{"id":300,"date":"2022-03-26T23:45:49","date_gmt":"2022-03-26T23:45:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zindi24.com\/?p=300"},"modified":"2022-07-09T00:08:07","modified_gmt":"2022-07-09T00:08:07","slug":"kurdistan-di-seren-xaceperestan-de-bazirgani-bicihkirin-u-lawazibun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/kurdistan-di-seren-xaceperestan-de-bazirgani-bicihkirin-u-lawazibun\/","title":{"rendered":"Kurdistan di \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7perestan de..bazirgan\u00ee, bicihkirin \u00fb lawaz\u00eeb\u00fbn"},"content":{"rendered":"

HIS\u00caN CIMO<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zanyar\u00ea erd\u00eengar\u00ee y\u00ea Endulus\u00ee Ibn Cubyer, s\u00ea r\u00eaw\u00eetiy\u00ean ke\u015ff\u00ea li Rojhilat p\u00eak an\u00een \u00fb bi salan ev r\u00eaw\u00eet\u00ee dewam kir. Ji wan r\u00eaw\u00eetiyan, ya her\u00ee giring \u00e7\u00fby\u00eena w\u00ee ber bi bajar\u00ean \u015eam\u00ea ve b\u00fb ku sala 1183`an ango di l\u00fbtkeya \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7eperestan de, dest p\u00ea kir. Dibe ku taybetmendiya Endulus\u00ee di be\u015f\u00ean ku w\u00ee bi xwe vegotine, wek\u00ee \u015fahid b\u00fb \u00fb bi berfireh\u00ee behs\u00ea kiriye. Tev\u00ee ku ew endelus\u00ee ye \u00fb dilsoziya xwe ji dewleta Elmoweh\u00eed\u00een a Amazg\u00ee (Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Endelus \u00fb Fas\u00ea) vena\u015f\u00eare, l\u00ea hezkirina w\u00ee ya z\u00eade ji Selahed\u00een re b\u00eatir hevgirt\u00ee ye. <\/strong>L\u00ea w\u00ee hem\u00fb destkeftiy\u00ean ku di r\u00eaw\u00eetiya xwe de li welat\u00ea Sultan Selahed\u00een d\u00eetine, behs\u00ea kiriye \u00fb pesna wan destkefiyan daye. Her wiha eger w\u00ee ti\u015ftek\u00ee j\u00ea ne raz\u00ee b\u00fb d\u00eet j\u00ee, wek\u00ee d\u00eetin\u00ean xwe y\u00ean li Misir\u00ea li ser talankirina r\u00eawiyan diniv\u00eesand \u00fb digot:”B\u00ea g\u00fbman ev yek b\u00ea agahiyan Selahed\u00een \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye. Eger agahiyan w\u00ee j\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye, w\u00ea qut bikira wek\u00ee ku ber\u00ea ti\u015ft\u00ean j\u00ea mezintir qut kirine”. Di heman dem\u00ea de, bi w\u00earekiyeke ji ned\u00eet\u00ee ve, dib\u00eaje”Ji welat\u00ean Fas\u00ea p\u00ea ve, tu islam tune ye..ji bil\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea li van her\u00eam\u00ean rojhilat islam xewn \u00fb xeyal e. <\/strong>Her wiha ne heq, ne j\u00ee ol ji bil\u00ee \u00a0gel Elmohew\u00eed\u00eenan tune ye. Ew \u00eemam\u00ean daw\u00ee y\u00ean serdem\u00ea y\u00ean edalet\u00ea ne. \u00a0Her wiha hem\u00fb pad\u00ee\u015fah\u00ean di v\u00ea dem\u00ea de, t\u00eakiliy\u00ean xwe bi bazirgan\u00ean misilman in wek\u00ee ku bazirgan deyndar\u00ea pad\u00ee\u015fahan in, ji bil\u00ee ev sultan\u00ea adil Selahed\u00een”(R\u00eaw\u00eetiya Ibn Cubeyr – we\u015fxaneya Elh\u00eelal).<\/p>\n

Di v\u00ea atmosfera hevgirt\u00ee ya di navbera heyecana ji bo sultan \u00fb pa\u015fguhkirina daxwaz\u00ean xelk\u00ea \u00fb r\u00fbre\u015fkirina m\u00eer\u00ean nedilsoz\u00ean Selahed\u00een, Ibn Cubeyr yek ji wan ti\u015ft\u00ean ku di ger\u00ean xwe de her\u00ee z\u00eade ew matmay\u00ee hi\u015ft, bi awayek\u00ee hostay\u00ee tomar kir. Ew bi karwaneke bazirgan\u00ee \u00a0ku ji \u015eam\u00ea derketib\u00fb \u00fb ber bi Akko ve ku di dest\u00ea Xa\u00e7perestan de b\u00fb di\u00e7\u00fb, w\u00ea dem\u00ea “Karwan\u00ean b\u00eanavber ji Misir\u00ea heta \u015eam\u00ea bi ser welat\u00ea Frankan diketin. Her wiha misilmana ji \u015eam\u00ea heta Akko j\u00ee bazirgan\u00ee dikirin. Di heman dem\u00ea de, bazirgan\u00ean Xiristiyan j\u00ee r\u00ea li ber yek\u00ee ji wan nehate girtin \u00fb li p\u00ea\u015fiya wan nasekinin. Xiristiyanan li welat\u00ea xwe bi armanca ewlehiy\u00ea, bac ji misilmanan distandin. Her wiha bazirgan\u00ean Xiristiyan j\u00ee li welat\u00ean mislimanan ji ber kel\u00fbpel\u00ean xwe bac didan.<\/strong>\u00a0 Di navbera wan de lihevhatin \u00fb di her war\u00ee de nermb\u00fbn heb\u00fb. Xwediy\u00ean \u015fer bi \u015fer\u00ean xwe re mij\u00fbl \u00a0b\u00fbn \u00fb mirov saxlem in \u00fb dinya ji bo y\u00ean serdest b\u00fbn. Ev j\u00eenen\u00eegariya xelk\u00ea v\u00ee welat\u00ee di \u015fer\u00ea wan de \u00fb di fitneya navbera m\u00eer\u00ean misilman \u00fb pad\u00ee\u015fah\u00ean wan de j\u00ee. Her wiha bandor ne li xelk\u00ea \u00fb ne j\u00ee li bazirganan dikir. Di bin her \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ee de, \u00e7i a\u015ft\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7i \u015fer, ew her di nava ewlehiy\u00ea de b\u00fbn. Balk\u00ea\u015fiy\u00ean li \u00a0v\u00ee welat\u00ee ji n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ean li ser mezntir e \u00fb Xwed\u00ea peyva \u00ceslam\u00ea bilind bike”.<\/p>\n

