Serok\u00ea Tunis\u00ea t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fbb\u00fb \u00fb xwep\u00ea\u015fander li qada Tehr\u00eer\u00ea li Qah\u00eerey\u00ea bi sedhezaran li dij serok Hisn\u00ee Mibarek b\u00fb, dema ku rojnameya \u201cNew York Times\u201d\u00ea belav kir \u00fb got ku \u201cSerok Barack Obama \u00eestixbarata Amer\u00eekay\u00ea lome kir, ji ber ku cih\u00ea aloziy\u00ea li Rojhilata Nav\u00een, e\u015fkere nekirin.. Herwiha, li ser ziman\u00ea general \u00fb serok\u00ea Erkana Hevbe\u015f Mike Mullen hate ragihandin ku rayedar\u00ean Washington\u00ea lezb\u00fbna veguhastina aloziyan ji T\u00fbnis\u00ea ber bi Qah\u00eerey\u00ea ve, matmay\u00ee mane\u201d(1). Diyar e ku ev surpr\u00eez di helwesta Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ya ji aloziya li Misir\u00ea di 17 rojan de hevr\u00eaz\u00ee \u00fb tevliheviyek \u00e7\u00eakir, ku Amer\u00eeka ji Mibarek xwest ku dest sererastkirina rew\u015fa Misir\u00ea bike, herwiha Amer\u00eeka pi\u015ftgir\u00ee da diyaloga bi opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea re di bin serpere\u015ftiya c\u00eegir\u00ea serok l\u00eewa Umro Sil\u00eaman. Di heman dem\u00ea de, Washington\u00ea pi\u015ftgir\u00ee da ku desthilatdar\u00ee bikeve dest\u00ea enc\u00fbmena le\u00e7ker\u00ee bi serokatiya mu\u015f\u00eer His\u00ean Tentaw\u00ee di 11\u00ea sibata 2011an de.<\/p>\n
Li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, pi\u015ft\u00ee aloziy\u00ean li Deray\u00ea di 18\u00ea adara 2011an de dest p\u00ea kir, Amer\u00eeka heman helwesta xwe dubare kir, di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de Obama got: \u201cSerok El-Esed div\u00ea bi veguher\u00eeneke demokrat\u00eek bi r\u00ea ve bibe an j\u00ee ji r\u00ea derkeve\u201d (Assocoated Press, 19\u00ea gulan\u00ea). L\u00ea pi\u015ftre Obama got: \u201cDem hatiye ku serok El-Esed ji desthilatdariy\u00ea derkeve\u201d (Associated Press, 18\u00ea tebaxa 2011an). Di v\u00ea navber\u00ea de, li pi\u015ft perdey\u00ea, bayloz\u00ea Amer\u00eekay\u00ea y\u00ea li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea Robert Ford bi hevkariya \u015f\u00eawirmenda serokatiya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea Busey\u00eena \u015eeban, kongreyek li ot\u00eala Sem\u00eera Mais di dawiya hez\u00eeran\u00ea de organ\u00eeze kir \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea televizyona S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ve hate \u015fopandin. Di w\u00ea kongrey\u00ea de, gelek endam\u00ean opoz\u00eesyona S\u00fbriyay\u00ea be\u015fdar b\u00fbn \u00fb ev kar\u00ea ku Amer\u00eekay\u00ea kir, ji aliy\u00ea opoz\u00eesyona S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ve t\u00ea naskirin.<\/p>\n
Bi hevsengiya banga serok\u00ea Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ji bo El-Esed ku ji desthilatdariy\u00ea derkeve, di heman roj\u00ea de du daxuyaniy\u00ean bi heman naverok\u00ea heb\u00fbn, a yek\u00ea ji serok\u00eawez\u00eer\u00ea Bir\u00eetaniyay\u00ea David Cameron \u00fb\u00a0 ya din j\u00ee ji N\u00fbnera Kar\u00fbbar\u00ea Derve di Yekitiya Ewropay\u00ea de Catherine Ashton. Di 10 roj\u00ean destp\u00eak\u00ea y\u00ean meha tebax\u00ea Si\u00fbd\u00ee t\u00eakiliya xwe bi rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea re qut kir, ku ev yek ji aliy\u00ea Pad\u00ee\u015fah Ebdulah Bin Ebdulez\u00eez di daxuyaniya xwe ya derbar\u00ea S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de e\u015fkere kir \u00fb pi\u015ftre j\u00ee Tirkiya t\u00eakiliya xwe bi rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea re qut kir, pi\u015ft\u00ee serdana Wez\u00eer\u00ea Kar\u00ea Derve y\u00ea Tirkiyay\u00ea Ehmed Dawud Oglu li \u015eam\u00ea. Fransa \u00fb Qeter\u00ea j\u00ee beriya her kes\u00ee ji t\u00eermeha sala 2011an ve, t\u00eakiliy\u00ean bi Be\u015far El-Esed re qut kirin.<\/p>\n
L\u00ea ti\u015ft\u00ea ku li L\u00eebyay\u00ea p\u00eak hat pi\u015ft\u00ee derketina biryara Enc\u00fbmena Ewlekariya Navdewlet\u00ee ya derbar\u00ea L\u00eebyay\u00ea di 17\u00ea adara 2011an de, heman ti\u015fti ji aliy\u00ea Obama li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea p\u00eak nehat, ku di w\u00ea biryar\u00ea de R\u00fbsya deng neda \u00fb di encam\u00ea de destwerdana le\u015fker\u00ee ya NATOy\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb \u00fb di 23y\u00ea tebaxa 2011an de j\u00ee, desthilatdariya Muamer El-Qezaf\u00ee hate hilwe\u015fandin.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Di gelek anal\u00eezan de hate gotin ku nedubarekirina tecrubeya L\u00eebyay\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea Obama li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, sedema w\u00ea vedigere v\u00eetoya R\u00fbsyay\u00ea ya di cotmeh\u00ea de li Enc\u00fbmena Ewlekariya Navdewlet\u00ee \u00fb Mosko xwest r\u00fbbir\u00fby\u00ea Amer\u00eekay\u00ea bisekine \u00fb destek\u00ea bide rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea. Di pay\u00eeza 2011an de j\u00ee, rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea rast\u00ee \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ean \u00e7ekdar\u00ee y\u00ean opoz\u00eesyona ku Tirkiya destek dida w\u00ea dihat, ku Obama ew kire \u015f\u00fbr\u00ea xwe y\u00ea s\u00fbriyay\u00ee wek\u00ee ku li L\u00eebyay\u00ea Fransa \u015f\u00fbr\u00ea w\u00ea b\u00fb. Ji aliyek\u00ee din ve j\u00ee, di dawiya mijdara 2011an de, \u015fanda flota Deryaya Re\u015f a r\u00fbs\u00ee li Tert\u00fbs\u00ea, wek\u00ee n\u00ee\u015faneyek\u00ea amadeb\u00fbna Mosko ji bo r\u00fbbir\u00fbna bi Amer\u00eekay\u00ea re li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, l\u00ea Obama di S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de xwe ji v\u00ea yek\u00ea da al\u00ee \u00fb di sala 2014an de j\u00ee nexwest r\u00fbbir\u00fby\u00ea P\u00fbtin di aloziya Kirim\u00ea de were. L\u00ea Joe Biden r\u00fbbir\u00fbna ne yekser di \u015fer\u00ea Ukranyay\u00ea de sala 2022yan hilbijart, bi r\u00eaya destekday\u00eena le\u015fker\u00ee ya mezin ji K\u00eeeve re. Xesan \u015eirbil di gotara xwe ya bi sernav\u00ea \u201c\u00c7entey\u00ea Lavrov\u201d ku di rojnameya \u201cEl-Heyat\u201d di 6\u00ea sibata 2012an de we\u015fand, ango pi\u015ft\u00ee du rojan ji v\u00eetoya R\u00fbsyay\u00ea ya duyem li New York\u00ea ya derbar\u00ea rew\u015fa S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, dib\u00eaje: \u201cDiyar dibe ku R\u00fbsya xwestiye aloziya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ji bo destp\u00eakirina aloziyeke mezin di t\u00eakiliy\u00ean navdewlet\u00ee de bi kar b\u00eene, lewra xweset ku nameyek\u00ea bide Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ku dest\u00ea w\u00ea ne serbest in li Rojhilata Nav\u00een.. Herwiha ew nikare \u00e7aren\u00fbsa baregeha xwe ya daw\u00ee ya may\u00ee li her\u00eam\u00ea pa\u015fguh bike.\u201d (gotara \u00c7entey\u00ea Lavrov)<\/p>\n
