P\u00ea\u015fgotin<\/strong><\/p>\nMijara “yek\u00eetiya kurd\u00ee” li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di x\u00eetaba siyas\u00ee ya kurdan de cihek\u00ee navend\u00ee digire, heta ku b\u00fbye \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyeke gi\u015ft\u00ee ya \u015f\u00eerovekirina \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyek ku sedem\u00ean h\u00eaz \u00fb lawaziy\u00ea, serkeftin \u00fb t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb heta rewab\u00fbna aktor\u00ean siyas\u00ee j\u00ee bi xwe.<\/p>\n
Yek\u00eet\u00ee ne ten\u00ea wek armanceke siyas\u00ee t\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirin, l\u00ea wek \u015fert\u00ea bingeh\u00een ji bo her kiryarek siyas\u00ee ya bi bandor \u00fb wek \u00e7areseriya xwezay\u00ee ya rew\u015fa belavb\u00fbn \u00fb par\u00e7eb\u00fbna ku bi salan e bi ser\u00ea siyaseta kurd\u00ee hatiye. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee, bang\u00ean yek\u00eetiy\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee dubare t\u00eane bilindkirin, taybet\u00ee di k\u00ealiy\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean sembol\u00eek an dem\u00ean aloz\u00ee de, ku t\u00ea de yek\u00eet\u00ee wek p\u00eadiviyeke netewey\u00ee \u00fb exlaq\u00ee di heman dem\u00ea de t\u00ea d\u00eetin.<\/p>\n
L\u00ea ya ku di v\u00ea x\u00eetab\u00ea de balk\u00ea\u015ftir e, ne ten\u00ea amadeb\u00fbna w\u00ea ya berfireh e, l\u00ea nakokiya domdar a di navbera bangdana yek\u00eetiy\u00ea \u00fb berdewamiya par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea de ye, ku h\u00ea j\u00ee wek rastiya siyas\u00ee ya hey\u00ee xwe dipar\u00eaze. Tev\u00ee gelek destp\u00ea\u015fxer\u00ee, peyman \u00fb civ\u00een\u00ean ku di bin ala “yek\u00eetiy\u00ea” de hatine lidarxistin, par\u00e7eb\u00fbn berdewam kir \u00fb di gelek rew\u015fan de, h\u00een b\u00eatir xurt \u00fb sab\u00eet xuya dikir. Paradoksa bingeh\u00een li vir e: \u00c7ima retor\u00eeka yek\u00eetiy\u00ea bi ewqas h\u00eaz\u00ea berdewam dike, tev\u00ee t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna w\u00ea ya dubare di hilberandina encam\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean berbi\u00e7av de?<\/p>\n
Li vir cudab\u00fbna bingeh\u00een derdikeve hol\u00ea: \u00c7ima x\u00eetaba yek\u00eetiy\u00ea bi v\u00ea qas\u00ee h\u00eaz \u00fb berdewam\u00ee t\u00ea dubarekirin, tev\u00ee ku gelek caran di hilberandina encam\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean berbi\u00e7av de t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fbye?<\/p>\n
Bi gelemper\u00ee, ev t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn bi n\u00eaz\u00eekatiy\u00ean exlaq\u00ee an j\u00ee \u00eeradey\u00ee t\u00ea \u015f\u00eerovekirin, ku pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea vediger\u00eenin ser neb\u00fbna \u00eeradeya siyas\u00ee, lawaziya baweriy\u00ea, an j\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fxistina berjewendiy\u00ean partiy\u00ee y\u00ean teng li ser “berjewendiya netewey\u00ee”.<\/p>\n
L\u00ea ev \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ea \u015f\u00eerovekirin\u00ea tev\u00ee ku gelek belav e, di hundir\u00ea xwe de v\u00ea texm\u00een\u00ea dihew\u00eene ku yek\u00eet\u00ee rew\u015fa xwezay\u00ee ye \u00fb t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna di gihi\u015ftina w\u00ea de ten\u00ea derketineke demk\u00ee an j\u00ee tevl\u00eeheviyeke r\u00eabaz\u00ea ye, bi r\u00eaya bangan an j\u00ee fi\u015far\u00ean exlaq\u00ee, dikare were derbaskirin.<\/p>\n
L\u00ea dema ku ev t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn bi salan dubare dibe \u00fb di \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean cuda de j\u00ee xwe dide n\u00ee\u015fandan, w\u00ea dem\u00ea guman ne ten\u00ea li ser encam\u00ea ye, l\u00ea li ser v\u00ea texm\u00een\u00ea ya bingeh\u00een bi xwe j\u00ee \u00e7\u00eadibe.<\/p>\n