D\u00eemena bazirganiya xwezay\u00ee ya di navbera misilman \u00fb Xa\u00e7eperestan de, li gor\u00ee r\u00eagez\u00ean ku ji aliy\u00ea herdu aliyan ve t\u00ea r\u00eazgirtin, bi d\u00eemenek din re tevl\u00eehev dibe. Dema ku karwan ji \u015eam\u00ea derdiket, art\u00ea\u015fa Selahed\u00een bi serket\u00ee ji \u015fer\u00ea keleha Kerek vedigeriya \u00fb di nava xen\u00eemet\u00ean \u015fer de, bi hezaran jin\u00ean kole derbas\u00ee \u015eam\u00ea dib\u00fbn. L\u00ea ji aliyek\u00ee din ve j\u00ee, karwan\u00ea bazirganiy\u00ea ji \u015eam\u00ea ber bi welat\u00ea Xiristiyanan ve di\u00e7\u00fb, di demek\u00ea de ku bi hezaran jin\u00ean kole derbas\u00ee \u015eam\u00ea dib\u00fbn. Ibn Cubeyr v\u00ea b\u00fbyer\u00ea wiha vedib\u00eaje: \u201cYek ji ti\u015ft\u00ean her\u00ee balk\u00ea\u015f \u00ean di v\u00ea dinyay\u00ea de, ew e ku karwan\u00ean misilmanan ber bi welat\u00ea Frenkan ve di\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb d\u00eel\u00ean Frekan j\u00ee diketin welat\u00ean misilmanan”. An j\u00ee berovaj\u00ee \u00e7\u00eadib\u00fb ku kolan\u00ean Akko bi d\u00eel\u00ean misilman j\u00ee dagirt\u00ee ne.<\/p>\n

Eger ev rew\u015fa bazirgan\u00ee \u00fb dan\u00fbstandin di navbera herdu aliyan de ev b\u00fb, her wiha kar \u00fb berjewend\u00ee qut neb\u00fbn \u00fb karwan di\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb dihatin, gelo \u00e7ima bajar \u00fb rew\u015fa xelk\u00ea xwe\u015f neb\u00fb? Her wiha \u00e7ima berjewendiy\u00ean bazirgan\u00ee di rawestandina \u015feran de biser neket? A her\u00ee giring, \u00e7ima r\u00eaya sereke ya bazirganiya c\u00eehan\u00ee ya di navbera Asyaya Rojhilat \u00fb Ewropaya Rojavay\u00ee de, veguhir\u00ee Deryaya Re\u015f, di demek\u00ea de ku \u015feran r\u00ea li p\u00ea\u015fiya karwan\u00ean bazirgan\u00ee nedigirtin?<\/p>\n

Derketina Vened\u00eeka <\/strong><\/p>\n

Eger em rola dewlet\u00ean bazirganiya \u00cetal\u00ee, bi taybet\u00ee Cenova \u00fb Vened\u00eek \u00fb tevkariya wan, di \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7eperestan \u00fb t\u00eakiliya di navbera van bajar\u00ean bazirgan\u00ee y\u00ean B\u00eezans\u00ea re, l\u00eakol\u00een nekin, w\u00ea bersiv di bin g\u00fbman \u00fb per\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea de bim\u00eene. Ji ber ku ev t\u00eakil\u00ee di bin bandora bicihb\u00fbna Selc\u00fbqiyan li Anadolyay\u00ea ji “\u015eer\u00ea Melazekird sala 1071″de, wek\u00ee encama \u00e7areseriya bidaw\u00ee neb\u00fbye, k\u00eam dib\u00fb. Tev\u00ee d\u00fbrb\u00fbna \u00e7areser\u00ee ku ji h\u00eala dewleta Kurd a Merwaniy\u00ea ve hate pejirandin, ji bo ku qeb\u00eeley\u00ean tirkan r\u00eayek\u00ea din li \u00a0Anadolyay\u00ea vekin, ji bil\u00ee Kurdistan\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Tev\u00ee fedakariya Merwaniyan”di berd\u00eala may\u00een\u00ea de, serwer\u00ee ji dest\u00ea xwe dan”, l\u00ea ji bo ji hol\u00ea rakirina diyardey\u00ean ni\u015ftecihb\u00fbna tirkan li Kurdistan \u00fb Ermen\u00eestan\u00ea, pi\u015ft\u00ee sedsalek\u00ea p\u00eak hat, dema ku Selahed\u00een Ey\u00fbb\u00ee \u015ferek\u00ee giran li seranser\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea li dij\u00ee Selc\u00fbqiyan, dest p\u00ea kir. Ev \u00a0j\u00ee wek\u00ee encamek ku pi\u015fta xwe dide rastiy\u00ean ku d\u00eeroknas\u00ean hevdem \u00ean Selahed\u00een, di ser\u00ee de Ibn Elatheer, tomar kiriye. Lewra giring e ku beriya \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7eperestan \u00fb beriya ku behsa rola bajar\u00ean Vened\u00eek, Cenova \u00fb P\u00eesa di x\u00eazkirina taybetmend\u00eey\u00ean Rojhilat de were kirin, behsa Kurdistan\u00ea were kirin. Ji ber ku van dewletan bi r\u00eaya p\u00ea\u015fxistina ramana veberh\u00eanan di kir\u00eezan de, bingeha yekem\u00een a kap\u00eetalzima bazirganiya n\u00fbjen a ku di gelek parzem\u00eenan re derbas dib\u00fb, dan\u00ee.<\/p>\n

Di destp\u00eaka Sedsala 11`an de, dema ku Selc\u00fbq\u00ee b\u00fbn c\u00eeran\u00ean Kurdan, dewleta Merawan\u00ee m\u00eerni\u015f\u00eena her\u00ee bi h\u00eaz a Kurdan b\u00fb ku li her\u00eam\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb dever\u00ean Ermen\u00eestan \u00fb Azerbaycan\u00ea r\u00eavebert\u00ee dikir. Di nava \u00e7end salan de Kurdan xwe c\u00eeran\u00ea miletek\u00ee n\u00fb (Selq\u00fbqiyan) d\u00eetin \u00fb di sala 1042`an ji aliy\u00ea bi deh hezar siwar\u00ean Selq\u00fbqiyan ve rast\u00ee hewldana yekem a dagirkirin\u00ea hatin, l\u00ea bi serneketin. D\u00eeroknas\u00ea dewleta Merwaniyan \u00fb hevdem\u00ea \u00e7end m\u00eer\u00ean dewleta Merwaniyan Ibn Ezreq Elfariq\u00ee li ser v\u00ea hewldan\u00ea wiha dib\u00eaje: \u201cEv yekem\u00een derketina tirkan li v\u00ee welat\u00ee b\u00fb \u00fb tu kes\u00ee w\u00eaney\u00ean wan ned\u00eetib\u00fbn(R.161).<\/p>\n

