{"id":2656,"date":"2025-07-11T09:57:12","date_gmt":"2025-07-11T09:57:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/?p=2656"},"modified":"2025-07-11T09:57:12","modified_gmt":"2025-07-11T09:57:12","slug":"1-68","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-68\/","title":{"rendered":"Nirxandin\u00ean der bar\u00ea nasnamey\u00ea de di civak\u00ean tund\u00ee \u00fb mirin\u00ea de"},"content":{"rendered":"

Made bi ereb\u00ee heye \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n

Di paradokseke berbi\u00e7av de, siyasetmedarek\u00ee sw\u00ead\u00ee ku bi penaber\u00ean \u00eeraq\u00ee y\u00ean ji desthilatdariya Sedam Husey\u00een direviyan re hevd\u00eetin p\u00eak an\u00ee, destn\u00ee\u015fan kir ku tev\u00ee cudahiy\u00ean wan \u00ean mezin di hema hema her ti\u015ft\u00ee de – siyaset, ol, \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ea jiyan\u00ea \u00fb hwd. – ew li ser ti\u015ftek\u00ee hema hema sab\u00eet li hev kirin: Heb\u00fbna bamyay\u00ea li ser hem\u00fb masey\u00ean wan! Ev lihevkirina berbi\u00e7av b\u00fb sedem ku siyasetmedar\u00ea sw\u00ead\u00ee, wek\u00ee ku civaknas\u00ea \u00eeraq\u00ee Faleh Ebdulcebar[1] destn\u00ee\u015fan kir, p\u00ea\u015fniyaz bike ku w\u00eaneyek\u00ee bamyay\u00ea li ser ala Iraq\u00ea were dan\u00een! Heman p\u00ea\u015fniyaz dikare ji bo \u201cmeloxiy\u00ea\u201d ji bo misriyan, \u201cqat\u201d ji bo yemeniyan \u00fb \u201ckuskus\u201d ji bo gel\u00ea Mexrib\u00ea j\u00ee derbasdar be. Di derbar\u00ea s\u00fbriyayiyan de, xuya ye ku cudah\u00eey\u00ean wan heta reng\u00ean xwarin\u00ea j\u00ee dir\u00eaj dibin \u00fb ew hema hema li ser her ti\u015ft\u00ee ji hev cuda ne! Ew j\u00ee ne \u00eest\u00eesna ne, ji ber ku ji bo civak\u00ean v\u00ea rojhilat\u00ea xwe\u015fik ne h\u00easan e ku li ser her ti\u015ft\u00ee li hev bikin, her \u00e7end ew xwarin be j\u00ee [2].<\/p>\n

Xwarin: Nasname, b\u00eer \u00fb a\u015ft\u00ee?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Heger iraq\u00ee an kes\u00ean din gaveke wiha bav\u00eajin, her yek li gor\u00ee xwarina xwe ya bijare, ew \u00ea ne y\u00ean p\u00ea\u015f\u00een bin ku \u015f\u00eenatiyan bikin sembola netewey\u00ee. Civak \u00fb welat\u00ean din al \u00fb dirav\u00ean xwe bi sembol\u00ean \u015f\u00eenatiy\u00ee xemilandine: Dara sedir\u00ea ala Lubnan\u00ea dixemil\u00eene, pel\u00ea dara sor a dara g\u00fbz\u00ea li ser ala Kanaday\u00ea difire \u00fb beyb\u00fbn di n\u00ee\u015fana netewey\u00ee ya Japonyay\u00ea de xuya dike. Herwiha em \u015fax \u00fb pel\u00ean dara bel\u00fbt \u00fb g\u00fbz\u00ea y\u00ean li ser n\u00ee\u015fana netewey\u00ee ya Bulgaristan\u00ea, an dara gar\u00ea ya ku sembol\u00ean welat\u00ean wek\u00ee Arjant\u00een, Y\u00fbnanistan, Salvador \u00fb y\u00ean din dixemil\u00eene ji b\u00eer nekin.<\/p>\n