Di metna \u201cdoktr\u00eena Obama\u201d de ku kovara \u201cAtlantic\u201d\u00ea di hejmara n\u00eesana 2016an de belav kir\u00ee \u00fb Peymana Misir\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean Siyas\u00ee \u00fb Stratej\u00eek (kopiya PDF, 105 r\u00fbpel) werger kir\u00ee, em dib\u00eenin ku S\u00fbriya \u201cJi bo Obama \u00e7aleke xeternak e, wek\u00ee \u00e7ala Iraq\u00ea\u00ad\u201d (r.16). Di rew\u015fa S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de, veki\u015fandina le\u015fker\u00ee ya Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ji Iraq\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbb\u00fb di roja daw\u00ee ya sala 2016an de \u00fb n\u00ear\u00eena w\u00ee bi plan\u00ean r\u00eaveberiya Bush \u00ea kur sala 2002yan ku bikevin Iraq\u00ea. Obama got:”Sedam His\u00ean ji bo Amer\u00eeka an j\u00ee ji bo c\u00eeran\u00ean xwe, xeteriyeke bi lez \u00fb yekser \u00e7\u00eanake. Ez dizanim ku dagirkirina Iraq\u00ea b\u00eay\u00ee sedemek zelal \u00fb pi\u015ftgiriyek navnetewey\u00ee ya bih\u00eaz d\u00ea ten\u00ea Rojhilata Nav\u00een gur bike, meyl\u00ean her\u00ee xirab li c\u00eehana ereb\u00ee ji y\u00ean her\u00ee neba\u015f b\u00eatir gur bike \u00fb mak\u00eeneya peywirdarkirina El-Qa\u00eedey\u00ea xurt bike\u201d (Ji axaftina Obama ya Chicagoy\u00ea ya 2002yan, \u201cDoktr\u00eena Obama\u201d r. 32-33).<\/p>\n
Mirov ji x\u00eetaba Chicago ya Obama f\u00eam dike ku eger ku R\u00fbsyay\u00ea hevkariya bi Amer\u00eekay\u00ea re ya di L\u00eebyay\u00ea de di S\u00fbriya de dubare kiribe, ne p\u00eakan b\u00fb ku Obama tecrubeya xwe ya li L\u00eebyay\u00ea li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea berdewam bike, ji ber gir\u00eakb\u00fbna rew\u015fa S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, ji ber ku ji rew\u015fa Iraq\u00ea gir\u00eaktir e. Ji ber sedem\u00ean nex\u015feya bi gir\u00eak ya c\u00eeran\u00ean S\u00fbriyay\u00ea \u00fb \u00eeht\u00eemala r\u00fbbir\u00fbne \u015fer\u00ea \u00ceran-Amer\u00eeka li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, di demek\u00ea de ku dan\u00fbstandin\u00ean ve\u015fart\u00ee y\u00ean Amer\u00eekay\u00ea bi Tehran\u00ea re ji sala 2009an heb\u00fb derbar\u00ea dosyaya nukler\u00ee \u00fb \u00eeht\u00eemala her\u00ee mezin kes\u00ea ku bihate Ko\u015fka Sp\u00ee \u00fb xwed\u00ee bernameya daw\u00eekirina \u015fer\u00ea Iraq \u00fb Efganistan\u00ea b\u00fb, nedixwest ku bikeve \u00e7irava S\u00fbriyay\u00ea.<\/p>\n
Di aliy\u00ea pirat\u00eek\u00ea de Obama ti\u015ftek nekir, ango banga xwe ya di 18\u00ea tebaxa 2011an de ya derketina El-Esed ji desthilatdariy\u00ea p\u00eak nean\u00ee. L\u00ea bel\u00ea hi\u015ft ku wez\u00eera xwe ya derve Hillary Clinton bi awayek\u00ee devk\u00ee pi\u015ftgir\u00ee bide opoz\u00eesyona S\u00fbriyay\u00ea \u00fb daxwaz\u00ean opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea y\u00ean avakirina \u201cher\u00eameke qedexekirina as\u00eeman\u00ee\u201d \u00fb \u201cdestwerdana le\u015fker\u00ee\u201dan j\u00ee \u00e7ekkirina opoz\u00eesyona S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ya \u00e7ekdar\u00ee bi \u00e7ek\u00ean Amer\u00eeka wek\u00ee \u00e7ek\u00ean li dij balafiran an j\u00ee \u201c\u00e7ek\u00ean w\u00earanker\u201d. Di heman dem\u00ea de, nehi\u015ft ku hevalbend\u00ean Washington\u00ea y\u00ean ewropay\u00ee\u00a0 \u00fb kendav\u00ea v\u00ea yek\u00ea bikin.<\/p>\n
Dudil\u00eeb\u00fbna an j\u00ee \u201cnekirina\u201d amer\u00eekay\u00ee ji bo hilwe\u015fandina El-Esed, li gel Obama y\u00ea ku ji Iraq\u00ea derketiye \u00fb tevl\u00ee dan\u00fbstandin\u00ean bi \u00ceran\u00ea re b\u00fbye, ji h\u00eala Robert Malley \u00fb Hussein Axa ve di pay\u00eeza 2012an de wiha hate vegotin: \u201c\u015eer\u00ea li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea\u00a0 ji bo Iraq\u00ea ye ji bo welat\u00ean ereb \u00ean sun\u00ee ku destek\u00ea didin opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea. Ev dewlet qeb\u00fbl nakin ku Iraq\u00ea winda bikin \u00fb bikeve dest\u00ea \u015f\u00eea, an j\u00ee \u00eeraniy\u00ean sefew\u00ee li gor\u00ee d\u00eetina wan, lewra \u015fer\u00ea ji bo Iraq\u00ea bi r\u00eaya c\u00eeran\u00ean xwe t\u00ea kirin \u00fb ew gir\u00eengiy\u00ea didin S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, l\u00ea mij\u00fblb\u00fbna wan bi Iraq\u00ea ye\u201d (2).<\/p>\n
Mark Mazzetti di pay\u00eeza 2013an de radigih\u00eene ku Obama \u201cdi nava axaftin\u00ean xwe y\u00ean taybet bi al\u00eegir\u00ean xwe re, S\u00fbriya wek\u00ee pirsgir\u00eakeke dojeh\u00ea bi nav kiriye, ku metirisy\u00ean w\u00ea dawiya wan tune ye \u00fb hem\u00fb bijarte xerab in\u201d (3). Mazzetti di heman gotar\u00ea de dib\u00eaje ku hin kes di r\u00eaveberiya Amer\u00eekay\u00ea beriya daxuyaniya 18\u00ea tebaxa 2011an de hi\u015fyar\u00ee dane Obama ku \u201cli ser encam\u00ean w\u00ea di neb\u00fbna stratejiyek\u00ea de ji bo bidestxistina naveroka w\u00ea \u00fb ev deng k\u00eam b\u00fbn.\u201d L\u00ea li gor\u00ee Mazzetti dudilb\u00fbna Amer\u00eekay\u00ea an j\u00ee siyaseta nekirin\u00ea di S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de, bi xwe re stratejiyeke Amer\u00eekay\u00ea an\u00ee ku \u201cRastiya hey\u00ee di S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de, w\u00ea bih\u00eale ku \u00ceran di aliy\u00ea bejah\u00ee de bi salan li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bim\u00eene.. \u00fb \u015fer\u00ea di navbera El-Qa\u00eede \u00fb Huzbelah\u00ea di berjewendiy\u00ean Amer\u00eekay\u00ea de ye\u201d. Diyar e ku ev yek xurt b\u00fb, bi radest\u00eeb\u00fbna rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ji \u00e7ek\u00ean xwe y\u00ean k\u00eemyasel li gor\u00ee peymana 14\u00ea \u00eelona 2013an de ya navbera Amer\u00eeka \u00fb R\u00fbsyay\u00ea. Bi v\u00ea yek\u00ea re j\u00ee, di 24\u00ea \u00eelon\u00ea de, Obama di x\u00eetaba xwe ya Komeleya Gi\u015f\u00ee ya Netewey\u00ean Yekb\u00fby\u00ee de bi awayek\u00ee e\u015fkere ragihand ku ew dest bi dan\u00fbstandinan bi Tehran\u00ea re dikin derbar\u00ea dosyaya nukler\u00ee. Di pirat\u00eek\u00ea de j\u00ee, mijara r\u00fbxandina rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee gav\u00ean Amer\u00eeka bi Mosko \u00fb Tehran\u00ea re, neb\u00fb rojeva Obama, ango ev dosya li aliyek\u00ee dan\u00een.<\/p>\n
\u00ceht\u00eemala mezin j\u00ee ku faktor\u00ea \u00eesra\u00eel\u00ee bandora xwe li ser Obama heb\u00fb. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, kovara \u201cThe Economist\u201d\u00ea ya bir\u00eetan\u00ee di destp\u00eaka aloziya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de, gotarek di 19\u00ea gulana 2011an de l\u00ea b\u00ea ku niv\u00eeskar diyar bikin, bi sernav\u00ea \u201cW\u00ea \u00e7i bibe eger El-Esed bikeve?\u201d we\u015fand \u00fb got: \u201c\u00cesra\u00eel j\u00ee tev\u00ee ku S\u00fbriya dib\u00eenin djimin\u00ea xwe y\u00ea ereb\u00ee y\u00ea her\u00ee tund, l\u00ea bel\u00ea dizanin ku El-Esed s\u00eenor\u00ea hevbe\u015f \u00ea navbera herdu welatan, aram hi\u015ft.\u201d<\/p>\n