L\u00ea dema ku di sala 1071`an de, saeta \u015eer\u00ea Melazkert (Melazekird) n\u00eaz\u00eek b\u00fb, Sultan\u00ea Selc\u00fbqiyan beriya ku bi\u00e7e \u015fer, serdana Amed\u00ea kir \u00fb bi m\u00eer\u00ea dewleta Merwaniyan re hevpeymanek p\u00eak an\u00ee. Ibn Ezreq di \u201cD\u00eeroka Elfariq\u00ee\u201d behsa xal\u00ean peyman\u00ea nekiriye, ji ber ku dema dewleta Merwaniyan hilwe\u015fiya \u00fb Selc\u00fbq\u00ee b\u00fbne xwediy\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, pirt\u00fbka xwe niv\u00eesand. L\u00ea w\u00ee rastiy\u00ean belavkirina xen\u00eemetan niv\u00ees\u00ee \u00fb xelk\u00ean \u201cMelazkert \u00fb Exlat\u201d, ku du bajar\u00ean misilman\u00ean wan ji Kurdan b\u00fbn \u00fb Xiristiyan\u00ean wan ji ermen\u00ee b\u00fbn. Her wiha xelk\u00ea Melazkert \u00fb Exlat ji perey\u00ean xwe y\u00ean ku heta niha t\u00eara wan dikir birin (R. 190). Ev j\u00ee n\u00ee\u015fan dide ku art\u00ea\u015f dabe\u015f\u00ee du be\u015fan b\u00fbb\u00fb;\u00a0 Kurd \u00fb Tirk. Her wiha n\u00ee\u015fan dida ku ev \u015ferek\u00ee hevbe\u015f b\u00fb ku herdu al\u00ee ji ber sedem\u00ean xwe be\u015fdar\u00ee b\u00fbb\u00fbn, l\u00ea encam\u00ean w\u00ea b\u00fbne para Selc\u00fbqiyan.<\/p>\n

C\u00eeran\u00ea n\u00fb ji dagirkirina ax\u00ea wek\u00ee par\u00eazgeh\u00ean Exlat \u00fb Melazkrt\u00ea \u00fb nav\u00e7ey\u00ean M\u00eard\u00een \u00fb Cez\u00eer\u00ea s\u00eenordar nema, l\u00ea bel\u00ea \u00e7av\u00ea xwe berda paytext\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea Meyafariq\u00een \u00fb navenda w\u00ea ya kevnar “Amed\u00ea”. Ibn Ezreq t\u00eakildar\u00ee v\u00ea mijar\u00ea niv\u00eesiye \u00fb b\u00fb \u015fahid\u00ea w\u00earaniya w\u00ea dem\u00ea \u00fb n\u00ear\u00eena p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea y\u00ea st\u00earnas\u00ea m\u00eer\u00ea dewleta Merwaniyan N\u00eezam Eld\u00een t\u00eene b\u00eera xwe \u00fb dib\u00eaje:”..welat ketib\u00fb dest\u00ea tirkan \u00fb serdest hatine guhertin \u00fb b\u00eaedalet\u00ee \u00fb w\u00earan\u00ee serwer b\u00fbn. Xelk\u00ea w\u00ea bi qas\u00ee gotina st\u00earnas hejar \u00fb feq\u00eer b\u00fbne \u00fb heya niha ji %10 venegeriyaye wek\u00ee roj\u00ean Nizamed\u00een\u201d (R.205).<\/p>\n

Her wiha Ibn Ezreq bib\u00eer xist ku wez\u00eer\u00ea Selc\u00fbqiyan Faris\u00ee Nizam Elmelek ji Sultan\u00ea Selc\u00fbq\u00ee Melik\u015fah re gotiye: \u201cEv welat vala b\u00fb \u00fb t\u00eade pere hene ku ne t\u00ea hejmartin \u00fb ne j\u00ee s\u00eenordarkirin\u201d (R. 208). Her wiha Di sala 1086`an de, Mel\u00eek\u015fah \u00fb le\u015fker\u00ean tirk\u00ean Selc\u00fbq\u00ee hem\u00fb m\u00eerektiy\u00ean Kurdan desteser kirin. Sultan\u00ea Selc\u00fbqiyan ji m\u00eer\u00ea Kurd Nasir Eldewle re peyamek \u015fand \u00fb bi tinaz\u00ee yan j\u00ee bi cid\u00ee j\u00ea pirs\u00ee ka \u00e7i hember\u00ee ti\u015ft\u00ean ku winda kiriye dixwaze, Nasir Eldewle wiha bersiv\u00ea dide:”Rimek bikeve s\u00eenga min \u00fb di pi\u015fta min re j\u00ee derkeve”(R.213).<\/p>\n

Vened\u00eek \u00fb Cenova..derbeya bazirgan\u00ee<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00eay\u00ee dewlemendkirina anal\u00eez\u00ea ji sedem\u00ean h\u00ee\u015ftin ku \u015fer were ragihandin, w\u00ea encameke \u00a0ne\u00e7ar\u00ee derkeve hol\u00ea ku \u015fer\u00ea xa\u00e7perestiya ol\u00ee, bi tevah\u00ee bazirganiya ku gelek s\u00eenor li rojhilat\u00ea Deryaya Sp\u00ee \u00fb li seranser\u00ea Deryaya Sp\u00ee derbas dikir, t\u00eak biriye. L\u00ea ev nirxand b\u00ea xwendineke k\u00fbr, b\u00eazar e. Nex\u015feya bazirgan\u00ee beriya hemleya Xa\u00e7perestan a yekem di 1095 h\u00ead\u00ee h\u00ead\u00ee <\/strong>guhartin t\u00eade \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb \u00fb ev veguhertin bi \u015feran re dewam kir ku bazirganiya Deryaya Sp\u00ee \u00fb bender\u00ean w\u00ea ketin bin serweriya dewlet\u00ean bazirganiya \u00cetaliya. Ev yek t\u00ea wateya dawiya sedsal\u00ean serdestiya islam\u00ee li ser Deryaya Sp\u00ee.<\/p>\n