P\u00ea\u015fniyaza sw\u00ead\u00ee pirsek berfireh derdixe hol\u00ea: Gelo xwarin dikare bibe am\u00fbrek ji bo a\u015ftiya civak\u00ee? \u00c7awa ku p\u00eezza giyan\u00ea \u00eetal\u00ee tems\u00eel dike \u00fb kimchi nasnameya korey\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee ku ji xwarinek sade derbas dibe n\u00ee\u015fan dide, ji bo iraq\u00eeyan, bamya ji \u00e7\u00eaj\u00ea w\u00eadetir e. Ew bi b\u00eeran\u00eena kom\u00ee, b\u00eeran\u00een\u00ean zarokatiy\u00ea \u00fb komb\u00fbn\u00ean malbat\u00ee di b\u00fbyer\u00ean civak\u00ee de ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye, ew gir\u00eadan\u00ean germ ku b\u00eay\u00ee ku cudahiy\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean dijwar hebin, zind\u00ee dim\u00eenin. Gelo \u201cFest\u00eevala Bamyay\u00ea\u201d yan \u201cRoja Meloxiy\u00ea,\u201d yan \u201c\u015e\u00eax Meh\u015f\u00ee\u201d dikarin mirovan li dora maseyek b\u00eenin cem hev, tev\u00ee arastey\u00ean wan \u00ean cuda \u00fb dilsoz\u00eey\u00ean wan? Rola xwarin\u00ea wek\u00ee pirek yek\u00eetiy\u00ea li welat\u00ean ku ji pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean k\u00fbr \u00ea\u015f ki\u015fandine, wek Afr\u00eekaya Ba\u015f\u00fbr a pi\u015ft\u00ee cudakirina nijadperest, ku sembol\u00ean \u00e7and\u00ee y\u00ean hevpar al\u00eekariya ba\u015fkirina dubendiyan kirine, \u00e7awa ye?<\/p>\n

Dewleta Westiyay\u00ee: T\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna projey\u00ean mezin \u00fb may\u00eendeb\u00fbna sembol\u00ean sade<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00eabel\u00ea, ji bo Iraq, S\u00fbriya, L\u00eebya, Yemen, Tunis, Lubnan \u00fb hem\u00ee civak \u00fb welat\u00ean li her\u00eama rojhilat\u00ea ya xwe\u015fik, pirsgir\u00eak ji \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ean xwarin\u00ea y\u00ean hevpar w\u00eadetir di\u00e7e da ku hevpariy\u00ean pir k\u00fbrtir di nirx, \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ean jiyan\u00ea \u00fb war\u00ea \u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb d\u00eerok\u00ee y\u00ea berfireh de bigire nav xwe. L\u00eabel\u00ea, hem\u00ee van hevpariyan di bin zextek mezin de ne \u00fb bi dehsalan di rew\u015fek pev\u00e7\u00fbnek domdar de ne, heya w\u00ea ast\u00ea ku axaftina li ser ramana civakek hevgirt\u00ee an asoyek civak\u00ee ya zelal dijwar b\u00fbye, nemaze di k\u00ealiy\u00ean pev\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb \u015fer\u00ea w\u00earanker de. S\u00fbriya di v\u00ee war\u00ee de ji ber rew\u015fa xwe ya mezheb\u00ee ya kujer poz\u00eesyonek berbi\u00e7av digire.<\/p>\n

\u00cero, s\u00fbriyay\u00ee, iraq\u00ee, l\u00eebyay\u00ee, s\u00fbdan\u00ee \u00fb y\u00ean din ten\u00ea wek\u00ee rast\u00ee, et\u00eeket, reng, nex\u015fe \u00fb al\u00ean ku heb\u00fbna wan bi xwe rewa nakin \u00fb ne j\u00ee wek\u00ee gel\u00ean yekgirt\u00ee an civak\u00ean ku ji h\u00eala zanist\u00ean civak\u00ee \u00fb welat\u00ean demokrat\u00eek ve hatine destn\u00ee\u015fankirin, xuya dikin. Berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea, ew qad\u00ean pev\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb mirina re\u015f in li ser nav\u00ea p\u00eeroz, ol \u00fb talan\u00ea! Ew gel \u00fb civak\u00ean ku di bin dest\u00fbrday\u00een\u00ea de ne, hem ji hundur \u00fb hem j\u00ee ji derve, trajediyek berdewam dij\u00een ku be\u015f\u00ean w\u00ea mezin xuya dikin, b\u00eay\u00ee ku ti\u015ftek ji bil\u00ee tund\u00fbt\u00fbj\u00ee \u00fb mirin\u00ea li ber \u00e7avan be \u00fb b\u00ea guman, ko\u00e7ber\u00ee \u00fb penaber\u00ee ji bo kes\u00ean ku ji wan re derdikeve.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea gelo bikaran\u00eena sembol\u00ean h\u00easan \u00ean wek\u00ee bamyay\u00ea del\u00eela t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna el\u00eet\u00ean siyas\u00ee ye ku nasnameyek netewey\u00ee ya yekgirt\u00ee ava bikin? An j\u00ee ew qeb\u00fblkirinek b\u00eah\u00eav\u00eetiy\u00ea ya nepen\u00ee ye di derbar\u00ea projey\u00ean mezin de, \u00e7i netewey\u00ee \u00e7i ol\u00ee, ku ber\u00ea wek\u00ee bingeha nasnamey\u00ea dihatin hesibandin? Ma ev rew\u015f n\u00ee\u015fan dide ka faktor\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ee y\u00ean wek\u00ee kolonyal\u00eezm, nefret \u00fb zordariy\u00ea \u00e7awa be\u015fdar\u00ee hilwe\u015fandina nasnamey\u00ean ber\u00ea y\u00ean hevgirt\u00ee b\u00fbne \u00fb xwarin b\u00fbye yek ji \u00e7end gir\u00eadan\u00ean may\u00ee?<\/p>\n