Par\u00e7eb\u00fbna siyas\u00ee ya kurd\u00ee ne ten\u00ea encama neb\u00fbna yek\u00eetiy\u00ea ye, l\u00ea dibe ku bi xwe \u00eefadeya bingeha siyas\u00ee be ku di \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean hey\u00ee de gihi\u015ftina yek\u00eetiy\u00ea zehmet dike. Li ser v\u00ee esas\u00ee j\u00ee pirsa bingeh\u00een \u00ead\u00ee ne ev e: \u00c7ima yek\u00eet\u00ee p\u00eak nay\u00ea? Belk\u00ee pirs ev be : \u00c7i ye ku dih\u00eale ev par\u00e7eb\u00fbn berdewam bike, tev\u00ee ku hem\u00fb al\u00ee pirsgir\u00eaka w\u00ea dizanin ?.<\/p>\n
Gir\u00eengiya v\u00ea veguhertin\u00ea ku n\u00eeqa\u015f ji asta h\u00eav\u00ee \u00fb daxwaza siyas\u00ee vediguhez\u00eene asta anal\u00eeza sedem\u00ee. Li \u015f\u00fbna ku par\u00e7eb\u00fbn wek k\u00eamasiyeke exlaq\u00ee an rew\u015feke demk\u00ee ya siyas\u00ee were d\u00eetin., p\u00eaw\u00eest dibe ku ew wek \u015f\u00eaweyek\u00ee t\u00eakil\u00ee \u00fb dan\u00fbstandin\u00ea were f\u00eamkirin, ku bingeheke tevlihev a te\u015fw\u00eeq, s\u00eenorkirin \u00fb berjewendiyan r\u00ea ve dibin.<\/p>\n
Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, aktor\u00ean siyas\u00ee ne li gor\u00ee ti\u015ft\u00ea ku “ji bo hem\u00fbyan rast”t\u00ea d\u00eetin tevdigerin, l\u00ea li gor\u00ee ti\u015ft\u00ea ku ji n\u00ear\u00eena berjewend\u00ee \u00fb ewlehiya wan a taybet b\u00eatir ewledar \u00fb aramtir xuya dike. Nexasim neb\u00fbna saziy\u00ean ku bikaribin pabendb\u00fbn\u00ea feriz bikin \u00fb neb\u00fbna baweriya dual\u00ee \u00fb berdewamkirina bandora faktor\u00ean derve.<\/p>\n
Ev n\u00ear\u00een xwe disp\u00eare xwendineke anal\u00eez\u00ee ya komeke gotar\u00ean siyas\u00ee (x\u00eetaba el\u00eet\u00ee) ku li malper\u00ean kurd\u00ee hatine belavkirin, \u00a0herwiha \u015f\u00eerove \u00fb dan\u00fbstandin\u00ean li ser Facebook\u00ea (x\u00eetaba t\u00eakiliy\u00ee \/ interakt\u00eef) ku bi boneya salvegera yekem\u00een a Kongreya “Yek\u00eetiya Kurd\u00ee”di 26, 27 \u00fb 28\u00ea n\u00eesana 2026an de hatine we\u015fandin. Ev made\u00a0 di her du astan de \u2014 \u00e7i di x\u00eetaba el\u00eet\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7i di x\u00eetaba t\u00eakiliy\u00ee de \u2014 dubareb\u00fbneke berbi\u00e7av a \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ean \u015f\u00eerovekirin\u00ea y\u00ean n\u00eaz\u00ee hev derxist hol\u00ea.<\/p>\n
Ji aliyek\u00ee ve, be\u015fek ji x\u00eetaba siyas\u00ee h\u00een j\u00ee bi yek\u00eetiy\u00ea re wek \u00e7areseriyeke xwezay\u00ee \u00a0\u00fb bi xwe gengaz tevdigere. L\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea din ve, taybet\u00ee di n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ean t\u00eakiliy\u00ee de, meyleke z\u00eadeb\u00fby\u00ee ber bi gumanan li ser rastb\u00fbna v\u00ea texm\u00een\u00ea xuya dibe \u00fb bang li n\u00eaz\u00eekatiy\u00ean pragmat\u00eektir t\u00ea kirin ku li ser bingeha bir\u00eavebirina balki\u015fandin\u00ea ye, ne ku texm\u00eena ku ew dikare rasterast were derbaskirin.<\/p>\n
Li ser v\u00ea bingeh\u00ea j\u00ee, pirsgir\u00eak ne ten\u00ea neb\u00fbna yek\u00eetiy\u00ea ye, l\u00ea di yek\u00eet\u00ee h\u00een j\u00ee wek \u00e7areseriyeke amade \u00fb bixweber t\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirin, b\u00ea ku \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00fb saz\u00ee y\u00ean ku dikarin w\u00ea gengaz bikin an j\u00ee p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee l\u00ea bigirin, b\u00eane l\u00eakol\u00eenkirin \u00fb pirs\u00een.<\/p>\n
Heta ku israrkirina li ser v\u00ea x\u00eetaba yek\u00eetiy\u00ea, di \u015fert\u00ean ku mekan\u00eezmay\u00ean p\u00eakan\u00eena w\u00ea tune ne de, dikare h\u00ead\u00ee h\u00ead\u00ee bibe am\u00fbrek ji bo jin\u00fbve b\u00eah\u00eav\u00eeb\u00fbna siyas\u00ee. Ev j\u00ee bi firehkirina d\u00fbrb\u00fbna di navbera x\u00eetaba siyas\u00ee \u00fb rastiya hey\u00ee de \u00e7\u00eadibe.<\/p>\n