Di heman gotara kovara bor\u00ee de, hate bib\u00eerxistin ku faktorek\u00ee navxwey\u00ee y\u00ea S\u00fbriyay\u00ea heb\u00fb ku nedihi\u015ft rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea were r\u00fbxandin, \u00eeht\u00eemala mezin j\u00ee ku Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ev yek f\u00eam kirib\u00fb an j\u00ee bir\u00eetaniyan bi amer\u00eekayiyan da f\u00eamkirin (di roja w\u00ea de an j\u00ee pi\u015ftre) \u00fb ev yek j\u00ee pi\u015ftre hi\u015ft ku Obama dudil\u00ee bibe. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, kovar\u00ea got: \u201cRej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ne di metirsiya r\u00fbxandina di demeke n\u00eaz de b\u00fb, li T\u00fbnis \u00fb Misir\u00ea red kir ku guleyan bav\u00eaje xwep\u00ea\u015fandaran ji bo parastina serok pi\u015ft\u00ee ku h\u00eaz\u00ean ewlekar\u00ee t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fbn, l\u00ea di S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de art\u00ea\u015f bi biryar b\u00fb ku rej\u00eem\u00ea bipar\u00eaze.\u201d<\/p>\n
Li vir mirov dikare siyaseta Obama ya derbar\u00ea S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee gi\u015ft\u00ee bi r\u00eaya nirxandina Marc Lynch ya sala 2015an \u015firove bike ku got: \u201cTecrubeya Iraq\u00ea n\u00ear\u00eena r\u00eaveberiya Obama ji bo c\u00eehan\u00ea x\u00eaz kir, lewra Obama dib\u00eene ku tecrubeya Iraq\u00ea bi xwe re karaset an\u00ee ku deriy\u00ean \u00ea\u015f \u00fb azara mirovah\u00ee \u00fb \u015fer\u00ea navxwey\u00ee vekir \u00fb nif\u015fek\u00ee n\u00fb ji c\u00eehad\u00eesta \u00eeslam\u00ee ava kir, herwiha derfet da ku h\u00eaza \u00ceran\u00ea ya her\u00eam\u00ee xurt bibe. Di heman dem\u00ea de, ketina li L\u00eebyay\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee destwerdana le\u015fker\u00ee bi r\u00eaveberiya Amer\u00eekay\u00ea sala 2011an de, n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean Obama pi\u015ftrast kirin ku destwerdan pir k\u00eam caran li gor\u00ee t\u00ea plankirin t\u00ea me\u015fandin.. Lewra ev yek hi\u015ft ku d\u00fbr\u00ee \u00e7irava S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bibe.\u201d (4)<\/p>\n
Tev\u00ee hem\u00fb ti\u015ft\u00ean bor\u00ee, bi hevr\u00fbkirina Obamay\u00ea l\u00eeb\u00ee 2011 bi Obamay\u00ea s\u00fbriyay\u00ee re 2011-2012, li L\u00eebyay\u00ea hevseng\u00ee di navbera opoz\u00eesyona \u00e7ekdar li Bengaz\u00ee \u00fb navbera El-Qezaf\u00ee li Terabl\u00fbsa rojava heb\u00ee ku El-Qezaf\u00ee xurtir b\u00fb, l\u00ea NATOy\u00ea ev hevseng\u00ee \u015fkand. Li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea Amer\u00eekay\u00ea hevseng\u00ee t\u00eak nebirin di navbera rej\u00eem\u00ea \u00fb opoz\u00eesyona \u00e7ekdar\u00ee de \u00a0\u00fb al\u00eegir\u00ean opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea y\u00ean li Enqera, Dewha, Riyad \u00fb Par\u00ees\u00ea ev hevseng\u00ee t\u00eak nebirin bi r\u00eaya day\u00eena \u00e7ek\u00ean li dij balafiran ji opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea re, an j\u00ee day\u00eena \u00e7ek\u00ean p\u00ea\u015fket\u00ee wek\u00ee m\u00fb\u015fek\u00ean TOW y\u00ean li dij tangan. Di \u015fer\u00ean 2015an de li par\u00eazgeha Idlib\u00ea \u00fb her\u00eama Xab\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee ku Riyad\u00ea tev\u00ee neraz\u00eeb\u00fbna Amer\u00eekay\u00ea m\u00fb\u015fek\u00ean TOW dane opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea, ev yek j\u00ee hi\u015ft ku \u015fer\u00ean sala 2015an de li gor\u00ee berjewendiy\u00ean opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea me\u015fiya. Di w\u00ea dem\u00ea de j\u00ee, qutb\u00fbnek navbera Si\u00fbd\u00ee-Amer\u00eekay\u00ea heb\u00fb ji ber peymana nukler\u00ee ya \u00ceran\u00ea, lewra di wan \u015fer\u00ean 2015an de dema ku hevseng\u00ee t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fb \u00fb \u00ead\u00ee rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ber bi t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea b\u00fb, Obama hi\u015ft ku P\u00fbtin destwerdana le\u015fker\u00ee li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bike \u00fb pi\u015ftre j\u00ee pi\u015ft\u00ee w\u00ea bi du meh \u00fb n\u00eevan, P\u00fbtin bi Obama re li ser biryara 2254 (18\/12\/2015) \u00eemze kir.<\/p>\n
Ev yek dide n\u00ee\u015fandan ku peymana amer\u00eekay\u00ee-r\u00fbs\u00ee li ser daxuyaniya Cin\u00eav 1 di 30\u00ee hez\u00eerana 2012an de heye, ku biryar li gel Ko\u015fka Sp\u00ee \u00fb Kremlin\u00ea heb\u00fb li ser avakirina statuyeke s\u00fbriyay\u00ee ava bikin, li ser bingeha \u00e7end xal\u00ean ku her du al\u00ee li ser li hev kirine. Ev statuya hey\u00ee, ku li ser p\u00ea\u015f\u00eegirtina \u00e7areseriyek le\u015fker\u00ee ji bo kr\u00eeza s\u00fbriyay\u00ee \u00fb p\u00ea\u015f\u00eegirtina li ser t\u00eakbirina aliyek\u00ee li hember aliy\u00ea din b\u00fb, ji h\u00eala her du aliyan ve hate ragihandin ku \u00e7areseriyek s\u00fbriyay\u00ee bi r\u00eaya \u201cdesteyek r\u00eaveberiya veguh\u00eaz ku d\u00ea desthilat\u00ean r\u00eaveberiy\u00ea y\u00ean tevah\u00ee bigire ser xwe \u00fb d\u00ea ji hik\u00fbmet \u00fb opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea p\u00eak were\u201d ava bikin. Dema ku hewldan\u00ean ji bo bidestxistina v\u00ea \u00e7areseriy\u00ea di konferans\u00ean Cin\u00eav 2 (2014) \u00fb Cin\u00eav 3 (2016) de t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fbn, ev statuya hey\u00ee hate misogerkirin.<\/p>\n
Obama hewl neda ku v\u00ea statuya s\u00fbriyay\u00ee bi\u015fk\u00eene, dema ku rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea meheke dijwar derbas kir, di navbera 6\u00ea t\u00eermeha 2012an dema ku efserek\u00ee di h\u00eaz\u00ean paraz\u00eavan\u00ean komar\u00ea Menaf Telas ji rej\u00eem\u00ea veqetiya \u00fb bi hevkariya \u00eestixbarata Fransay\u00ea ji \u015eam\u00ea derbas\u00ee Tirkiyay\u00ea b\u00fb \u00fb di navbera 6\u00ea tebaxa 2012an, dema ku serokwez\u00eer\u00ea Riyad Hicab ji rej\u00eem\u00ea veqetiya. Di navbera ev herdu b\u00fbyer\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ee de, teq\u00een di nava \u015faneya aloziy\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb dema ku bi serokatiya serok\u00ea niv\u00eesgeha ewlekariya netewey\u00ee l\u00eewa H\u00ee\u015fam Bextiyar civiyan. Di heman roj\u00ea de, 18\u00ea t\u00eermeh\u00ea, h\u00eaz\u00ean opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea ji Xotay\u00ea \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ee taxa Meyad\u00een kir \u00fb hewl dan ku ji Dareya \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ee ko\u015fka komar\u00ea bikin \u00fb pi\u015ft\u00ee w\u00ea bi rojek\u00ea, tax\u00ean rojhilat\u00ea Heleb\u00ea ketin dest\u00ea opoz\u00eesyona \u00e7ekdar\u00ee \u00fb pi\u015ftre j\u00ee D\u00eara Zor\u00ea kete dest\u00ea opoz\u00eesyona \u00e7ekdar\u00ee. Balk\u00ea\u015f b\u00fb ku \u00ear\u00ee\u015fa mezin a opoz\u00eesyona \u00e7ekdar\u00ee ji Xotay\u00ea ber bi \u015eam\u00ea ve ku heta meh\u00ean daw\u00ee ji sala 2012an dewam kir, bi w\u00ea re j\u00ee Obama \u201cIt\u00eelafa Ni\u015ftiman\u00ee ya S\u00fbriyay\u00ee\u201d wek\u00ee \u201cn\u00fbnertiya rewa ya ji bo gel\u00ea S\u00fbriyay\u00ea\u201d nas kir, herwiha Obama Cebhet El-Nusra xiste l\u00eestey\u00ean r\u00eaxistin\u00ean teror\u00eest \u00fb Washington serpere\u015ftiya civ\u00eena Antalyay\u00ea kir ku t\u00ea de Heyeta Erkan\u00ean Le\u015fker\u00ee ya Opoz\u00eesyona \u00c7ekdar\u00ee bir\u00eaveberiya L\u00eewa Sel\u00eem Idr\u00ees hate avakirin, kir.<\/p>\n