Ev rast\u00ee me vediger\u00eene pirsgir\u00eakeke k\u00fbrtir di civaknasiya sembolan de: Veguher\u00eena bamya an reng\u00ean din \u00ean xwarin\u00ea bo penagehek nasnamey\u00ea – li gor\u00ee anal\u00eezek li ser bingeha raman\u00ean Ernest Gellner – kr\u00eeza el\u00eetan di hilberandina sembol\u00ean n\u00fbjen \u00fb yekgirt\u00ee de n\u00ee\u015fan dide [3], \u00fb kr\u00eezek k\u00fbr di pergal\u00ean nirxan \u00ean civakan (an j\u00ee y\u00ean ku wek\u00ee civak t\u00eane hesibandin) de ku t\u00ea de ol (mezheb an ol) bi civak (e\u015f\u00eer, qeb\u00eele), siyaset (desthilat) \u00fb aboriy\u00ea (kir\u00ea) bi awayek\u00ee \u201cn\u00eev-gewher\u00ee\u201d ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye, ku ji w\u00ea rev\u00een tune. L\u00eabel\u00ea, ew vedigere – berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea, \u00fb ev celebek sererastkirin\u00ea ye ji bo ti\u015ft\u00ea ku me ten\u00ea got – ti\u015ft\u00ea ku Michel de Certeau j\u00ea re dib\u00eaje \u201ctakt\u00eek\u00ean jiyana rojane\u201d, ku dikare \u00eeht\u00eemal\u00ean nisb\u00ee ji bo \u201cnasnamey\u00ean alternat\u00eef\u201d p\u00eak b\u00eene ku ji joravahiy\u00ean ku ji h\u00eala gotar\u00ean ferm\u00ee \u00fb n\u00eev-resm\u00ee ve t\u00eane ferzkirin derbas dibin [4]. Ev ew e ku Pierre Bourdieu j\u00ee bi t\u00eagiha \u201chabitus\u201d diyar dike, ku t\u00ea de nasname ne wek\u00ee diyariyek bingeh\u00een, l\u00ea wek\u00ee encamek \u00eenterakt\u00eef di navbera avahiyan \u00fb prat\u00eek\u00ea de t\u00ea \u00e7\u00eakirin [5].<\/p>\n

Bamya: Xaleke hevgirtin\u00ea an ten\u00ea paradoksek e?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Em vegerin ser bamyay\u00ea. Bi rast\u00ee j\u00ee heq dike ku bibe sembolek netewey\u00ee, dibe ku sembolek netewey\u00ee \u00fb rojhilat\u00ee ya b\u00eahempa. Ereb, tirk, faris \u00fb kurd, misilman, xiristiyan \u00fb kes\u00ean b\u00eaol \u00fb ji h\u00eala mezheb, etn\u00eek, e\u015f\u00eer, kom \u00fb kesan ve t\u00ea xwarin (\u00fb hezkirin). H\u00fbn w\u00ea li ser sifrey\u00ean hem\u00ee \u00e7\u00een \u00fb tebeqey\u00ean civak\u00ee, li bajar \u00fb dever\u00ean gundan, di nav \u00fb dervey\u00ee bazar\u00ean bajar de, di qesr\u00ean luks de, di kember\u00ean xizaniy\u00ea de \u00fb di tax\u00ean xizan de dib\u00eenin.<\/p>\n

