Di pay\u00eeza 1920\u00ee de, general Mustefa Qere Bak\u00eer h\u00eaza xwe ya li eniya rojhilat li dij h\u00eaz\u00ean Ermenistan\u00ea bi r\u00ea ve bir \u00fb gelek kanton\u00ean berfireh ji dest\u00ea ermenan derxist ku rast\u00ee heqareteke mezin hat. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, Qere Bak\u00eer li ser wan feriz kir ku Peymana \u00a0\u201cAlexandra Paul\u201d \u00eemze bikin di kan\u00fbna 1920\u00ee de. Li gor\u00ee v\u00ea peyman\u00ea, ermen w\u00ea dev ji bend\u00ean Peymana S\u00eaver\u00ea berdin ku nex\u015feya dewleta ermenan di hundir\u00ea Tirkiyay\u00ea de, x\u00eaz kir. A her\u00ee metirs\u00eedar j\u00ee, ermenan benda her\u00ee gir\u00eeng p\u00eak an\u00een, ew j\u00ee ku hem\u00fb art\u00ea\u015fa ermenan rawestandin \u00fb ten\u00ea par\u00eazvan\u00ean s\u00eenor ku hejmara wan ne z\u00eadetir\u00ee 1500 le\u015fker\u00ee ye, hi\u015ftin. Ev j\u00ee destp\u00eaka rasteq\u00een a pragmat\u00eezma r\u00fbs\u00ee a bol\u015fev\u00eek di t\u00eakiliy\u00ean navdewlet\u00ee de ye \u00fb yekem\u00een qurbaniya v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee ermen\u00ean ku hevalbend\u00ean r\u00fbsan b\u00fbn.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Di w\u00ea dem\u00ea de j\u00ee, ne art\u00ea\u015f \u00fb ne j\u00ee h\u00eaza kurdan heb\u00fb. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, Alay\u00ean Hem\u00eed\u00ee di \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Yekem de, ji hev ketin, ku ew j\u00ee m\u00eena art\u00ea\u015fa kurdan ya xwed\u00ee nav\u00fbdengek\u00ee ne ba\u015f b\u00fbn. Di heman dem\u00ea de, tu \u00e7\u00eeneke le\u015fker\u00ee ya kurdan di burokrasiya art\u00ea\u015fa osman\u00ee de tune b\u00fbn, ku karibe altirnat\u00eefa Alay\u00ean Hem\u00eed\u00ee, peyda bike.<\/p>\n
Beriya r\u00fbbir\u00fbna gir\u00eeng a di navbera bermahiy\u00ean art\u00ea\u015fa osman\u00ee \u00fb h\u00eaz\u00ean ermenan de, \u00ead\u00ee n\u00eaz\u00ee 6 sal li ser qirkirina kom\u00ee ya li dij ermenan derbas b\u00fbb\u00fb. L\u00ea tev\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee, doza Ermenistan\u00ea hilnewe\u015fiyab\u00fb, heta \u00eemzekirina Peymana \u201cAlexandra Paul\u201d, tev\u00ee ku ku w\u00ea qirkirin\u00ea demografiya Ermenistan\u00ea heta asteke mezin tune kirib\u00fb \u00fb derfet da b\u00fb ku erd\u00eengariya kurdan li aliy\u00ea rojhilat berfireh bibe \u00fb erd\u00eengariya Tirkiyay\u00ea j\u00ee li bakur\u00ea Erzirom\u00ea heta Deryaya Re\u015f, berfireh bibe.<\/p>\n
Heta w\u00ea dem\u00ea j\u00ee, Kurdistan di aliy\u00ea erd\u00eengar\u00ee de ne aram b\u00fb \u00fb li aliy\u00ea Ermenistan \u00fb R\u00fbsyay\u00ea di rastiy\u00ea de tu xakeke w\u00ea ya sabit tune b\u00fb (ber\u00ee ragihandina Yek\u00eetiya Sovyet\u00ea sala 1922yan). Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, be\u015fek mezin ji erd\u00eengariya ku kurd j\u00ea re dib\u00eajin be\u015fek ji Kurdistan\u00ea, yan di destp\u00eak\u00ea ermenan an j\u00ee di nava daxwaz\u00ean wan de b\u00fbn, ji Wan\u00ea heta Erdhan\u00ea. Di d\u00eerok\u00ea de j\u00ee, w\u00eelayeta Wan\u00ea wek\u00ee giyan\u00ea doza Ermenistan\u00ea t\u00ea hesibandin. Heta sala 1921\u00ea j\u00ee, \u00e7aren\u00fbsa v\u00ea w\u00eelayet\u00ea (Wan\u00ea) nehatib\u00fb diyarkirin. Her wiha, di dan\u00fbstandin\u00ean Peymana Moskoy\u00ea ya sala 1921\u00ea a di navbera hik\u00fbmeta Komeleya Ni\u015ftiman\u00ee (Mustefa Kemal) \u00fb R\u00fbsyay\u00ea bi r\u00eaveberiya Vladimir Len\u00een, R\u00fbsya\u00ea ji hik\u00fbmeta Enqeray\u00ea xwest ku dev ji w\u00eelayeta Wan\u00ea berde \u00fb li beramber\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee Peymana Hevaltiy\u00ea, w\u00ea \u00eemze bikin. Wek\u00ee destp\u00eak, Bekir Sam\u00ee ev xal er\u00ea kir, beramber\u00ee ku R\u00fbsyay\u00ea serxweb\u00fbn\u00ea bide gel\u00ea Osetya li Kafkasyay\u00ea, ku Bekir Sam\u00ee ji wan b\u00fb. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, Sam\u00ee li wir dev ji dilsoziya xwe ji tirkan re berda \u00fb xema w\u00ee rizgarkirina gel\u00ea xwe b\u00fb \u00fb \u201cxwe bike m\u00eer li ser wan\u201d, wek\u00ee wez\u00eer \u00fb dektor\u00ea osman\u00ee-tirk\u00ee Riza N\u00fbr dib\u00eaje (r.250).<\/p>\n
Gava Bek\u00eer Sam\u00ee bi serk\u00ea\u015fiya Riza N\u00fbr rast\u00ee redkirineke tund hat, ku N\u00fbr b\u00fb endam\u00ea \u015fandeya dan\u00fbstandin\u00ea bi serokatiya wez\u00eer\u00ea derve Y\u00fbsif Kemal. Her wiha, dikar\u00eeb\u00fbn ku peymana 16\u00ea adara 1921\u00ea b\u00ea ku dev ji tu her\u00eaman ji bo ermenan berdin (Peymana Mosko), b\u00ea bandor bikin. Bi v\u00ee away\u00ee, hik\u00fbmeta Enqeray\u00ea parastina w\u00eelayeta Wan\u00ea kir \u00fb ev j\u00ee li gor\u00ee daxwaz\u00ean r\u00eaveberiyan kurdan b\u00fb di w\u00ea dem\u00ea de \u00fb bersivday\u00eena v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee, kurdan destek dane Mustefa Kemal di \u015fer\u00ea serxweb\u00fbn\u00ea de. Di heman dem\u00ea de, \u00a0serxweb\u00fbnxwaz\u00ean kurdan derbar\u00ea vegerandina w\u00eelayeta Wan\u00ea a mezin di w\u00ea dem\u00ea de, nikar\u00eeb\u00fbn ti\u015ftek bikirane. Her wiha, serkeftina hik\u00fbmeta Enqeray\u00ea ya vegerandina w\u00eelayeta Wan\u00ea, hi\u015ft ku guman derbar\u00ea bandora kurdan a serbixwe, z\u00eade bibe.<\/p>\n
Nirxandina Lozan\u00ea, div\u00ea serkeftina kemal\u00eestan di dan\u00fbstandin\u00ean bi bol\u015fev\u00eekan re, ney\u00ea pa\u015fguhkirin. Lewra, peyman formuleke din j\u00ea re hate \u00e7\u00eakirin, pi\u015ft\u00ee Peymana Moskoy\u00ea ku nav\u00ea w\u00ea b\u00fb \u201cPeymana Qers\u00ea\u201d di 13\u00ea cotmeha 1921\u00ea de. Di rastiy\u00ea de, dewlet dabe\u015f\u00ee hik\u00fbmeta Enqeray\u00ea li Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb Ermenistan \u00fb Anadolyay\u00ea \u00fb hik\u00fbmeta Sultan li Stenbol\u00ea, b\u00fbb\u00fb. Hik\u00fbmeta Stenbol\u00ea j\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea dewlet\u00ean Ewropay\u00ea ve dihate naskirin. Li ser v\u00ee esas\u00ee, Peymana S\u00eaver\u00ea di tebaxa 1920\u00ee de, hate \u00eemzekirin. Li beramber\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee, hik\u00fbmeta Enqeray\u00ea ji bo hik\u00fbmeta bol\u015fev\u00eek a Moskoy\u00ea, rewa b\u00fb. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de j\u00ee, Mosko gelek serkeftin di aliy\u00ea dan\u00fbstandinan de dane Mustefa Kemal \u00fb li bend\u00ea b\u00fb ku bi ser bikeve da ku Peymana S\u00eaver\u00ea bi daw\u00ee bike \u00fb ney\u00ea p\u00eakan\u00een, ji ber ku Mosko dixwest dest dey\u00eene ser Konstant\u00eenopol\u00ea an j\u00ee serweriya veger\u00ea bin dest\u00ea tirkan. A gir\u00eeng ew b\u00fb ku ewropay\u00ee ji Tirkiyay\u00ea derkevin \u00fb Tirkiya ney\u00ea dabe\u015fkirin. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, ermen b\u00fbne qurbaniya mezin a v\u00ea l\u00eestok\u00ea \u00fb di asta duyem de j\u00ee, kurd b\u00fbne qurban\u00ee.<\/p>\n
Di nava v\u00ea astmosf\u00ear\u00ea de, \u015fandeya Lozan\u00ea hate avakirin. Beriya ku \u015fande bi r\u00ea bikeve, Komeleya Ni\u015ftiman\u00ee (parlamento) nav\u00ea n\u00fb y\u00ea welat hilbijart \u00fb b\u00fb nav\u00ea w\u00ea b\u00fb \u201cTirkiya\u201d.<\/p>\n
Wez\u00eer\u00ea di hik\u00fbmeta Enqeray\u00ea \u00fb r\u00eaveberek\u00ee di \u015fanda Lozan\u00ea de Riza N\u00fbr, dan\u00fbstandin\u00ean Mustefa Kemal derbar\u00ea nav\u00ea n\u00fb y\u00ea dewlet\u00ea, e\u015fkere dike. \u201cEm \u00ea \u00e7i nav\u00ee li dewlet\u00ea bikin?\u201d. N\u00fbr \u00eed\u00eea dike ku keda w\u00ee ya mezin di p\u00ea\u015fniyaza nav\u00ea \u201cTirkiyay\u00ea\u201d de heb\u00fb. Heta ku ev yek rast be j\u00ee, navl\u00eakirina nav\u00ea Tirkiyay\u00ea li ser dewleta n\u00fb ti\u015ft\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fby\u00ee ye, ji ber ku tu p\u00ea\u015fniyaz\u00ean altirnaf\u00ee tune b\u00fbn. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, Ewropay\u00ea bi sedan sedan nav\u00ea Tirkiyay\u00ea dib\u00eajin. K\u00eam caran j\u00ee nav\u00ea ferm\u00ee di w\u00eaje \u00fb hunera Ewropay\u00ea de, nedihate bikaran\u00een. Ti\u015ft\u00ea hatib\u00fb belavkirin, Tirkiyay\u00ea b\u00fb wek\u00ee nav\u00ea Dewleta Osman\u00ee \u00fb tirk\u00ee navek b\u00fb ji bo hem\u00fb hemwelatiy\u00ean Dewleta Osman\u00ee. Li ser v\u00ee esas\u00ee, hem\u00fb ereb \u00fb osmaniy\u00ean ne tirk \u00ean ku ko\u00e7ber\u00ee Amer\u00eekay\u00ea b\u00fbn, wek\u00ee \u201ctirk\u201d hatin binavkirin. Ev yek di heta di w\u00eajeya lat\u00een\u00ee de xuya b\u00fb, m\u00eena romana \u201cMirina Ragihand\u00ee\u201d ya Gabiel Garcia Marquez, ku t\u00ea de xiristiyanek\u00ee s\u00fbriyay\u00ee-binnan\u00ee, Santiago Nesar kesek\u00ee bi esl\u00ea xwe tirk\u00ee b\u00fb.<\/p>\n
