\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00eenvanan e, akademsiyek\u00ee payebilind \u00ea wek\u00ee Robert Olsen diyar dike ku ew nikare bi awayek\u00ee gi\u015ft\u00ee ti\u015ft\u00ea ku Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea di siyaseta xwe de Ii hember\u00ee Kurdan dixwaze, bi dest bixe. Lewra, di demek\u00ea de ku peywend\u00ee \u00fb veguhistina agahiyan li ser hevd\u00eetin\u00ean kesayet\u00ee, an j\u00ee \u015fopandina hin rojnameyan ku piraniya xwe j\u00ee xwed\u00ee meyl\u00ean diyarker b\u00fbn, gelo w\u00ea Kurd di w\u00ea dem\u00ea de niyet\u00ean Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea \u00e7awa zanibin? Du \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean ten\u00ea heb\u00fbn ku j\u00ea agah\u00ee dihatin wergirtin ku piraniya xwe j\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee yekser ne rast b\u00fbn; \u00e7avkaniy\u00ea yek\u00ea bir\u00eaz Ebdulqadir Elnehr\u00ee li Istenbol\u00ea \u00fb \u00e7avkaniy\u00ea duyem\u00een j\u00ee malbata Bedirxaniyan a di navbera sirg\u00fbn\u00ean Istenbol, \u015eam, Qah\u00eere \u00fb Ewropay\u00ea de, belave b\u00fbn.<\/p>\n

Eger heta roja \u00eero t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftineke ji siyaseta Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea re tune ye, tev\u00ee heb\u00fbna ar\u015f\u00eev\u00ea w\u00ea y\u00ea ezin, gelo\u00a0 di w\u00ea serdem\u00ea de \u00e7i li gel Kurdan heb\u00fb da ku van siyasetan zanibin? B\u00ea g\u00fbman ti\u015ftek tune b\u00fb. Dibe ku gotina “Ti\u015ftek tune b\u00fb” isbat bike, w\u00ea dem\u00ea Em\u00een Al\u00ee Bedirxan \u00fb kur\u00ea w\u00ee Celadet, ku pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didan “Sevr\u00ea”, di 25`\u00ea Gulana 1921`an de ber\u00ea xwe dane baylozxaneya Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea ya li Istenbol\u00ea, wek\u00ee ku di ar\u015f\u00eev\u00ea kolonyal\u00eesta Br\u00eetanyay\u00ea de hatiye belgekirin. Bedirxan dixwest ku t\u00eakiliyan bi Yewnanist\u00ea re dey\u00een\u00ea y\u00ean ku w\u00ea dem\u00ea her\u00eama Egey\u00ea\u00a0 dagir kirib\u00fbn \u00fb ber bi k\u00fbrahiya Anadol\u00ea ve dihatin. L\u00ea ji ber ku Bedirxan nizanib\u00fb ku Bir\u00eataniyay\u00ea ji v\u00ea t\u00eakiliy\u00ea raz\u00ee ne yan na, ber\u00ea xwe da baylozxaney\u00ea da ku wan agahdar bike. Eger Bir\u00eatan\u00ee n\u00ear\u00eena wan li ser v\u00ea mijar\u00ea ney\u00een\u00ee be, w\u00ea pa\u015fve gav bab\u00eaje. Dibe ku ev belge bibe sedemeke ku pi\u015ftre em behsa \u015fore\u015fa ku cih\u00ea xwe di d\u00eeroka Kurdan a n\u00fbjen de negirt bikin, ew j\u00ee \u015fore\u015fa Ko\u00e7ger\u00ee ya li her\u00eama Dersim\u00ea di navbera dawiya sala 1920`an heta Buhara 1921`an.<\/p>\n

\u015eer\u00ea \u00e7aren\u00fbs\u00ee!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Di 10`\u00ea Tebaxa sala 1920`an de Peymana Sevr\u00ea hat ragihandin. L\u00ea dema mirov \u00a0v\u00ea peyman\u00ea bixw\u00eene, div\u00ea matmay\u00ee nem\u00eene ku be\u015fek\u00ee mezin ji Kurdan \u00e7ima ev peyman red kirin, l\u00ea div\u00ea di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya \u015fopandin\u00ea de l\u00ea bin\u00eare. Beriya w\u00ea j\u00ee “Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee” heb\u00fb, wek\u00ee teorek\u00ee ev proje ji bo gelek Kurdan ji p\u00ea\u015fniyaza ne cid\u00ee ya Sevr\u00ea ya avakirina dewleteke Kurdan ku di nava xwe de 20 ji sed\u00ee ji erdn\u00eegariya ku Kurd l\u00ea dim\u00eenin nahew\u00eene, ba\u015ftir b\u00fb . Di heman dem\u00ea de, \u00e7awa \u015fopdar\u00ean neteweperest\u00ean Kurd di nif\u015f\u00ean p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea de, ji kes\u00ean ku Sevr\u00ea red kirin, matmay\u00ee bim\u00eenin? \u00c7awa xeyal kirin ku r\u00eaveber\u00ean Wan, Bidl\u00ees, Mard\u00een \u00fb de\u015fta w\u00ea ya ba\u015f\u00fbr, Nis\u00eab\u00een, Urfa \u00fb de\u015fta Sir\u00fbc\u00ea, w\u00ea parastina v\u00ea peyman\u00ea bikin ku w\u00ea wan ber bi \u00e7aren\u00fbseke ne diyar ve bibe? Ev p\u00ea\u015fgotineke giring e ji bo were naskirin \u00e7awa Kurd ji Sevr\u00ea derbas\u00ee Lozan\u00ea b\u00fbne.<\/p>\n

Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, mirov dikare f\u00eam bike ku \u00e7ima \u015eah\u00een \u00fb Bozan Beg, His\u00ean Ewn\u00ee \u00fb Hesen Xeyr\u00ee j\u00ee pi\u015ftgir\u00ee dane projeya otoman\u00ee ya Kurdistan\u00ea di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya”Welat\u00ea hevbe\u015f” de. Beriya ku ji her kes\u00ee re were e\u015fkerekirin ti\u015ft\u00ea di Lozan\u00ea de hatiye avakirin, ne binp\u00eakirina “Sevr\u00ea” b\u00fb, l\u00ea bel\u00ea ji w\u00ea xetertir b\u00fb. Wek\u00ee Ocalan dib\u00eaje” T\u00eakbiriina t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena hevbe\u015f \u00fb “Xiyaneta d\u00eerok\u00ee”\u00a0 li dij\u00ee Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee b\u00fb \u00fb may\u00eendekirina par\u00e7ekirina Kurdistan\u00ea di navbera Tirkiye \u00fb h\u00eaz\u00ean navnetewey\u00ee de b\u00fb. Di encam\u00ea de, b\u00fb sedema veqetandina daw\u00ee ya Kurdan. Pi\u015ft\u00ee Lozan\u00ea “xiyanetkar” hatin e\u015fkerekirin \u00ean ku di ref\u00ea Komar\u00ea de man . L\u00ea ji aliyek\u00ee din ve, Kurd\u00ean ji al\u00eegir\u00ean “Sevr\u00ea” \u00fb “Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee” di eniyeke hevpar de kom b\u00fbn \u00fb daw\u00ee li par\u00e7eb\u00fbna ku di sala 1918`an de dest p\u00ea kir, an\u00een.<\/p>\n

Her wiha hem\u00fb h\u00eaza kurd\u00ee y\u00ean may\u00een j\u00ee bi xwe re rakirin \u00fb hem\u00fb cebilxaney\u00ean ruh\u00ea berxwedan\u00ea ji dema w\u00earankirina daw\u00een a Kurdistan\u00ea di sala 1914`an de dest p\u00ea kir \u00fb \u015fer\u00ea daw\u00ee y\u00ea \u00e7aren\u00fbs\u00ee di 15`\u00ea Sibata 1925`an de lidar xistin. Di encam\u00ea de, \u015fer bi t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbneke mezin a Kurdan bidaw\u00ee b\u00fb \u00fb valahiya \u015fore\u015fger\u00ee ya demdir\u00eaj \u00e7\u00eakir, heta ragihandina \u015fer\u00ea t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena \u00e7ekdar\u00ee sala 1984`an.<\/p>\n

Balk\u00ea\u015f e ku di \u015fer\u00ea \u00e7aren\u00fbs\u00ee y\u00ea sala 1925`an de, tu kes\u00ee daxwaza p\u00eakan\u00eena \u201cSevr\u00ea\u201d ji Komar\u00ea nekir. Tev\u00ee ku slogan “Serxweb\u00fbna Kurdistan\u00ea” b\u00fb, ji ber ku \u201cSevr\u00ea \u201d ji bo Kurdan mir\u00ee b\u00fb. Hevr\u00fbkirina gengaz heye, eger em li r\u00eaz\u00ean p\u00ea\u015fkeft\u00ee y\u00ean \u015fore\u015f\u00ea vegerin. Her \u00e7iqas n\u00fbnertiya yekb\u00fbna du \u015fep\u00eal\u00ean kurd\u00ee dikir “M\u00eesaqa Mill\u00ee \u00fb Sevr\u00ea”, l\u00ea piraniya l\u00eederan dijber\u00ean \u201cSevr\u00ea \u201d b\u00fbn \u00fb al\u00eegir\u00ean \u201cMisaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee\u201d b\u00fbn. Di ser\u00ee de, \u015e\u00eax Se\u00eed Piran, Xalid Beg Cebir\u00ee, Y\u00fbsif Diya Pa\u015fa, Hesen Xeyr\u00ee Beg \u00fb ji bil\u00ee wan. Ji ber sedemeke ku heta niha nay\u00ea \u015firovekirin \u00fb l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean cid\u00ee li ser nehatine kirin, al\u00eegir\u00ean Sevr\u00ea ji malbata Bedirxan Beg heta malbata Cem\u00eel Pa\u015fa, di v\u00ee \u015fer\u00ea \u00e7aren\u00fbs\u00ee de di ref\u00ea duyem de b\u00fbn, yan j\u00ee b\u00eaal\u00eeb\u00fbn.<\/p>\n

Werger ji ereb\u00ee: Kendal C\u00fbd\u00ee<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kurd bi tevah\u00ee, bi hers\u00ea bend\u00ean gir\u00eaday\u00ee xwe y\u00ean di Peymana Sevr\u00ea de, mij\u00fbl b\u00fbn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":339,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[191],"class_list":["post-338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lekolin"],"yoast_head":"\nF\u00eala Peymana "Sevr\u00ea" \u00fb xiyaneta "Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee" - Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/fela-peymana-sevre-u-xiyaneta-misaqi-mili\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"F\u00eala Peymana "Sevr\u00ea" \u00fb xiyaneta "Misaq\u00ee Mil\u00ee" - 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