Cervantes got, \u201cMin ev\u00eenek ji ev\u00eena xwarin\u00ea rasttir ned\u00eetiye.\u201d [6] Gelo hevgirtina mirovan li ser ev\u00eena ti\u015ftek\u00ee -heta bamyay\u00ea j\u00ee!- dibe sedema lihevkirinek nepen\u00ee ku ew ji ti\u015ftek\u00ee hez dikin an terc\u00eeh dikin, an j\u00ee ew li ser her ti\u015ft\u00ee ji hev cuda nabin? Di encam\u00ea de, gelo ti\u015ft\u00ea ku ew j\u00ea hez dikin, \u00e7i xwarin be, \u00e7i vexwarin be, \u00e7i nebe, dikare wek\u00ee \u201cxalek hevgirtin\u00ea\u201d ya rast\u00een li ser asta netewey\u00ee were d\u00eetin? Bi rast\u00ee, hizirkirina bamyay\u00ea, an ti\u015ftek\u00ee wiha, wek\u00ee semboleke netewey\u00ee, paradokseke retor\u00eek\u00ee \u00fb sembol\u00eek a k\u00fbr dihew\u00eene, nemaze ji bo kes\u00ean ku \u00e7\u00eerok \u00fb teoriy\u00ean mezin dipar\u00eazin, y\u00ean ku li ser \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ea li ser bingeha referans\u00ean rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ee \u00fb d\u00eerok\u00ee y\u00ean bi xwezaya emperyal, ol\u00ee, an neteweperwer difikirin. Ev ew gel in ku tund\u00fbt\u00fbj\u00ee, \u015fer, ku\u015ftin \u00fb mirin\u00ea bi bihaney\u00ean mezin pesn\u00ea xwe didin. L\u00ea di rastiy\u00ea de, ew di \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean dabe\u015fb\u00fbn, par\u00e7eb\u00fbn, gendel\u00ee, p\u00ea\u015fketina k\u00eam, zordariy\u00ea, binp\u00eakirina maf\u00ean mirovan \u00fb lezandina ku\u015ftina mezheb\u00ee, an b\u00eadeng\u00ee an rewakirina w\u00ea \u00fb hwd de dij\u00een. Ma p\u00eakan e -ji v\u00ea perspekt\u00eef\u00ea – ku meriv \u015f\u00eenatiyek an vexwarinek wek\u00ee sembola welat, civak \u00fb welatan bifikire, qehremaniya d\u00eerok\u00ee ya mezin, \u015fer \u00fb destanan li d\u00fb xwe bih\u00eale?! An j\u00ee em hilwe\u015f\u00een \u00fb h\u00eesteriya ku\u015ftin, mirin \u00fb binp\u00eakirin\u00ea bi tevliheviyek gi\u015ft\u00ee dixemil\u00eenin?<\/p>\n

Berawirdkirin \u00fb taliya sembolan<\/strong><\/p>\n

Werin em berawirdkirinek\u00ea bikin – ku dibe ku gelek kes w\u00ea guncaw neb\u00eenin – di navbera bamya \u00fb sembol\u00ean din de: \u00c7ima dara sedir a Lubnan\u00ea tev\u00ee dabe\u015fb\u00fbn\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean k\u00fbr wek\u00ee sembola Lubnan\u00ea serket\u00ee ye? Ma ji ber ku ew bi xwezay\u00ea, erdn\u00eegariy\u00ea \u00fb m\u00eerata m\u00eetoloj\u00eek a kevnar (wek m\u00eetolojiya Fen\u00eek\u00ee) ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye, ne bi ti\u015ft\u00ea ku her tim diguhere, rojane \u00fb bi rast\u00ee j\u00ee t\u00ea helandin, m\u00eena xwarinek\u00ea? Ma dara sedir sembolek e ku Lubnan\u00ea yek dike, an her yek ji wan xwed\u00ee dar \u00fb sedir\u00ea xwe ye?<\/p>\n