Di pa\u015fxaneya \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7perestan de \u00fb pi\u015ft\u00ee ku siwar\u00ean Xa\u00e7eperestan bender\u00ean perav\u00ean welat\u00ean \u015eam\u00ea desteser kirin, Cenova, P\u00eesa \u00fb Vened\u00eek ketib\u00fbn nava tevger\u00ea. \u015eer\u00ea wan ji bo benderan b\u00fb. Ev j\u00ee encama ku d\u00eeroknas Peter Frankopan ve di pirt\u00fbka xwe ya “R\u00eaya Hevr\u00ee\u015fim N\u00fb” de, behs\u00ea kiriye. Frankopan werz\u00ea 8`an bi tevah\u00ee y\u00ea pirt\u00fbk\u00ea ji bo \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7eperestan veqetandiye. L\u00ea ji ber ku bender hewcedariya w\u00ea bi tevgereke bazirgan\u00ee heb\u00fb da ku xwed\u00ee s\u00fbd be, t\u00ea pay\u00een ev d\u00eemen\u00ea ku dixwest Ibn Cuyber ji derbasb\u00fbna jin\u00ean kole li nava \u015eam\u00ea \u00fb derketina kerwanan di heman dem\u00ea de ji \u015eam\u00ea, rave bikira.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea bel\u00ea, ev hevrikiya di navbera dewlet\u00ean bazirganiy\u00ea de b\u00ea qurban\u00ee derbas neb\u00fb; Dewleta “Amalfi” z\u00fb ji p\u00ea\u015fbirka di navbera s\u00ea h\u00eaz\u00ean mezin (P\u00eesa, Cenova \u00fb Vened\u00eek) de derket. Her wiha di navbera van hers\u00ea h\u00eazan car caran li girav\u00ean Deryaya Sp\u00ee \u015fer r\u00fb dida, wek\u00ee di \u015fer\u00ea f\u00eeloya di navbera P\u00eesa \u00fb Vened\u00eek\u00ea de di sala 1099 li perav\u00ean girava Rodos\u00ea. Bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee, bazirgan\u00ee di l\u00fbtkeya \u015fer\u00ean ol\u00ee de b\u00fb \u00e7\u00eakera yekem\u00een a siyasetan. Ev yek dewam kir heta van hers\u00ea dewlet\u00ean bi\u00e7\u00fbk hewl dan ku bender\u00ean rojhilat\u00ea Deryaya Sp\u00ee bihev de gir\u00ea bidin. L\u00ea B\u00eezans b\u00fb qurbaneke din a van \u015feran \u00fb ten\u00ea wek\u00ee tema\u015feker\u00ea \u015fore\u015fa ke\u015ftiy\u00ean ku di bender\u00ean Deryaya Sp\u00ee re derbas dib\u00fbn, man. Her wiha B\u00eezans\u00ea bi r\u00eabaz\u00ean c\u00fbrbec\u00fbr hewl dida bi r\u00eaya s\u00fbdwergirtina ji bazirgan\u00ean \u00cetaliyay\u00ea xwe ji aloziya abor\u00ee xelas bike. Dema ku B\u00eezans, Vened\u00eek bi dest xist, w\u00ea P\u00eesa \u00fb Cenova winda dikir, an j\u00ee berovaj\u00ee.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea bel\u00ea, di sed sal\u00ean destp\u00eak\u00ea y\u00ean \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7perestan de, heyam\u00ean a\u015ftiy\u00ea ji \u015feran pirtir b\u00fbn. L\u00ea ev yek neguher\u00ee heta ku tevgera B\u00eezans\u00ea li dij\u00ee serdestiya bazirgan\u00ee ya Xiristiyantiya Rojava ku di sala 1182`an de dest p\u00ea kir ku ew b\u00fbyer wek\u00ee komkujiya Lat\u00een\u00ee t\u00ea zan\u00een. Xelk\u00ea bi pi\u015ftgir\u00eeya desthildariy\u00ea \u00eari\u015f\u00ee wargeh\u00ean bazirgan\u00ean \u00eetal\u00ee kirin \u00fb bi hezaran katol\u00eek (Francopan \u00fb Pedan\u00ee) ku\u015ftin. Lat\u00een bersiva da \u00fb \u00eari\u015f\u00ee bajar\u00ea Selan\u00eek\u00ea y\u00ea B\u00eezans\u00ea kir \u00fb dagir kir.<\/p>\n

Di v\u00ea atmosfer\u00ea de, Selahed\u00een Ey\u00fbb\u00ee ev aloz\u00ee wek\u00ee derftek\u00ea bikar an\u00ee \u00fb bi \u00cemparator\u00ea B\u00eezans\u00ea \u201c\u00ceshaq Duyem\u201d re t\u00eakil\u00ee \u00e7\u00eakir. Fermandar\u00ea Kurdan bi xwe re \u015fervan\u00ean qeb\u00eeley\u00ean Kurdan \u00ean bijarde ji \u00e7iyay\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea an\u00een \u00fb derbas\u00ee de\u015ft\u00ean Misir \u00fb \u015eam\u00ea b\u00fbn. Fermandar\u00ea Kurdan ji bo may\u00eena van Kurdan di nav ref\u00ean \u015fer de misoger bike, ne\u00e7ar b\u00fb welat\u00ea van Kurdan bi hemley\u00ean ku dem dem ji bo sererastkirina rew\u015fa \u015eehrez\u00fbr, derdora M\u00fbsil, Amed Exlat\u00ea p\u00eak dian\u00een, ewle bike. Lewra, tevahiya h\u00eaza Kurdan a \u015ferker cara yekem\u00een di d\u00eerok\u00ea de, derketin dervay\u00ee Kurdistan\u00ea, hemdem\u00ean Kurdan \u00fb di nav de j\u00ee Ebdulah Ocalan, ev b\u00fbyer wek\u00ee rengek\u00ee ji reng\u00ean lawab\u00fbneke mezin a h\u00eaza \u015faristan\u00ee ya Kurdan, binav kirin.<\/p>\n

B\u00eezans, di dema t\u00eakiliya xwe bi Selahed\u00een re, di bin metirsiya windakirina bender\u00ean xwe y\u00ean bazirgan\u00ee \u00fb li ber deriy\u00ea dorp\u00ea\u00e7ek dijwar a Ewropiyan de b\u00fb. Di nameya xwe ya yekem a niv\u00eesk\u00ee de ji Selahed\u00een re, bi hezkirineke mezin j\u00ea re got: \u201cJi biray\u00ea min Sultan\u00ea Misir\u00ea re, Selahed\u00een\u201d (Francoban – R. 145).<\/p>\n