Bi her hal\u00ee, di n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ean nav\u00ea n\u00fb y\u00ea dewlet\u00ea de derdora 10 kesan heb\u00fbn, ji wan w\u00eajevan \u00fb niv\u00eeskar Xal\u00eede Ed\u00eeb \u00fb hevj\u00een\u00ea w\u00ea Ednan Ed\u00eefar heb\u00fbn, beriya destp\u00eakirina dan\u00fbstanidn\u00ean Lozan\u00ea di pay\u00eena 1922yan de. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, Riza N\u00fbr di b\u00eeran\u00ean xwe de dib\u00eaje:<\/p>\n
\u201cP\u00eaw\u00eest nake em l\u00ea bigerin (armanca w\u00ee nav\u00ea dewlet\u00ea), ji ber ku bi rast\u00ee nav heye \u00fb ew j\u00ee Tirkiya ye. Koma me \u2013ango tirk- di serdeman de bi nav\u00ea dewleta bilind a Osman\u00ee bang dikirin, l\u00ea Ewropay\u00ea \u00fb ev \u00e7end sed sal in nav\u00ea me kiriye Tirkiya\u201d (r.201).<\/p>\n
Her wiha, Riza N\u00fbr behsa dewleta sekular j\u00ee kir, ku ev p\u00ea\u015fniyaz ji aliy\u00ea Xal\u00eede Ed\u00eeb ve hate redkirin, ne ji ber sedem\u00ean ol\u00ee, l\u00ea ji ber hi\u015fyariy\u00ea.\u201cMustefa Kemal j\u00ee ti\u015ftek ji derbir\u00eena sekural\u00ee f\u00eam nedikir.\u201d L\u00ea tev\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee, Riza N\u00fbr red kir ku li dij \u00eeslam\u00ea derkeve, l\u00ea bel\u00ea bang kir ku ol ji dewlet\u00ea \u00fb siyaseta w\u00ea were cudakirin \u00fb red kir ku \u015fer\u00ea ol di civak\u00ea de, were kirin. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, behsa meyl\u00ean Mustefa Kemal pi\u015ft\u00ee serxweb\u00fbn\u00ea dike \u00fb dib\u00eaje:<\/p>\n
\u201cEv kes \u00fb y\u00ean wek\u00ee w\u00ee bi r\u00fbxandina m\u00eerasa neteweya tirk\u00ee ve, mij\u00fbl in.. Van hem\u00fb ti\u015ftan dike, bi armanca ku binav\u00fbdeng bibe, heta ku li ser w\u00ee bib\u00eajin j\u00eer e \u00fb derbey\u00ean gewre p\u00eak t\u00eene, l\u00ea kevir\u00ean bingeh\u00een ji binyata netewey\u00ea, radike\u201d (r.212).<\/p>\n
Dema ku Riza N\u00fbr b\u00fb Wez\u00eer\u00ea Perwerdey\u00ea, yekem biryar da ku di nameyan de ziman\u00ea tirk\u00ee y\u00ea paqij bi kar b\u00eenin \u00fb qedexe kir ku peyv\u00ean osman\u00ee y\u00ean ku t\u00ea de gotin\u00ean ereb\u00ee \u00fb faris\u00ee tij\u00ee b\u00fbn, were bikaran\u00een. Bi rast\u00ee j\u00ee, ev j\u00ee bingehek\u00ee sereke ya siyaseta tirkkirina \u00e7and\u00ee b\u00fb.<\/p>\n
\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Di pay\u00eeza 1920\u00ee de, general Mustefa Qere Bak\u00eer h\u00eaza xwe ya li eniya rojhilat li dij h\u00eaz\u00ean Ermenistan\u00ea bi r\u00ea ve bir \u00fb gelek kanton\u00ean berfireh ji dest\u00ea ermenan derxist ku rast\u00ee heqareteke mezin hat. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, Qere Bak\u00eer li ser wan feriz kir ku Peymana \u00a0\u201cAlexandra Paul\u201d \u00eemze bikin di kan\u00fbna 1920\u00ee […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1875,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[174,22],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[191],"class_list":["post-1874","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lozan","category-manshet"],"yoast_head":"\n