Ev cudahiya di navbera sembol\u00ean \u201cxwezay\u00ee\u201d y\u00ean ku ji dem\u00ea derbas dibin \u00fb sembol\u00ean \u201cxwarin\u00ea\u201d y\u00ean demk\u00ee de e\u015fkere dike – \u00fb ez h\u00eav\u00ee dikim ku hi\u015f\u00ea xwendevan pir d\u00fbr ne\u00e7e-. Ma rast e ku gel\u00ean kevnar werin k\u00eamkirin bo xwarin\u00ean wek\u00ee bamya, meloxiy\u00ea, an \u015f\u00eax el-meh\u015f\u00ee, dema ku gel\u00ean din t\u00eane k\u00eamkirin bo sembol\u00ean heybet \u00ean wek\u00ee hir\u00e7a r\u00fbs\u00ee, eyloy\u00ea amer\u00eekay\u00ee, piling\u00ea hindistan\u00ee, \u00fb ejderhay\u00ea \u00e7\u00een\u00ee? K\u00ee \u201ccid\u00eeb\u00fbna\u201d sembolek\u00ea biryar dide? \u00c7ima xwarin t\u00ea bi\u00e7\u00fbkxistin dema ku heywan \u00fb dar wek\u00ee sembol\u00ean netewey\u00ee t\u00eane r\u00eazgirtin? Ev kurtenav t\u00fbj e \u00fb v\u00ea pirs\u00ea derdixe hol\u00ea: Ma bawerkirina ku xwarin dikare ti\u015ft\u00ean ku bi sedsalan d\u00eerok \u00fb \u00e7and nekar\u00eene bikin yek, hindik e? Dara sedir a Lubnan\u00ea, her \u00e7end bi heybet be j\u00ee, r\u00ea li ber \u015ferek\u00ee navxwey\u00ee y\u00ea xw\u00een\u00ee negirt \u00fb dibe ku r\u00ea li ber Lubnan\u00ea j\u00ee negire ku \u015fer\u00ean din bij\u00een. \u00c7awa ku bamya \u00fb \u015f\u00eax el-mih\u015f\u00ee s\u00fbriyay\u00ee ji tirs\u00ean \u015fer, ku\u015ftin \u00fb ko\u00e7beriy\u00ea y\u00ean ku ew \u00eero dij\u00een xilas nekirine, bamya \u00fb \u015f\u00eax el-mih\u015f\u00ee j\u00ee wiha kirine.<\/p>\n

Xwarin \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ee: B\u00ear\u00eekirin \u00fb pir<\/strong><\/p>\n

Em bi diyarde \u00fb rastiy\u00ean ku ji h\u00eala b\u00fbyer\u00ean curbecur \u00ean xeyal\u00ee, hestyar\u00ee \u00fb nirx-esas\u00ee ve t\u00eane r\u00eavebirin, li dora e\u015f\u00eer, mezheb, her\u00eam, etn\u00eek, e\u015f\u00eer, an kom\u00ea, ne li dora civak, welat, an dewlet\u00ea bi wateya n\u00fbjen a peyv\u00ea, r\u00fb bi r\u00fb ne. Ev b\u00fbyer ew in ku al\u00eeyan ber bi nakok\u00ee \u00fb pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea ve dibin – pev\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb t\u00eako\u015f\u00eenek di navbera ev\u00eendar \u00fb dijber\u00ean xwe, xwe \u00fb ti\u015ft\u00ea ku a\u00eed\u00ee wan e, \u00fb nefretkar\u00ean her ti\u015ft\u00ea ku gef an ten\u00ea cudahiyek\u00ee tems\u00eel dike – da ku h\u00eaz xen\u00eemet be \u00fb welat qurban\u00ee be!<\/p>\n

Di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya ko\u00e7ber\u00ee \u00fb penaberiy\u00ea de, xwarin aliyek\u00ee din digire. \u00c7ima tebeqeyek xwarin dibe be\u015fek yekgirt\u00ee ya nasnameya ko\u00e7beran? Ew ne ten\u00ea xwarinek e, l\u00ea hesretek ji bo axa ku ew j\u00ea reviyane, mirov\u00ean ku ew j\u00ea reviyane an j\u00ee ji wan hatine qutkirin \u00fb b\u00eeran\u00een\u00ean ku ji bo saf\u00eekirina w\u00eane \u00fb \u00ea\u015fa wan a tar\u00ee gelek jib\u00eerkirin\u00ea hewce dikin. Xwarin, an \u201cb\u00eera xwarin\u00ea\u201d an \u201chevpariya xwarin\u00ea\u201d, ger rew\u015f wiha be, dibe ku pira daw\u00ee di navbera nif\u015f\u00ean ko\u00e7ber \u00fb welat\u00ea wan de be \u00fb m\u00eerateyek devk\u00ee \u00fb hest\u00ee li seranser\u00ea okyan\u00fbsan veguhez\u00eene.<\/p>\n