Bi t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna \u00ear\u00ee\u015fa opoz\u00eesyona \u00e7ekdar\u00ee ji bejahiya \u015eam\u00ea ber bi bajar ve, helwesta Amer\u00eekay\u00ea hate guhartin, bi erkdarkirina John Kerry wek\u00ee wez\u00eer\u00ea derve (kan\u00fbna 2013an) pi\u015ft\u00ee ku Hillary Clinton \u00eestifa kir, di heman dem\u00ea de j\u00ee serok\u00ea \u00eestixbarata navend\u00ee ya Amer\u00eekay\u00ea David Petraeus \u00eestifa kir. Ev herdu kes j\u00ee di r\u00eaveberiya Obama de, destek didan bi\u00e7ekkirina opoz\u00eesyona S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bi \u00e7ek\u00ean curbicur.<\/p>\n
Di 13\u00ea adara 2013an de, Amer\u00eeka bi awayek\u00ee e\u015fkere dev ji daxuyaniya Obama ya di 18\u00ea tebaxa 2011an de ya ku digot div\u00ea Be\u015far El-Esed ji desthilatdariy\u00ea derkeve, berda . \u015e\u00eerovekirina amer\u00eekayiyan a daxuyaniya Cin\u00eav 1, derbar\u00ea desteya r\u00eaveberiya veguh\u00eaz ku hik\u00fbmet \u00fb opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea dihew\u00eene, ew b\u00fb ku \u201cDiv\u00ea Be\u015far El-Esed t\u00ea de nebe, an j\u00ee avakirina w\u00ea bi \u00e7\u00fby\u00eena w\u00ee re hevdem be.\u201d Di heman roj\u00ea de, Wez\u00eer\u00ea Kar\u00ea Derve y\u00ea Amer\u00eekay\u00ea Kerry daxuyaniyek da \u00fb t\u00ea de got: \u201cTi\u015ft\u00ea t\u00ea xwestin div\u00ea serok\u00ea S\u00fbriyay\u00ea Be\u015far El-Esed \u00fb opoz\u00eesyona S\u00fbriyay\u00ea li ser maseya dan\u00fbstandin\u00ea bicivin, ji bo avakirina hik\u00fbmeteke veguh\u00eaz di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya biryara Cin\u00eav\u00ea de\u201d (ajansa UPI). Di heman dem\u00ea de, Amer\u00eeka li dij avakirina hik\u00fbmeta demk\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea \u201cIt\u00eelaf\u00ea\u201d ve ji bo bir\u00eavebirina her\u00eam\u00ean di bin serweriya opoz\u00eesyona S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bi destekday\u00eena Tirkiya-Qeter, derket. Ev yek n\u00ee\u015fan dide ku raz\u00eeb\u00fbna Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ji bir\u00eavebirina dosya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea Erdogan ve, bi al\u00eekariya Qeter\u00ea, di heyama pi\u015ft\u00ee daxuyaniya Obama de bi daw\u00ee b\u00fbye.<\/p>\n
Herwiha di 7\u00ea gulana 2013an de, li Mosko di navbera Kerry \u00fb Lavrov de peyman \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb li ser akt\u00eevkirina daxuyaniya Cin\u00eav 1 ya derbar\u00ea S\u00fbriyay\u00ea \u00fb p\u00eakan\u00eena kongreya Cin\u00eav 2 ji bo peydakirian \u00e7areseriy\u00ea. Ev yek j\u00ee li dij siyaseta \u201cIt\u00eelaf\u00ea\u201d ya ku ji aliy\u00ea Enqera \u00fb Dewhay\u00ea ve dihate redkirin \u00fb \u00e7areseriya daxuyaniya Cin\u00eav\u00ea red dikirin \u00fb li ser silogana xwe ya r\u00fbxandina rej\u00eem\u00ea bi israr b\u00fbn. D heman dem\u00ea de j\u00ee, n\u00ee\u015faney\u00ean guhartina helwesta Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ji \u00eeslam\u00eest\u00ean Ixwan Muslim\u00een derketin hol\u00ea, ku Washington hi\u015ft Ixwan Muslim\u00een li T\u00fbnis\u00ea sala 2011an \u00fb Misir\u00ea sala 2012an bigih\u00eajin desthilatdariy\u00ea. L\u00ea di 3\u00ea t\u00eermeha 2013an de, r\u00eaveberiya Obama li dij derbeya le\u015fker\u00ee ya Misir\u00ea ya ku ji aliy\u00ea Wez\u00eer\u00ea Parastin\u00ea y\u00ea Misir\u00ea Ebdulfetah El-S\u00ees\u00ee ji bo t\u00eakbirina desthilatdariya \u00eeslam\u00eest\u00ean misir\u00ee, derneket. Bi v\u00ea yek\u00ea re j\u00ee aloziya Tirkiya \u00fb Amer\u00eekay\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb \u00fb bandora xwe li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea kir. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, aliy\u00ean n\u00eaz\u00ee serokkomar\u00ea Tirkiyay\u00ea Amer\u00eeka tawanbar dikin ku kete nava hewldana derbeya 15\u00ea t\u00eermeha 2016an ya li dij Erdogan.<\/p>\n
Di sala 2014an de, bi t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna konferansa Cin\u00eav 2 pi\u015ft\u00ee destp\u00eakirina kr\u00eeza Ukraynay\u00ea (sibat \u00fb adar) \u00fb tawanbarkirina r\u00fbsan ji aliy\u00ea amer\u00eekayiyan ve bi wan xwep\u00ea\u015fandan\u00ean ku serok\u00ea Ukraynay\u00ea y\u00ea al\u00eegir\u00ea Moskoway\u00ea ji ser desthilat\u00ea av\u00eatin \u00fb dagirkirina Qirim\u00ea ya ji aliy\u00ea R\u00fbsyay\u00ea ve, e\u015fkere b\u00fb ku r\u00eakeftin\u00ean amer\u00eekay\u00ee-r\u00fbsyay\u00ee y\u00ean ku bi peymana \u00e7ek\u00ean k\u00eemyew\u00ee y\u00ean S\u00fbriyay\u00ea dest p\u00ea kirin ji bo avakirina hik\u00fbmetek veguh\u00eaz, ku xet\u00ean w\u00ea bi hevkariya n\u00fbner\u00ea navnetewey\u00ee El-Exder El-Brah\u00eem\u00ee hatib\u00fbn dan\u00een, ji ber nakokiya Ukraynay\u00ea ya di navbera Washington \u00fb Moskoy\u00ea de hilwe\u015fiyane. Ev yek b\u00fb sedema \u00eestifaya El-Exder El-Brah\u00eem\u00ee di gulana 2014an de, ku plan\u00ean pa\u015fxistina hilbijartin\u00ean serokatiya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di hez\u00eeran\u00ea de \u00fb avakirina hik\u00fbmetek veguh\u00eaz ji bo du salan serokatiya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, bi hik\u00fbmetek hevbe\u015f di navbera hik\u00fbmet \u00fb opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea de, p\u00ea\u015f dixist.<\/p>\n
Pi\u015ftre pi\u015ft\u00ee ketina M\u00fbsil\u00ea di 10\u00ea \u0627ez\u00eerana 2014an de, DAI\u015e derket hol\u00ea \u00fb berfirehb\u00fbna w\u00ea li Iraq \u00fb S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, da ku Amer\u00eeka bikaribe bal\u00ea biki\u015f\u00eene ser DAI\u015e\u00ea. Ev yek b\u00fb sedema n\u00eaz\u00eekb\u00fbneke Amer\u00eek\u00ee-\u00ceran\u00ee ku bi r\u00eaya peymana avakirina “H\u00eaz\u00ean He\u015fd El-\u015eeb\u00ee” ji bo \u015fer\u00ea li dij\u00ee DAI\u015e\u00ea \u00fb bi lezandina peymana nukler\u00ee ya bi \u00ceran\u00ea re, ku di 14\u00ea t\u00eermeha 2015an de hat \u00eemzekirin, li Iraq\u00ea j\u00ee hate wergerandin. Ji ber ku x\u00eaz\u00ean w\u00ea peyman\u00ea hatib\u00fbn \u00e7\u00eakirin, ev yek bi veqetandina Riyad\u00ea ji amer\u00eekayiyan re li ser dosyaya kampanyaya le\u015fker\u00ee ya Si\u00fbd\u00ee li Yemen\u00ea (26\u00ea adara 2015an) \u00fb li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea re p\u00eak hat. Ev yek peymaneke k\u00eam d\u00eet\u00ee di navbera Si\u00fbd\u00ee \u00fb tirkan de \u00e7\u00eakir, ku ev j\u00ee b\u00fb sponsorkirina kontrola opoz\u00eesyona \u00e7ekdar a li ser Par\u00eazgeha \u00cedlib\u00ea \u00fb her\u00eama El-Xab di bihar \u00fb hav\u00eena 2015an de \u00fb be\u015fek ji r\u00eaya \u015eam-Hums\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea fraksiyona \u201cArt\u00ea\u015fa \u00ceslam\u00ea\u00ad\u201d ya ku ji aliy\u00ea Si\u00fbd\u00ee ve t\u00ea pi\u015ftgir\u00eekirin li gundewar\u00ean \u015eam\u00ea.<\/p>\n