Di encama \u015eer\u00ean Xa\u00e7perestan de plan hatin guhertin. Pi\u015ft\u00ee derbeya Selahed\u00een di sala 1187’an, ewrop\u00ee ji bo hemleya dagirkirina Misir bi xwe \u00fb pi\u015ftre j\u00ee dagirkrin bajar\u00ean li qerax\u00ean perav\u00ean \u015eam\u00ea y\u00ean al\u00eegir\u00ean misilman, bi co\u015f b\u00fbn. L\u00ea b\u00fbyerek ji ni\u015fka ve derket ku r\u00ea\u00e7a v\u00ea hemleya ku du salan amadekar\u00ee j\u00ea re dihate kirin \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea Vened\u00eek\u00ea ve dihate fenansakirin, guhart; ew j\u00ee derketina tevliheviya Konstant\u00eenopol\u00ea b\u00fb ku dema f\u00eeloya Vened\u00eek\u00ea n\u00eaz\u00ee w\u00ea re derbas dib\u00fb \u00fb bi hezaran le\u015fker ji bo hemleya Misr\u00ea hildigirt. Di encam de, Konstant\u00eenopol\u00ea hate dagirkirin \u00fb \u00ead\u00ee xeyal\u00ean bazirgan\u00ee di bin bandora v\u00ea destkeftiya mezin de, ber bi r\u00eayeke din ve \u00e7\u00fb. Ev destkeftiya mezin xewna her xirstiyanek\u00ee rojavay\u00ee b\u00fb ku paytexta c\u00eehan\u00ea Konstant\u00eenopol\u00ea bi dest bixe.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea niha, gelo bazirgan\u00ean \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7perestan \u00e7awa dikarin xwe bigih\u00eenin \u00e7avkaniya sereke ya dewlemendiya c\u00eehan\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee Konstant\u00eenopol\u00ees\u00ea, Asyay\u00ea, heta r\u00eaya bazirganiy\u00ea ya di navbera Rojhilat \u00fb Rojava de? Ev yek qet p\u00eak nehat. Hemleya li dij\u00ee Misir\u00ea t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fb \u00fb pad\u00ee\u015fah Eldil Ey\u00fbb\u00ee art\u00ea\u015fa Ewropay\u00ea tune kir. L\u00ea dema ku Xa\u00e7perest\u00ean d\u00eel naveroka peyama ku ji h\u00eala m\u00eerek\u00ee Asyay\u00ee y\u00ea nenas ve hat\u00ee \u015fandin ji hev re radigihandin ku ew t\u00ea, da ku ti\u015ft\u00ea ku nikar\u00ee hemleya Xa\u00e7perestiy\u00ea p\u00eak b\u00eene ew \u00ea p\u00eak b\u00eene, art\u00ea\u015feke n\u00fb (art\u00ea\u015fa Mexol) di r\u00eaya bazirganiya navdewlet\u00ee de p\u00ea\u015f ve di\u00e7\u00fb. Her wiha li gor\u00ee Francoban di bin nal\u00ean hesp\u00ean wan de ev r\u00ea ji bo xa\u00e7par\u00eazan ku di hemleya wan yekem\u00een de””r\u00eaya bihu\u015ft\u00ea” b\u00fb, ji bo her kes\u00ea xwe t\u00eade did\u00eet b\u00fb”r\u00eaya dojeh\u00ea”. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Bajar \u00fb s\u00fbr<\/strong><\/p>\n

Di serdema \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7perestan de, rast e ku bazirgan\u00ee nesekin\u00ee \u00fb bazar akt\u00eef mane \u00fb berhem\u00ean n\u00fb ketine nava wan. L\u00ea bajar b\u00fbne \u015fahid\u00ea qonaxeke dijwar a ku j\u00ea re \u201chilbijartina le\u015fker\u00ee\u201d t\u00ea gotin. Gelek bajar bi awayek\u00ee temam\u00ee w\u00earan b\u00fbn.<\/strong> Her wiha di demek\u00ea de ku hin bajar \u00fb keleh\u00ean ku bi s\u00fbr\u00ean mezin hatine parastin \u00fb art\u00ea\u015f\u00ean bih\u00eaz (\u015eam, Heleb, Akko, Nablis) li ber xwe didin, l\u00ea bajar\u00ean bi\u00e7\u00fbk ji ber pevguhertina kontrol\u00ea de w\u00earan b\u00fbne \u00fb her car\u00ea nif\u00fbseke n\u00fb dihate sazkirin. Di heman dem\u00ea de, di hin rew\u015fan de j\u00ee kes\u00ean serket\u00ee tevahiya xelk\u00ea baj\u00ear diku\u015ftin. Li gor\u00ee d\u00eeroknasek\u00ee islam\u00ee hemdem\u00ea w\u00ea qonax\u00ea b\u00fb (Eb\u00fb Elf\u00eeda Ey\u00fbb\u00ee) di sala 1290’an, m\u00eena ku misilmanan li Trablus\u00ea ya Lubnan\u00ea, bi ser\u00ea Xiristiyan de kir \u00fb bajar bi erd\u00ea re kirin yek. Her wiha Xa\u00e7perestan j\u00ee heman ti\u015ft bi ser\u00ea xelk\u00ea rojhilat\u00ee y\u00ean misilman \u00fb xiristiyan \u00ean li berav\u00ean S\u00fbriy\u00ea re kir.<\/p>\n

Di bin bandora \u00eari\u015f\u00ean derve y\u00ean li pey hev de, ji \u015fer\u00ean Mexolan \u00fb hatina qeb\u00eeley\u00ean tirkan ber bi \u00ceran, Anadolya \u00fb Iraq\u00ea \u00fb \u015fer\u00ea Xa\u00e7perestan \u00fb di ser\u00ee de j\u00ee \u015fer\u00ean navxwey\u00ee y\u00ean islam\u00ee y\u00ean di navbera mezheban de, <\/strong>nex\u015feya nif\u00fbs\u00ea xwe ji diyardey\u00ean v\u00ea xweseriy\u00ea d\u00eenam\u00eezma demografiy\u00ea, saz kir.<\/strong> Her wiha jiyan li dever\u00ean \u00e7iyay\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7olistan\u00ee y\u00ean d\u00fbr\u00ee kembera bajaran \u00fb bazirganiy\u00ea vegeriya. Kes\u00ean ku di \u015fer de t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fbn, li dever\u00ean \u00e7iyay\u00ee y\u00ean ku bi perav\u00ean S\u00fbriy\u00ea \u00fb \u00e7iyay\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb Qezw\u00een\u00ea dagirt\u00ee b\u00fbne, wargeh ava kirin, \u201cMirov dixwestin li \u00e7iyay\u00ean bilind \u00ean ku r\u00eay\u00ean xwe dijwar b\u00fbn bij\u00een \u00fb di w\u00ea dem\u00ea de gelek kes hatin \u00e7iyay\u00ea Lubnan\u00ea\u201d (Mihemed Kurd El\u00ee – Plan\u00ean \u015eam\u00ea).<\/p>\n