Encam<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ma xwarin t\u00ear\u00ea dike ji bo avakirina neteweyek\u00ea? Heger s\u00fbriyay\u00ee qeb\u00fbl bikin ku w\u00ea wek\u00ee sembolek hevpar bib\u00eenin, gelo \u201cqilo\u00e7\u00ea bamyay\u00ea\u201d, \u201cdara sedir\u00ea\u201d, \u201cqat\u201d, \u201cmeloxiy\u00ea\u201d, “\u015f\u00eax elmih\u015f\u00ee\u201d, an \u201ct\u00fby\u00ea \u015eam\u00ea\u201d dikarin bikin – \u00fb em li vir xwe dubare dikin – ti\u015ft\u00ea ku sedsalan d\u00eeroka hevpar \u00fb hem\u00ee hevpariy\u00ean din \u00ean di \u00e7and, erdn\u00eegar\u00ee \u00fb \u015faristaniy\u00ea de di navbera gel\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ea \u00fb di nav her yek ji wan de nekar\u00eene bikin?<\/p>\n

Rast e ku tama bamyay\u00ea xwe\u015f e, herwiha \u201ct\u00fby\u00ea \u015eam\u00ea\u201d \u00fb y\u00ean din j\u00ee. Ev di her rew\u015f\u00ea de mijar\u00ean nisb\u00ee ne \u00fb di wan de tu zor tuneye. L\u00eabel\u00ea, peywir\u00ea ku j\u00ea re hatiye spartin hinek\u00ee tirsnak xuya dike! Dibe ku ne tama w\u00ea an \u00e7\u00eaja w\u00ea, l\u00ea nazikiya w\u00ea ye ku w\u00ea dike tems\u00eelek guncaw a welat\u00ean me: Nerm, heke pir z\u00eade were kelandin z\u00fb dihele, l\u00ea d\u00eesa j\u00ee li ser sifreya her kes\u00ee dim\u00eene. Belk\u00ee dersa her\u00ee gir\u00eeng a bamyay\u00ea ew e ku xal\u00ean hevpar ne ten\u00ea bi xwarinan t\u00eane bidestxistin, l\u00ea bi naskirina v\u00ea yek\u00ea ku li ser maseyek\u00ea ji yek\u00ea z\u00eadetir xwarin dikare were amadekirin \u00fb welatek\u00ee rast\u00een ew welat e ku azadiya hilbijartina away\u00ea amadekirina bamyay\u00ea dide welatiy\u00ean xwe.<\/p>\n

T\u00eab\u00een\u00ee: Made bi ereb\u00ee hatiye niv\u00ees\u00een \u00fb bo kurmanciy\u00ea hatiye wergerandin, j\u00eader\u00ean w\u00ea j\u00ee bi ereb\u00ee ne, ji ber w\u00ea em \u00ea j\u00eaderan bi ereb\u00ee bih\u00ealin.<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00ee\u015fe:<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>[1]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u201c\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u201d\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c (17 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2017). \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a: \u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c\u00a0\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong>\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 1995).<\/p>\n

<\/a>[2]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0628\u0640\u201d\u0646\u0643\u0647\u0629\u201d \u0648\u201d\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0642\u201d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646!<\/p>\n

<\/a>[3]<\/a>\u00a0Gellner, Ernest.\u00a0Nations and Nationalism<\/em>. Cornell University Press, 1983.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[4]<\/a>\u00a0de Certeau, Michel.\u00a0The Practice of Everyday Life<\/em>. University of California Press, 1984.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u060c\u00a0\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c 2011).<\/p>\n

<\/a>[5]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0646-\u0643\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c\u00a0\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c: \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629: \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c 2007).<\/p>\n

<\/a>[6]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0640 \u062b\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u064c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0624\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u201c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062a\u0647\u201d\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062b\u0627\u201d\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u201c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062a\u0647\u201d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Made bi ereb\u00ee heye \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 Di paradokseke berbi\u00e7av de, siyasetmedarek\u00ee sw\u00ead\u00ee ku bi penaber\u00ean \u00eeraq\u00ee y\u00ean ji desthilatdariya Sedam Husey\u00een direviyan re hevd\u00eetin p\u00eak an\u00ee, destn\u00ee\u015fan kir ku tev\u00ee cudahiy\u00ean wan \u00ean mezin di hema hema her ti\u015ft\u00ee de – siyaset, ol, \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ea jiyan\u00ea \u00fb hwd. – ew li ser ti\u015ftek\u00ee hema hema sab\u00eet li […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2657,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[57,22],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[191],"class_list":["post-2656","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dirok-u-civak","category-manshet"],"yoast_head":"\nNirxandin\u00ean der bar\u00ea nasnamey\u00ea de di civak\u00ean tund\u00ee \u00fb mirin\u00ea de - 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