N\u00eaz\u00eekb\u00fbna hilwe\u015f\u00eena rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di encama van \u00ear\u00ee\u015fan de b\u00fb sedema pejirandina destwerdana le\u015fker\u00ee ya R\u00fbsyay\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea Obama ve di 30\u00ea \u00celona 2015an de. Pa\u015f\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan hene ku General Qasim Sil\u00eaman\u00ee yekem kes b\u00fb ku di serdana xwe ya Moskoy\u00ea de, \u00e7end hefte pi\u015ft\u00ee peymana navok\u00ee ya \u00ceran\u00ea bi amer\u00eekayiyan re, ev destwerdan p\u00ea\u015fniyar kir. Guman e ku civ\u00eena di navbera Obama, Putin \u00fb Xameney\u00ee de di sala 2015an de ji bo p\u00ea\u015f\u00eegirtina li hilwe\u015f\u00eena rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ji ber w\u00ea hesab\u00ea derketiye hol\u00ea ku DAI\u015e, ku h\u00eaza w\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee ketina M\u00fbsil\u00ea gelek caran z\u00eade b\u00fbb\u00fb, d\u00ea ji hilwe\u015f\u00eena Be\u015far El-Esed serket\u00eetir\u00een li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea be. DAI\u015e, ku heta hav\u00eena 2015an tevahiya \u00c7em\u00ea Firat\u00ea y\u00ea S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, Menb\u00ee\u00e7 \u00fb El-Bab\u00ea kontrol dikir \u00fb li gundewar\u00ean rojhilat\u00ea Hums\u00ea \u00fb li tax\u00ean \u015eam\u00ea heb\u00fbn, encama her\u00ee muhtemel b\u00fb. \u015eer\u00ea li dij\u00ee DAI\u015e\u00ea, ku bi \u015eer\u00ea Koban\u00ee (\u00eelon 2014-\u00e7ile 2015) dest p\u00ea kir, b\u00fb sedema t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna yekem a DAI\u015e\u00ea li hember Yek\u00eeney\u00ean Parastina Gel (YPG) \u00fb Yek\u00eeney\u00ean Parastina Jinan (YPJ). Pa\u015f\u00ea van h\u00eazan, ligel formasyon\u00ean din \u00ean le\u015fker\u00ee, H\u00eaz\u00ean S\u00fbriyaya Demokrat\u00eek (HSD) ava kirin, ku ew tekane h\u00eaza s\u00fbriyay\u00ee b\u00fb ku bi pi\u015ftgiriya Hevpeymaniya Navnetewey\u00ee ya li Dij\u00ee DAI\u015e\u00ea \u015fer kir heta ku ew di \u015eer\u00ea Baxoz de (sibat-adar 2019) ji keleha xwe ya daw\u00ee ya may\u00ee hate derxistin. Pi\u015ftre DAI\u015e b\u00fb h\u00eazek mob\u00eel li her\u00eama Badiya ku di navbera S\u00fbriya \u00fb Iraq\u00ea de dir\u00eaj dibe.<\/p>\n
Di kevne\u015fopiya devk\u00ee ya opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea de, agah\u00ee belav b\u00fbne (heta niha, pi\u015ft\u00ee yanzdeh salan, ne pi\u015ftrastkir\u00ee) ku bombebarankirina civ\u00eena \u015e\u00fbra ya Tevgera Ehrar El-\u015eam di 9\u00ea \u00eelona 2014an de, ji ber xwesteka serokatiya w\u00ea, di nav de serok\u00ea w\u00ea Hesen Eb\u00fbd, ji bo be\u015fdarb\u00fbna di hewldana navnetewey\u00ee ya \u015fer\u00ea li dij\u00ee DAI\u015e\u00ea de b\u00fb. Raport belav b\u00fbn ku bombebaran ji h\u00eala DAI\u015e\u00ea ve hatiye organ\u00eezekirin. Ehrar El-\u015eam h\u00eaza sereke di nav kom\u00ean \u00e7ekdar \u00ean opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea y\u00ean \u00ceslam\u00ee de b\u00fb ku di \u015fer\u00ean ku di \u00e7ileya 2014an de qewim\u00een de DAI\u015e\u00ea ji par\u00eazgeha \u00cedlib\u00ea derxist. DAI\u015e\u00ea herwiha berpirsiyariya ku\u015ftina Eb\u00fb Xalid El-S\u00fbr\u00ee – Mihemed Bahaya, yek ji damezr\u00eener\u00ean Ehrar El-\u015eam – di sibata 2014an de di teq\u00eeneke xwekuj\u00ee de li Heleb\u00ea- girt ser xwe.<\/p>\n
Ne b\u00ea gir\u00eeng\u00ee ye ku Ehrar El-\u015eam, mehek beriya bombebaran\u00ea, \u00een\u00eesiyat\u00eefa \u201cWatasimu\u201d ji bo yekkirin an j\u00ee komkirina fraksiyonan di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyek yekane de pi\u015ftgir\u00ee kirib\u00fb. \u00censiyat\u00eef ji h\u00eala Eniya \u015eore\u015fger\u00ean S\u00fbriyay\u00ea \u00fb Tevgera Hazm ve hatib\u00fb \u00eemzekirin, ku her du j\u00ee bi Washington\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ne. Di nav niv\u00eesan de, ten\u00ea niv\u00eesa ku sedem\u00ean gengaz \u00ean v\u00ea r\u00ea\u00e7a bombebaran\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan dide ji h\u00eala Ehmed Abazid ve hatiye niv\u00eesandin, ku diyar kiriye ku bombebaran \u201cdi civ\u00eenek\u00ea de p\u00eak hat, ya yekem a bi mezinahiya xwe di nav S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de \u00fb ya her\u00ee gir\u00eeng di d\u00eeroka tevger\u00ea de, ji bo n\u00eeqa\u015fkirina hevpeymaniy\u00ean p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea (bi taybet\u00ee bi \u00een\u00eesiyat\u00eefa Watasimu \u00fb helwesta li ser plana Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ya l\u00eadana DAI\u015e\u00ea).\u201d<\/p>\n
Her kes\u00ea ku xala wer\u00e7erx\u00ea ya \u00eelona 2014an, dema ku \u015fer\u00ea navnetewey\u00ee li dij\u00ee DAI\u015e\u00ea li S\u00fbriya \u00fb Iraq\u00ea dest p\u00ea kir, l\u00eakol\u00een bike, d\u00ea bib\u00eene ku neb\u00fbna hevkariy\u00ea di navbera opoz\u00easyona \u00e7ekdar a \u00eeslam\u00ee ya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, tev\u00ee \u201ckoal\u00eesyon\u00ea\u201d \u00fb amer\u00eekayiyan li dij\u00ee DAI\u015e\u00ea de wan di rew\u015fek qels de hi\u015ft \u00fb bi k\u00eamb\u00fbna desthilatdariy\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb man. Di v\u00ea navber\u00ea de, Yek\u00eeney\u00ean Parastina Gel (YPG) – pa\u015f\u00ea H\u00eaz\u00ean S\u00fbriyaya Demokrat\u00eek- bi saya al\u00eekariya Washington\u00ea li dij DAI\u015e\u00ea xurt b\u00fbn, ji ber ku ew tekane h\u00eaza S\u00fbriyay\u00ea b\u00fbn ku Hevpeymaniya Navnetewey\u00ee p\u00ea re hevkar\u00ee dikir. Bi \u00eeht\u00eemaleke mezin \u00fb ev yek di heman dem\u00ea de qewim\u00ee, belavb\u00fbna xurt a DAI\u015e\u00ea li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di navbera sal\u00ean 2014 \u00fb 2015an de yek ji faktor\u00ean sereke b\u00fb (l\u00ea ne hem\u00ee wan) ku di serdema pi\u015ft\u00ee destwerdana le\u015fker\u00ee ya R\u00fbsyay\u00ea li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea (30\u00ea \u00eelona 2015an) de b\u00fb sedema x\u00eazkirina w\u00eaneyek parvekirina bandor\u00ea di navbera bandora Amer\u00eekay\u00ea li rojhilat\u00ea Firat\u00ea (\u00fb her\u00eama El-Tanf) \u00fb bandora R\u00fbsyay\u00ea li rojavay\u00ea Firat\u00ea de. Pi\u015ftre