Tev\u00ee ku welat\u00ean rojhilat\u00ea Deryaya Sp\u00ee ji h\u00eala bender\u00ean deryay\u00ee, nav\u00eegasyona \u00e7em \u00fb r\u00eay\u00ean karwanan ve dewlemend b\u00fbn, l\u00ea ew b\u00fbne welatek n\u00eev dorp\u00ea\u00e7kir\u00ee. Ji ber ku bazirganiya navdewlet\u00ee r\u00eay\u00ean alternat\u00eef peyda kir \u00fb di hin rew\u015fan de welat di hundir de w\u00earan dib\u00fb. Di hemleya Xa\u00e7perestan a yekem\u00een (1096) de, serok\u00ea Selc\u00fbqiyan li Anadoliyay\u00ea Kili\u00e7 Arslan, ji bo tol\u00ea ji \u00a0art\u00ea\u015f\u00ean Ewropay\u00ea y\u00ean ku welat\u00ea w\u00ee dagir kirib\u00fbn \u00fb ber bi S\u00fbriy\u00ea ve di\u00e7\u00fbn hil\u00eene, r\u00eabazek\u00ee hovane bikar an\u00ee. Arslan bermahiy\u00ean art\u00ea\u015fa xwe kom kir \u00fb hem\u00fb ti\u015ft\u00ean xwarin\u00ea di r\u00eaya Xa\u00e7eperastan a ber bi S\u00fbriy\u00ea ve, \u015fewitand. Di encam\u00ea de, dexl\u00ean xelk\u00ea \u00fb dar\u00ean berhmedar ji hol\u00ea hatin rakirin. D\u00eeroknas\u00ean ku al\u00eegir\u00ea r\u00eabaza v\u00ee m\u00eer\u00ea Selc\u00fbq\u00ee b\u00fbn, pesna v\u00ee r\u00eabaz\u00ee hovane y\u00ea m\u00eer\u00ea Selc\u00fbq\u00ee didan. Di encam\u00ea de, bandora rasterast a v\u00ea tedb\u00eera tolhildan\u00ea ew b\u00fb ku bir\u00e7\u00eeb\u00fbn di nava xelk\u00ea de \u00e7\u00eabibe y\u00ean ku nikarin li hember\u00ee hov\u00eetiya art\u00ea\u015f\u00ean \u015ferker de, ti\u015ftek\u00ee bikin.<\/p>\n

Di serdema \u015fer\u00ean daw\u00ee y\u00ean Xa\u00e7eperestan de ango dawiya Sedsala 13`an, bazirgan\u00ee bi tevah\u00ee nesekin\u00ee. L\u00ea di r\u00eaya bazirganiy\u00ea de guhertinek \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb. Lewra, bazirgan\u00ean Cenova \u00fb Vened\u00eek\u00ea li \u015f\u00fbna bazirganiya her\u00eam\u00ee, ya navdewlet\u00ee dipejirandin, da ku s\u00fbd\u00ea ji buhay\u00ea w\u00ea bigirin. Di encam\u00ea\u00a0 de, dewlet\u00ean bi\u00e7\u00fbk \u00ean \u00cetaliyay\u00ea, di dem\u00ean c\u00fbda de bi standina taw\u00eez\u00ean r\u00eaya Deryaya Re\u015f ji B\u00eezans\u00ea biser ketin.<\/p>\n

D\u00eeroknas Maria Pia Bidani di pirt\u00fbka xwe ya bi nav\u00ea “Vened\u00eeka Deriy\u00ea Rojhilat e” de, rola Vened\u00eek\u00ea di serdema \u015fer\u00ean mezin \u00ean di navbera rojhilata islam\u00ee \u00fb rojavaya Xiristiyan de anal\u00eez dike. Ev dewleta bazirgan\u00ee dem dem be\u015fdar\u00ee \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7eperestan b\u00fb \u00fb li gor\u00ee hesab\u00ean Maria: “Vened\u00eeka dema d\u00eet ku derfeta qezenc\u00ea bandora ney\u00een\u00ee ya muhtemel li ser bazirganiya navdewlet\u00ee derbas dike, w\u00ea dem\u00ea pi\u015ftgir\u00ee da Xa\u00e7eperestan-R-59” \u00e7i bi dewleta B\u00eezans\u00ea re \u00e7i bi bazar\u00ean islam\u00ee. Bazirgan\u00ean Venedik\u00ea \u00fb Cenova kontrola dahat\u00ean tevahiya bajaran, wek\u00ee Or\u015fel\u00eem(Qudis), Yafa, He\u00eefa \u00fb Akko, parve kirin.<\/p>\n

Di sala 1120`an de, Vened\u00eeka bi awayek\u00ee gi\u015ft\u00ee be\u015fdar\u00ee hemleya Xa\u00e7perestan b\u00fb \u00fb ke\u015ftiy\u00ean xwe y\u00ean bazirganiy\u00ea y\u00ean may\u00ee li Konstant\u00eenopol\u00ea ber bi perav\u00ean welat\u00ean \u015eam\u00ea y\u00ean Xa\u00e7perest ve \u015fandin. Di encam\u00ea de, li her bajarek\u00ee ku ji h\u00eala Xa\u00e7perestan dihate serwerkirin, venedik\u00ee taxeke taybet bi xwe ava dikirin(<\/strong>Cih\u00ea bazirgan\u00ee)<\/strong>. Di dawiy\u00ea de ango di sala 1125`an de, f\u00eeloya Vened\u00eek\u00ea ku bi xen\u00eemet\u00ea barkir\u00ee b\u00fb vegeriyan welat\u00ea xwe. Her wiha di dir\u00eajahiya s\u00ea salan de, ke\u015ftiy\u00ean w\u00ea dev ji bendera Konstant\u00eenopol\u00ea berdan \u00fb ev yek zirar gihand berjewendiy\u00ean Yewnan\u00eestan\u00ea j\u00ee. Pi\u015ft\u00ee v\u00ea ceribandina h\u00eaz\u00ea, \u00eemparator\u00ea B\u00eezans\u00ea biryar da ku taybetmendiy\u00ean ku ber\u00ea dab\u00fbn Vened\u00eek\u00ea ji n\u00fb ve veger\u00eene da ku wan raz\u00ee bike ku vegerin Konstant\u00eenopol\u00ea.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea bel\u00ea, B\u00eezans\u00ea biryarek xeternak di sala 1170`an de girt \u00fb b\u00fb sedema ge\u015fep\u00eadanek bazirgan\u00ee ya mezin di r\u00eay\u00ean veguhestina kel\u00fbpelan de. B\u00eezans\u00ea ji dewlet\u00ean P\u00eesa \u00fb Cenovay\u00ea re ti\u015ft\u00ean ku qet ji ke\u015ftiy\u00ean Venedik\u00ee re qeb\u00fbl nedikir, l\u00ea dest\u00fbra bazirganiy\u00ea li Behra Re\u015f qeb\u00fbl kir (Bidani \u2013R. 63) \u00fb bazirgan\u00ean Venedik\u00ee girtin \u00fb ew xistin zindan\u00ea. Li hember v\u00ea windab\u00fbn\u00ea, Vened\u00eek\u00ea ser\u00ee li tolhildan\u00ea neda, texm\u00een dikirin ku w\u00ea vegere perav\u00ean \u015eam\u00ea da ku ji avantaj\u00ean xa\u00e7par\u00eaz\u00ean dijmin\u00ean B\u00eezans\u00ea s\u00fbd werbigire. L\u00ea Vened\u00eek\u00ea t\u00eakiliy\u00ean xwe bi bazaran\u00ean misilmanan bi r\u00eaya pevguhartina kel\u00fbpelan li bajar\u00ean di bin serweriya Xa\u00e7eperestan de wek\u00ee Akko(R.63) zind\u00ee kir. Pi\u015ftre, t\u00eakiliya di navbera her du aliyan de hate guhartin. Di encam\u00ea de, Vened\u00eek\u00ea paytexta B\u00eezans\u00ea xist bin kontrola xwe \u00fb di w\u00ea de hik\u00fbmetek bi nav\u00ea ” Latin Empire” di destp\u00eaka sala 1204`an de ava kir. Wek\u00ee ku di nex\u015fereya j\u00ear\u00een de diyar dibe.<\/p>\n

Lewra, hindik ma b\u00fb ku Konstant\u00eenopol\u00ees bibe paytexta Vened\u00eek\u00ea ya n\u00fb, eger meclisa bilind a Vend\u00eekay\u00ea destwerdan nekira. Ji ber ku meclis ditirsiya ku “Vened\u00eek”, veger\u00ea wek\u00ee ber\u00ea gundek\u00ee mas\u00eegiran.<\/p>\n

Bicihkirin \u00fb avakirin<\/strong><\/p>\n

Di hin p\u00eavajoy\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ea de, gihandina pi\u015ft Asaya Nav\u00een bi r\u00eaya Deryaya Re\u015f, ji bo bazirgan\u00ean Ewropay\u00ea ewletir b\u00fb. Lewra ji ber bextre\u015fiya hin stasyon\u00ean bazirganiy\u00ea y\u00ean li rojhilat\u00ea Derya Sp\u00ee, ango her\u00eama ku di ser Ermen\u00eestan, Kurdistan \u00fb bakur\u00ea welat\u00ean \u015eam re derbas dib\u00fb, xelk\u00ea j\u00ea ko\u00e7ber b\u00fb \u00fb di nava hejar\u00ee \u00fb xizaniy\u00ea de ma. Heman ti\u015ft li Anadolyay\u00ea j\u00ee \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb ku di p\u00eavajoy\u00ean kurt de l\u00ea bi zor, veguhir\u00ee”Art\u00ea\u015f\u00ean b\u00ea civak”. Di encam\u00ea de, bandorek mezin li pa\u015fxistina r\u00fbni\u015ftina gel\u00ean n\u00fbhat\u00ee, wek qeb\u00eeley\u00ean tirkan li bajaran kir. Her wiha heya demeke dir\u00eaj, ew gelan e m\u00eel\u00eetar\u00eest man. Dibe ku ev yek bi awayek\u00ee er\u00ean\u00ee bandor li bajar \u00fb gund\u00ean \u00e7andiniy\u00ea y\u00ean windab\u00fby\u00ee y\u00ean li Anadolyay\u00ea kir, b\u00ea ku bikeve nava qerebalixa kes\u00ean n\u00fbhat\u00ee. Di heman dem\u00ea de, taybetmendiya ko\u00e7eriy\u00ea, an j\u00ee nebicihb\u00fbna li bajaran, b\u00fb taybetmendiyeke qeb\u00eeley\u00ean Tirk heta demeke di serdema dewleta Tirkmen a Elaq Qoyunlu ya Amed\u00ea de (1469 – 1502).<\/p>\n

V\u00ea qeb\u00eeley\u00ea bi salan her\u00eama Kurdistan\u00ea xiste bin serweriya xwe \u00fb hin maf\u00ean taybet dane bazirgan\u00ean Vend\u00eeka li Diyarbekir\u00ea, b\u00ea ku ji bo gel\u00ea xwe y\u00ea Tirkmen bajaran ava bike. Vened\u00eek\u00ea li Diyarbekir\u00ea, bi paytexta xwe ya d\u00eerok\u00ee ya kelehkir\u00ee Amed, wek\u00ee eniya rojhilat\u00ee ya yak u berfirehb\u00fbna destp\u00eaka Osmaniyan dorp\u00ea\u00e7 dike, did\u00eet. L\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee ku Mihemed Fatih Konstant\u00eenopol\u00ees \u00a0di sala 1453`an de xiste bin serweriya xwe, t\u00eakiliya herdu aliyan xerab b\u00fb \u00fb di navbera wan de \u00e7end \u015fer r\u00fb dan. Di encam\u00ea de, Vened\u00eeka bi serok\u00ea Elaq Qoynulu li Diyarbekir\u00ea re Aozon Hesen, hevpeymaniyek ava kir. L\u00ea Aozon Hesen qels b\u00fb \u00fb z\u00fb hilwe\u015fiya.<\/p>\n

Meml\u00fbkan ku pi\u015ft\u00ee Ey\u00fbbiyan, desthilatdariya xwe li rojhilat\u00ea Deryaya Sp\u00ee bi h\u00eaz kirin, bajar\u00ean Kurdan li ser hevk\u00ea\u015feyek ku heta \u00eero bandora w\u00ea heye, ma. Ev her\u00eam bi du qonaxan; dewleta Merwan\u00ee \u00fb pa\u015f\u00ea dewleta Ey\u00fbb\u00ee, ji bicihb\u00fbna tirkan a n\u00fbjen rizgar b\u00fb.<\/strong> Her wiha yek ji encam\u00ean civak\u00ee y\u00ean serdema van her du dewletan b\u00ea ku ev yek di niv\u00ees\u00ean d\u00eerokzanan de b\u00ea belgekirin, rawestandina p\u00eala erebkirin\u00ea ya jixweber \u00fb berdewam a ber bi Kurdistan\u00ea ve b\u00fb, her wiha k\u00eamb\u00fbna heb\u00fbna Ereban a kevnar a ku ji destp\u00eaka desteserkirina islam\u00ee ya z\u00fb li Kurdistan\u00ea qut neb\u00fbye. Her wiha pi\u015ft\u00ee serdema Ey\u00fbbiyan d\u00eetina kesayetiy\u00ean serkirdayetiya Ereban bajar\u00ean kevnar \u00ean Kurdan, ne asay\u00ee b\u00fb. Berovaj\u00ee qonax\u00ean ber\u00ea y\u00ean ku Hemezan ku kevintir\u00een bajar\u00ea Kurdan di d\u00eerok\u00ea de b\u00fb, ji bo bi hezaran Ereb\u00ean ku hatin heta dawiya sedsala 10`an b\u00fbb\u00fb wargehek.<\/p>\n