hevkariya pa\u015f\u00ea di navbera r\u00fbs \u00fb tirkan de ji bo avakirina her\u00eameke Tirkiyay\u00ea li bakur hat. Ev yek pi\u015ft\u00ee n\u00eaz\u00eekb\u00fbna di navbera Erdogan \u00fb Putin de di meha pi\u015ft\u00ee hewldana darbeya t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fby\u00ee ya 15\u00ea t\u00eermeha 2016an a li dij serokkomar\u00ea Tirkiyay\u00ea de dest p\u00ea kir, ku pi\u015ft\u00ee w\u00ea rayedar\u00ean tirk Washington bi be\u015fdarb\u00fbn\u00ea tawanbar kirin. Di v\u00ea navber\u00ea de, r\u00fbs, amer\u00eekay\u00ee \u00fb tirk li ser bandora \u00ceran\u00ea li rojavay\u00ea Firat\u00ea di navbera Elb\u00fbkemal \u00fb D\u00eara Zor\u00ea de \u00fb li her\u00eama s\u00eenor\u00ea Lubnan-S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ya ji Quseyr heta Zebedaniy\u00ea dir\u00eaj dibe b\u00eadeng man. Ev yek bi prat\u00eek\u00ee ji sala 2015an heta k\u00ealiya hilwe\u015f\u00eena rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di 8\u00ea kan\u00fbna p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a 2024an de berdewam kir.<\/p>\n
Di 21\u00ea cotmeha 2015an de, DW lihevkirinek amer\u00eekay\u00ee-r\u00fbs\u00ee e\u015fkere kir da ku r\u00ea li ber pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean di navbera balafir\u00ean her du welatan de li ser S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bigirin. Wiha dixuye ku avakirina baregeha Hmeymim a r\u00fbs\u00ee li hev hatiye kirin, ku sala din baregeheke Amer\u00eekay\u00ee li El-Tanf\u00ea \u00fb pa\u015f\u00ea j\u00ee baregeh\u00ean amer\u00eekay\u00ee li rojhilat\u00ea Firat\u00ea bihata avakirin. Ev yek ji bil\u00ee b\u00eadengiya r\u00fbsan \u00fb rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea li ser bi sedan \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ean \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea y\u00ean li ser h\u00eaz\u00ean \u00ceran\u00ee an j\u00ee y\u00ean al\u00eegir\u00ea \u00ceran\u00ea li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di navbera sal\u00ean 2015 \u00fb 2024an de b\u00fb.<\/p>\n
Bi t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna konferansa Cin\u00eav 2 pi\u015ft\u00ee destp\u00eakirina kr\u00eeza Ukraynay\u00ea \u00fb dagirkirina Qirim\u00ea di adara 2014an de, General Martin Dempsey, Serok\u00ea Serfermandariya Hevbe\u015f a Dewlet\u00ean Yekb\u00fby\u00ee y\u00ean Amer\u00eekay\u00ea, daxuyaniyek da \u00fb got ku \u201c\u00e7areserkirina pirsgir\u00eaka S\u00fbriyay\u00ea dikare deh salan bidome\u201d (Rojnameya El-Axbar, 7\u00ea n\u00eesana 2014an). Ev p\u00ea\u015fgotinek b\u00fb ji bo ramana n\u00fb ya amer\u00eekay\u00ee di derbar\u00ea dan\u00eena S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di rew\u015fek \u201cr\u00eavebirina kr\u00eez\u00ea\u201d an j\u00ee ne\u00e7areseriy\u00ea de. Pa\u015f\u00ea di hav\u00eena 2014an de derketina DAI\u015e\u00ea hat hol\u00ea, ev raman xurt kir ji ber ku Washington ji Be\u015far El-Esed ber bi Eb\u00fb Bekir Bexdad\u00ee ve \u00e7\u00fb, ku di navbera hav\u00een\u00ean 2014 \u00fb 2015an de, her\u00eamek ji axa Iraq \u00fb S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bi qas\u00ee Br\u00eetanyay\u00ea kontrol dikir.<\/p>\n
Lihevhatina \u00ceran-Amer\u00eeka li dij DAI\u015e\u00ea li Iraq\u00ea peymana nukler\u00ee lez kir. \u00ceht\u00eemala hilwe\u015f\u00eena rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di bihar \u00fb hav\u00eena 2015an de, li hember p\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean Art\u00ea\u015fa Fetih\u00ea li Par\u00eazgeha \u00cedlib\u00ea \u00fb her\u00eama El-Xab, digel Art\u00ea\u015fa \u00ceslam\u00ea, ku r\u00eaya \u015eam-Hums\u00ea li Adray\u00ea qut kir, b\u00fb sedem ku Washington, Mosko \u00fb Tehran ji bo p\u00ea\u015f\u00eegirtina li hilwe\u015f\u00eena Be\u015far El-Esed bibin yek. Her \u00e7end pi\u015ft\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea biryara 2254 \u00fb Konferansa Cin\u00eav 3 (\u00e7ile-n\u00eesan 2016) hat day\u00een, bi n\u00ee\u015fan\u00ean ku ji h\u00eala amer\u00eekay\u00ee \u00fb r\u00fbsan ve niyeta wan a hevpar ji bo ferzkirina \u00e7areseriyek li ser hik\u00fbmet \u00fb opoz\u00eesyon\u00ea heb\u00fb, l\u00ea be\u015fdarneb\u00fbna Riad Hicab di konferans\u00ea de, ku ji h\u00eala Erdogan ve hatib\u00fb te\u015fw\u00eeqkirin, ku w\u00ea dem\u00ea bi Obama \u00fb Putin re di nakokiy\u00ea de b\u00fb, b\u00fb sedem ku Washington \u00fb Mosko ji pay\u00eeza 2016an vir ve r\u00eaveberiya kr\u00eeza S\u00fbriyey\u00ea bidin p\u00ea\u015fan\u00ee.<\/p>\n
Ev yek bi r\u00eakeftineke hevr\u00eaziya ewlehiy\u00ea ya di navbera wan de li ser S\u00fbriyay\u00ea re hevdem b\u00fb, ku Pentagon li dij daxwaza Wez\u00eer\u00ea Derve John Kerry, ku di \u00eelon\u00ea de bi Sergey Lavrov re peyman \u00eemze kir, t\u00eak bir. Ev bi dabe\u015fkirina bandor\u00ea re hat, ku bi s\u00eenor\u00ean erdn\u00eegar\u00ee y\u00ean zelal di navbera r\u00fbs, amer\u00eekay\u00ee \u00fb tirkan de di destp\u00eaka sala 2016an de e\u015fkere b\u00fb.<\/p>\n
Di 29\u00ea \u00celona 2016an de, C\u00eegir\u00ea Wez\u00eer\u00ea Derve y\u00ea Dewlet\u00ean Yekb\u00fby\u00ee y\u00ean Amer\u00eekay\u00ea Antony Blinken li ber Kom\u00eeteya T\u00eakiliy\u00ean Derve ya Senatoya Amer\u00eekay\u00ea daxuyaniya j\u00ear\u00een da: \u201cR\u00fbs nikarin li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bi ser bikevin; ten\u00ea ew dikarin r\u00ea li ber hilwe\u015f\u00eena rej\u00eem\u00ea bigirin.\u201d<\/p>\n
Ev bi bandor qeb\u00fblkirinek amer\u00eekay\u00ee b\u00fb di dawiya r\u00eaveberiya Obama de ku statuya hey\u00ee ya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, ku t\u00ea wateya dabe\u015fkirina bandora erdn\u00eegar\u00ee li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, d\u00ea ji her kes\u00ea ku di hilbijartin\u00ean serokatiya Amer\u00eekay\u00ea de pi\u015ft\u00ee mehek\u00ea bi ser bikeve re were veguhastin. Wiha dixuye ku ti\u015ft\u00ea ku Blinken j\u00ea re digot “Plana B” li S\u00fbriyey\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna siyaseta Obama ya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ji daxuyaniya w\u00ee ya 18\u00ea tebaxa 2011an a derbar\u00ea “\u00e7\u00fby\u00eena El-Esed” \u00fb t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna w\u00ee ya lihevkirinek S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bi r\u00fbsan re ji sala 2013an vir ve hat.<\/p>\n
Di meha daw\u00ee ya 2017an de, niv\u00eesa “Stratejiya Ewlekariya Netewey\u00ee ya Dewlet\u00ean Yekb\u00fby\u00ee” bi p\u00ea\u015fgotinek ji h\u00eala Serok Donald Trump ve hate we\u015fandin.<\/p>\n