Her wiha encama s\u00eayem j\u00ee ew e ku dewleta Ey\u00fbb\u00ee Amed, Badl\u00ees \u00fb Erzirom\u00ea bi r\u00eaya Heleb, M\u00fbsil \u00fb \u00cesfehan\u00ea ve bi bazirganiya navdewlet\u00ee ve gir\u00ea da. Her wiha toreke bazirgan\u00ee ya akt\u00eef ku navend\u00ean wan hatin vejandin ava kir. Di heman dem\u00ea de, mirov dikare d\u00eeroka gir\u00eadana bazirgan\u00ee ya di navbera Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb Heleb\u00ea de, wek\u00ee t\u00eakiliyeke k\u00fbr ku dewleta Merwaniya bi dewleta Hemedaniy\u00ea li Heleb\u00ea ava kir, binav bike. Pi\u015ftre di heyama Ey\u00fbbiyan de, di bin yek al\u00ea de b\u00fbne yek. Ev yek j\u00ee di m\u00eerateya kurdan de heya roja me ya \u00eeroy\u00een diyar dibe, ji ber ku Heleb ji bo Kurdistan\u00ea paytexta c\u00eehan\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n

7 sedsal\u00ean valahiy\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n

Di du sedsal\u00ean \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7perestan de, bajar\u00ean ku bi q\u00eemet b\u00fbn, wek ku li jor hat gotin, ew bajar\u00ean ku xwed\u00ee s\u00fbrin mezin b\u00fbn wek Heleb, \u015eam, M\u00fbsil \u00fb Amed. Her wiha bajar\u00ean ku s\u00fbrin wan k\u00eam b\u00fbn, bi dem\u00ea re winda b\u00fbn tev\u00ee ku hin ji wan ge\u015f b\u00fbn. Bajar\u00ea Ser\u00eakaniy\u00ea ku dewlementir bajar\u00ean bi av b\u00fb li her\u00eam\u00ea \u00fb niha di bin dagirkeriya dewleta Tirk \u00fb kom\u00ean al\u00eegir\u00ea w\u00ea de ye, nim\u00fbneyeke bi bandor a k\u00eamb\u00fbna parastin\u00ea \u00fb derketina ji r\u00eaya bazirganiy\u00ea b\u00fb. \u00cad\u00ee heta di destp\u00eaka sedsala 20`an de, jiyan t\u00eade neb\u00fb.<\/strong> Her wiha wek\u00ee gundek\u00ee ku ko\u00e7er\u00ean \u00c7erkezan t\u00eade bicih b\u00fbn, m\u00eena Minbic\u00ea li S\u00fbriy\u00ea, ku di serdema nav\u00een de, navendeke sereke ya \u015faristan\u00ee \u00fb bazirgan\u00ee b\u00fb, \u00ead\u00ee jiyan t\u00eade neb\u00fb heta ku desthilatdar\u00ean Osman\u00ee penaber\u00ean Arna\u00fbt (ji Albanya) di destp\u00eaka sedsala 20`an de t\u00eade bicih kirin.<\/p>\n

Li dir\u00eajahya her\u00eama di navbera S\u00fbriye \u00fb Iraq\u00ea de, bi taybet\u00ee ku v\u00ea dawiy\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea DAI\u015e’\u00ea ve hate desteserkirin(D\u00earazor-Palm\u00eera-Enbar), bajar\u00ean ku beriya islam\u00ea heta serdema Ebasiyan ge\u015f b\u00fbn, winda b\u00fbn. Her wiha heyama ku p\u00ea\u015fketina bajarb\u00fbn\u00ea rawestiya b\u00fb \u00fb heyama jin\u00fbve vejandin\u00ea, 7 sedsal derbas b\u00fbn. Bajar\u00ea ku ji v\u00ea pa\u015fve\u00e7\u00fby\u00een\u00ea rizgar b\u00fb, M\u00fbsil b\u00fb, ku s\u00fbrin w\u00ea y\u00ean xurt \u00fb cih\u00ea w\u00ea ya li ser xeta post\u00ea ya di navbera Bexda \u00fb Konstant\u00eenopol\u00ea de di serdema Osmaniyan de b\u00fb al\u00eekar ku bibe h\u00eazek n\u00fbjen \u00fb parastina xwe ji tunekirin\u00ea bipar\u00eaze, wek\u00ee m\u00eenaka berxwedana w\u00ea ya li hember hemleya Nadir \u015eah Af\u015far di sedsala 18`an de. Her wiha ji bo zelalkirina away\u00ea tunekirin\u00ea li Rojhilat, ten\u00ea t\u00ear\u00ea dike ku em \u00ee\u015faret bi windab\u00fbna bajar\u00ean \u015eehrez\u00fbr, ku heta sedsala 13`an wek paytexta Kurdan li her\u00eama ku \u00eero j\u00ea re dib\u00eajin Her\u00eama Kurdistana Iraq\u00ea b\u00fb, bikin \u00fb heta \u00eero j\u00ee nay\u00ea zan\u00een ku cih\u00ean van bajaran ku di serdema nav\u00een de ji aliy\u00ea erdn\u00eegar\u00ean misilman ve bi dir\u00eajah\u00ee behsa wan dihate kirin, li ku der\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Werger ji ereb\u00ee: Kendal C\u00fbd\u00ee<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Di v\u00ea atmosfera hevgirt\u00ee ya di navbera heyecana ji bo sultan \u00fb pa\u015fguhkirina daxwaz\u00ean xelk\u00ea \u00fb r\u00fbre\u015fkirina m\u00eer\u00ean nedilsoz\u00ean Selahed\u00een, Ibn Cubeyr yek ji wan ti\u015ft\u00ean ku di ger\u00ean xwe de her\u00ee z\u00eade ew matmay\u00ee hi\u015ft, bi awayek\u00ee hostay\u00ee tomar kir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":301,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[191],"class_list":["post-300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lekolin"],"yoast_head":"\nKurdistan di \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7perestan de..bazirgan\u00ee, bicihkirin \u00fb lawaz\u00eeb\u00fbn - Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/kurdistan-di-seren-xaceperestan-de-bazirgani-bicihkirin-u-lawazibun\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kurdistan di \u015fer\u00ean Xa\u00e7perestan de..bazirgan\u00ee, bicihkirin \u00fb lawaz\u00eeb\u00fbn - 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