Ev niv\u00ees guhertinek di kompleksa le\u015fker\u00ee-ewlehiy\u00ea de (ango Wezareta Parastin\u00ea, Pentagon \u00fb ajans\u00ean \u00eest\u00eexbarat\u00ea) e\u015fkere dike, ku biryar dide an j\u00ee di destn\u00ee\u015fankirina pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean ewlehiya netewey\u00ee y\u00ean Amer\u00eekay\u00ea de ya her\u00ee bih\u00eaz e, ji siyaseta amer\u00eekay\u00ee ya ku ji sala 1971\u00ea vir ve bi Henry Kissinger re ji bo veqetandina r\u00fbs \u00fb \u00e7\u00een\u00ee \u00fb astengkirina hevd\u00eetina wan t\u00ea \u015fopandin, wek\u00ee ku di \u015eer\u00ea Korey\u00ea y\u00ea 1950-1953yan de di navbera Stal\u00een \u00fb Mao Zedong de qewim\u00ee. Niv\u00eesa 2017an \u00c7\u00een \u00fb R\u00fbsyay\u00ea di nav h\u00eaz\u00ean ku bi hev re gef\u00ea li ewlehiya netewey\u00ee ya Amer\u00eekay\u00ea dixwin de cih digire, her \u00e7end \u00c7\u00een wek\u00ee gefa sereke were hesibandin j\u00ee. Di c\u00eehana devk\u00ee ya opoz\u00eesyona S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de, Kom\u00eesyona Dan\u00fbstandin\u00ean S\u00fbriy\u00ea (SNC) di dema r\u00eaveberiya Trump de di sala 2019an de hate agahdarkirin ku Pentagon berpirsiyar\u00ea dosyaya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ye. Di 12\u00ea gulana 2019an de, N\u00fbner\u00ea Serokatiya Amer\u00eekay\u00ea y\u00ea li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea James Jeffrey (2018-2020) daxuyaniyek da \u00fb t\u00ea de got, “Erka min ew e ku bi girtina r\u00eazetedb\u00eeran ji bo r\u00eagirtina li vegera rew\u015fa normal bo dever\u00ean di bin kontrola rej\u00eem\u00ea de, S\u00fbriya bikim \u00e7ol\u00eak ji bo r\u00fbsan \u00fb ji bo provokekirina kr\u00eez\u00ean n\u00fb, bi v\u00ee away\u00ee S\u00fbriya ji kartekek\u00ea veguher\u00eenim barek\u00ee ji bo Mosko \u00fb Tehran\u00ea” (Jonathan Spyer, “Trump’s Syria Policy Is Working,” Foreign Policy, 1\u00ea t\u00eermeha 2020).<\/p>\n
Ev ew ti\u015ft e ku Jeffrey \u00e7end meh ber\u00ee w\u00ea daxuyaniya gi\u015ft\u00ee ji kesayet\u00ean opoz\u00eesyona S\u00fbriyay\u00ea re agahdar kirib\u00fb. Bic\u00eehan\u00eena Qan\u00fbna Qeyser di 17\u00ea hez\u00eerana 2020\u00ee de, ten\u00ea dikare bibe nex\u015fer\u00eayek, an j\u00ee r\u00eayek, ji bo \u015fekildana v\u00ea “\u00e7irav\u00ea”.<\/p>\n
Pa\u015fxaneya v\u00ea siyaseta n\u00fb ya amer\u00eekay\u00ee li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea dikare bi meyla Trump a ber bi r\u00fbbir\u00fbb\u00fbna bi Tehran\u00ea re ji dema veki\u015f\u00eena w\u00ee ya 2018an ji peymana nukler\u00ee ya bi \u00ceran\u00ea re, n\u00eaz\u00eekb\u00fbna z\u00eade ya Putin bi \u00c7\u00een\u00ea re, \u00fb n\u00ee\u015fan\u00ean derketina hol\u00ea y\u00ean eksena \u00c7\u00een-R\u00fbs-\u00ceran\u00ea ya mezinb\u00fby\u00ee ku di 2017an de dest p\u00ea kir, bi \u015fer\u00ea Ukraynay\u00ea di 2022yan de zelal b\u00fb, were ravekirin. Bi tevay\u00ee, daxuyaniya James Jeffrey qutb\u00fbnek ji pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean lihevkirin\u00ea y\u00ean Obama bi r\u00fbs \u00fb \u00eeraniyan re tems\u00eel dikir, ku r\u00ea li ber hilwe\u015f\u00eena Be\u015far Esed di 2015an de girt, b\u00fb sedema destwerdana le\u015fker\u00ee ya R\u00fbsyay\u00ea li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea \u00fb pa\u015f\u00ea b\u00fb sedema dabe\u015fkirina bandora erdn\u00eegar\u00ee ya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea. L\u00eabel\u00ea, xuya ye ku aloziy\u00ean pi\u015ftre y\u00ean Amer\u00eekay\u00ea bi r\u00fbs \u00fb \u00eeraniyan re, Amer\u00eeka te\u015fw\u00eeq kirine ku S\u00fbriyay\u00ea veguher\u00eenin “\u00e7iravek bo R\u00fbsyay\u00ea” \u00fb bi “astengkirina vegera rew\u015fa normal bo dever\u00ean di bin kontrola rej\u00eem\u00ea de” veguher\u00eenin “barek\u00ee li ser Moskow \u00fb Tehran\u00ea”.<\/p>\n
Ev siyaseta Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ya li hember S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bi windakirina Trump di hilbijartin\u00ean serokatiy\u00ea y\u00ean Amer\u00eekay\u00ea y\u00ean 2020\u00ee \u00fb hilbijartina Joe Biden re neqediya. Rast e ku di navbera N\u00eesana 2021\u00ea \u00fb tebaxa 2022yan de, dan\u00fbstandin\u00ean Amer\u00eekay\u00ea \u00fb \u00ceran\u00ea li Viyanay\u00ea p\u00eak hatin da ku peymana nukler\u00ee ya \u00ceran\u00ea vej\u00eenin. L\u00eabel\u00ea, \u015fer\u00ea Ukraynay\u00ea ji 24\u00ea sibata 2022yan vir ve, ku t\u00ea de \u00ceran\u00ea dron \u00fb m\u00fb\u015fek\u00ean bal\u00eest\u00eek da r\u00fbsan \u00fb gava Biden ji bo p\u00eakan\u00eena daxuyaniya Serokwez\u00eer\u00ea Br\u00eetanyay\u00ea Boris Johnson a li ser Putin li Meclisa Avam \u00e7ar roj pi\u015ft\u00ee dagirkirina Ukraynay\u00ea: \u201cDiv\u00ea ew li Ukraynay\u00ea t\u00eak bi\u00e7e,” Rojavaya Amer\u00eekay\u00ea \u00fb Ewropay\u00ea te\u015fw\u00eeq kiriye ku Ukraynay\u00ea veguher\u00eenin \u00e7iravek bo R\u00fbsyay\u00ea, paralel bi \u00e7iraveke R\u00fbsya-S\u00fbriyay\u00ea. Ev yek n\u00ee\u015fan da ku, \u00e7awa ku Ukrayna bi pi\u015ftgiriya \u00c7\u00een \u00fb \u00ceran\u00ea ji bo Putin qadeke r\u00fbbir\u00fbb\u00fbn\u00ea b\u00fb di navbera Ko\u015fka Sp\u00ee \u00fb Kremlin\u00ea de, S\u00fbriya j\u00ee qadeke r\u00fbbir\u00fbb\u00fbna amer\u00eekay\u00ee bi r\u00fbs \u00fb \u00eeraniyan re b\u00fb, wek\u00ee ku Jeffrey li ser “veguherandina S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ji kartek bo barek\u00ee li ser Mosko \u00fb Tehran\u00ea” diyar kir. Di prat\u00eek\u00ea de, \u00e7awa ku di sala 2014an de, dema ku kr\u00eeza Ukraynay\u00ea b\u00fb sedema hilwe\u015f\u00eena peymana \u00e7ek\u00ean k\u00eemyew\u00ee y\u00ean S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di navbera Mosko \u00fb Washington\u00ea de di pay\u00eeza 2013an de, di navbera K\u00eeev \u00fb \u015eam\u00ea de t\u00eakiliyek heb\u00fb, ku ne ten\u00ea radestkirina \u00e7ek\u00ean k\u00eemyew\u00ee li gor\u00ee biryara 2118, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de p\u00eakan\u00eena Daxuyaniya Cin\u00eav\u00ea bi avakirina desteyeke r\u00eaveberiya veguh\u00eaz ji bo du salan \u00fb pa\u015fxistina hilbijartin\u00ean serokatiy\u00ea y\u00ean ku ji bo hez\u00eerana 2014an hatine plankirin, di nav xwe de digirt, \u015fer\u00ea Ukraynay\u00ea di sala 2022yan de sotemeniyek n\u00fb da siyaseta amer\u00eekay\u00ee ya ku S\u00fbriyay\u00ea dike barek li ser Mosko \u00fb Tehran\u00ea. Ev yek neb\u00fbna pi\u015ftgiriya Washington\u00ea ji bo \u00een\u00eesiyat\u00eefa ereb\u00ee ya ku ji h\u00eala Urdun \u00fb \u00cemarat\u00ea ve di sala 2021\u00ea de hatiye destp\u00eakirin, rave dike. Ev tev\u00ee w\u00ea rastiy\u00ea ye ku amer\u00eekayiyan dest\u00fbr dan paytext\u00ean Urdun \u00fb \u00cemarat\u00ea ku hewl bidin Be\u015far El-Esed raz\u00ee bikin ku r\u00eabazek “gav bi gav” ji bo \u00e7areserkirina kr\u00eeza S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bigire. Ev bi h\u00eaviya \u00e7areserkirina pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean kaptagon, penaberan \u00fb heb\u00fbna le\u015fker\u00ee ya \u00eeran\u00ee an al\u00eegir\u00ea Tehran\u00ea li ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea S\u00fbriyay\u00ea b\u00fb – ku hem\u00ee pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean ku urduniyan, digel welat\u00ean Kendav\u00ea, aciz dikirin b\u00fbn. Tev\u00ee ku S\u00fbriya di L\u00fbtkeya Ereb\u00ee ya li Cidey\u00ea di gulana 2023yan de vegeriya cih\u00ea xwe di L\u00eega Ereb\u00ee de, t\u00eakiliy\u00ean ereb\u00ee ne vegeriyane rew\u015fa xwe ya normal a ber\u00ee 2011an. Kaptagon, penaber, \u00fb bandora Xameney\u00ee ne ten\u00ea li ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de li qesra serokatiy\u00ea ya li \u015eam\u00ea j\u00ee dim\u00eenin. Di 7\u00ea cotmeha 2023yan de, d\u00eemenek n\u00fb ya Rojhilata Nav\u00een \u00fb dibe ku gerd\u00fbn\u00ee, dest p\u00ea kir bi Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ku bi e\u015fkerey\u00ee siyaseta veki\u015f\u00eena Obama ji Rojhilata Nav\u00een terikand, ku t\u00ea de peymanek bi P\u00fbt\u00een \u00fb Xameney\u00ee re li ser bandora wan li Rojhilata Nav\u00een heb\u00fb. Washington\u00ea hewl da ku encam\u00ean her du \u015fer\u00ean li Xeza \u00fb Lubnan\u00ea, ku di 7\u00ea cotmeh\u00ea de \u00e7\u00eakir \u00fb pa\u015f\u00ea hilwe\u015fandina Be\u015far El-Esed, bi kar b\u00eene da ku bandora \u00ceran\u00ea li her\u00eam\u00ea ji hol\u00ea rake, nemaze bi zan\u00eena w\u00ea ku eksena Tehran\u00ea b\u00eay\u00ee pira s\u00fbriyay\u00ee li ser r\u00eaya Tehran-Bexda-\u015eam-bajar\u00ea ba\u015f\u00fbr-Xezay\u00ea berdewam nake \u00fb li ser p\u00eayan nam\u00eene. Ku\u015ftina Hesen Nesralah \u00fb Yehya Sinwar t\u00ear\u00ea nake; div\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee wan hilwe\u015fandina Be\u015far El-Esed were kirin, ku ev yek di 27\u00ea \u00eelon, 16\u00ea cotmeh\u00ea \u00fb 8\u00ea kan\u00fbna p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a 2024an de bi ser\u00ea her s\u00eayan de hat.<\/p>\n
Dibe ku amer\u00eekay\u00ee f\u00eam bikin ku, \u00e7awa ku 8\u00ea kan\u00fbna p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a 2024an a s\u00fbriyay\u00ee derbeyek \u00ea\u015fdar \u00fb dibe ku kujer li eksena \u00ceran\u00ea da, w\u00ea derbeyek w\u00earanker li bandora c\u00eehan\u00ee ya R\u00fbsyay\u00ea j\u00ee da. R\u00fbsya di sala 2015an de bi destwerdana xwe ya le\u015fker\u00ee li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea b\u00fb h\u00eazek c\u00eehan\u00ee, l\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee derketin \u00fb jidayikb\u00fbna xwe ji hilwe\u015f\u00eena Yek\u00eetiya Sovyet\u00ea di sala 1991\u00ea de, ew ji h\u00eazek her\u00eam\u00ee ya sereke hindiktir b\u00fb. Pi\u015ft\u00ee ku di sala 2000\u00ee de ji bir\u00eena xwe ya \u00c7e\u00e7enistan\u00ea ba\u015f b\u00fb, an j\u00ee qet nebe w\u00ea aram kir, hewl da ku axa xwe berfireh bike da ku bandora xwe li Gurcistan\u00ea di sala 2008an de \u00fb li Ukraynay\u00ea di sala 2014an de ferz bike \u00fb d\u00fb re j\u00ee hewl da ku Ukraynay\u00ea di sala 2022yan de bixwe.<\/p>\n
Pirsa mezin a vekir\u00ee ev e: \u00c7ima Washington\u00ea, bi al\u00eekariya Enqeray\u00ea \u00fb b\u00eay\u00ee er\u00eakirina Tileb\u00eeb\u00ea, h\u00eazek hilbijart? Komeke le\u015fker\u00ee ya opoz\u00eesyona S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ya bi nav\u00ea “Heyet Tahr\u00eer El-\u015eam” ji bo hilwe\u015fandina Be\u015far El-Esed \u00fb ji bo destp\u00eakirina p\u00eavajoya hilwe\u015fandina w\u00ee di 27\u00ea mijdar\u00ea de, roja ku agirbesta di navbera \u00cesra\u00eel \u00fb Hizbulah\u00ea de li Lubnan\u00ea dest p\u00ea kir? Bi \u00eeht\u00eemaleke mezin, her kes\u00ea ku li Washington\u00ea biryara hilwe\u015fandina Be\u015far El-Esed daye, ji wateya daxuyaniya Patrick Seale haydar e: “Her kes\u00ea ku Rojhilata Nav\u00een bi r\u00ea ve dibe, div\u00ea S\u00fbriyay\u00ea kontrol bike” (The Struggle for Syria, Dar al-Anwar, Beyr\u00fbt 1968, r. 14), \u00fb ku Rojhilata Nav\u00een dil\u00ea c\u00eehan\u00ea ye, wek\u00ee de Gaulle gotiye. Ew bi \u00eehtimaleke mezin dizane ku bi hilwe\u015fandina Be\u015far El-Esed, wek\u00ee derbeyek ducar\u00ee li ser Tehran \u00fb Moskoy\u00ea, ew ber bi siyaseteke n\u00fb ya amer\u00eekay\u00ee li Rojhilata Nav\u00een ve di\u00e7e. Ev yek dev ji siyaseta Washington\u00ea ya p\u00ea\u015fvebirina h\u00eaza \u015f\u00ee\u00ee berdide, wek\u00ee ku me li Bexday\u00ea di 2003yan de, Beyr\u00fbt\u00ea di 2008an de \u00fb Sanay\u00ea di 2014an de d\u00eet \u00fb ber bi hewldanek ji bo avakirina hevpeymaniyeke amer\u00eekay\u00ee-sun\u00ee ve ku d\u00ea li ser s\u00eenordarkirina \u00ceran\u00ea \u00fb hedefgirtina hundir \u00fb s\u00eenor\u00ean \u00c7\u00een \u00fb R\u00fbsyay\u00ea be. Hem\u00fb n\u00ee\u015fan, n\u00ee\u015fan didin ku ev sedema nakokiya Washington \u00fb Tileb\u00eeb\u00ea li ser \u015eama pi\u015ft\u00ee Be\u015far El-Esed e.<\/p>\n
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T\u00eab\u00een\u00ee: Made bi ereb\u00ee hatiye niv\u00ees\u00een \u00fb bi kurmanciy\u00ea hatiye wergerandin, ji ber w\u00ea em d\u00ea j\u00eaderan bi ziman\u00ea ereb\u00ee bih\u00ealin.<\/p>\n
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N\u00ee\u015fe:<\/p>\n
(1) \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a: \u201c\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0626 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u201d\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632\u060c 4 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 2011.<\/p>\n
(2) \u201c\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u0643\u0632\u060c 8 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2012. \u06354.<\/p>\n
(3) \u201c\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0634\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u201d\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632\u060c 22 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2013.<\/p>\n
(4) \u201c\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u201d\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0632\u201d\u060c 9 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2015 ( \u0646\u0635 \u0628\u064a \u062f\u064a \u0625\u0641\u060c 15 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0635 \u0635 3-4).<\/p>\n
\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Serok\u00ea Tunis\u00ea t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fbb\u00fb \u00fb xwep\u00ea\u015fander li qada Tehr\u00eer\u00ea li Qah\u00eerey\u00ea bi sedhezaran li dij serok Hisn\u00ee Mibarek b\u00fb, dema ku rojnameya \u201cNew York Times\u201d\u00ea belav kir \u00fb got ku \u201cSerok Barack Obama \u00eestixbarata Amer\u00eekay\u00ea lome kir, ji ber ku cih\u00ea aloziy\u00ea li Rojhilata Nav\u00een, e\u015fkere nekirin.. Herwiha, li ser ziman\u00ea general \u00fb serok\u00ea Erkana […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2692,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,22],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[191],"class_list":["post-2691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lekolin","category-manshet"],"yoast_head":"\n