Li ser v\u00ea bingeh\u00ea j\u00ee, armanc ne rexnekirina fikra yek\u00eetiy\u00ea bi xwe ye, l\u00ea bel\u00ea jin\u00fbve fikir\u00een li ser away\u00ea ku pirsgir\u00eak bi bingeh\u00een t\u00ea day\u00een: Gelo bi rast\u00ee armanc “bidaw\u00eekirina par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea”ye bi awayek\u00ee bilez \u00fb rasterast? Yan j\u00ee ya p\u00eaw\u00eest ew e ku em fam bikin ka ev par\u00e7eb\u00fbn \u00e7awa jin\u00fb ve t\u00ea hilberandin \u00fb li \u015f\u00fbna daxwaza \u00e7areseriyeke yekcar\u00ee, li ser k\u00eamkirina l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean w\u00ea \u00fb avakirina \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean ku dikarin h\u00ead\u00ee h\u00ead\u00ee derbaskirina w\u00ea gengaz bikin bixebitin?<\/p>\n
\u00c7ima bang\u00ean ji bo yek\u00eetiy\u00ea dewam dikin, tev\u00ee t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna w\u00ea? <\/strong><\/p>\nEger bang\u00ean “yek\u00eetiya kurdan”bi salan t\u00eane dubarekirin b\u00eay\u00ee ku karibe bi awayek\u00ee rast\u00een qada siyas\u00ee ya kurd\u00ee jin\u00fbve saz bike, pirs ne ten\u00ea li ser sedem\u00ean t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna yek\u00eetiy\u00ea ye, l\u00ea li ser sedem\u00ean berdewamkirina v\u00ea bang\u00ea bi heman h\u00eaz \u00fb n\u00eaz\u00ee bi heman ziman\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n
Ti\u015ft\u00ea balk\u00ea\u015f li vir ne ten\u00ea neb\u00fbna encaman e, l\u00ea bel\u00ea \u015fiyana x\u00eetaba yek\u00eetiy\u00ea ye ku xwe bi berdewam\u00ee jin\u00fbve hilber\u00eene, tev\u00ee ku r\u00eajeya t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbnan her ku di\u00e7e z\u00eade dibe.<\/p>\n
Di reng\u00ea derve de, mijar xwezay\u00ee xuya dike: Ji ber ku par\u00e7eb\u00fbn wek \u00e7avkaniya lawaziy\u00ea siyas\u00ee t\u00ea d\u00eetin, banga yek\u00eetiy\u00ea j\u00ee dibe bersiveke mentiq\u00ee li hember w\u00ea. L\u00ea bel\u00ea ev ravekirin ten\u00ea be\u015f\u00ee dim\u00eene, ji ber ku sedema berdewamiya heman \u015f\u00eawaza x\u00eetab\u00ee rave nake, tev\u00ee ku ezm\u00fbn bi awayek\u00ee berbi\u00e7av s\u00eenorkirina bandora w\u00ea li ser guhertin\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan dide.<\/p>\n
Ger pirsgir\u00eak ten\u00ea li ser lawaziya p\u00eakan\u00een\u00ea b\u00fbya, w\u00ea mirov li bend\u00ea b\u00fb ku x\u00eetab bi xwe p\u00ea\u015f bikeve an j\u00ee bingeh\u00ean xwe jin\u00fbve were nirxandin. L\u00ea bel\u00ea ti\u015ft\u00ea ku pir caran diqewime berovaj\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea ye: Her car ku \u00een\u00eesiyat\u00eefek t\u00eak di\u00e7e, bangek n\u00fb bi heman \u015fert \u00fb heman ziman t\u00ea dubarekirin.<\/p>\n
Xwendineke anal\u00eez \u00a0a gotar\u00ean ku bi boneya salvegera yekem a konferansa 26\u00ea n\u00eesan\u00ea hatine we\u015fandin n\u00ee\u015fan dide ku “yek\u00eet\u00ee” ne ten\u00ea wek armanceke siyas\u00ee t\u00ea bikar an\u00een, l\u00ea wek \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyeke sembol\u00eek j\u00ee ku rewab\u00fbna exlaq\u00ee \u00fb siyas\u00ee ya aktoran misoger dike.<\/p>\n
Xwed\u00eederketina li x\u00eetaba yek\u00eetiy\u00ea aktor dixe poz\u00eesyona parastina “berjewendiya gi\u015ft\u00ee”, heta di \u015fert\u00ean neb\u00fbna encam\u00ean berbi\u00e7av de j\u00ee. Bi v\u00ea watey\u00ea, banga yek\u00eetiy\u00ea dibe be\u015fek ji ziman\u00ea siyas\u00ee y\u00ea ku ji bo parastina rewab\u00fbn\u00ea p\u00eaw\u00eest e, b\u00eay\u00ee ku ew bi rast\u00ee j\u00ee p\u00eakan be an na.<\/p>\n
Ev nay\u00ea w\u00ea watey\u00ea ku bang\u00ean yek\u00eetiy\u00ea ne rast in , l\u00ea bel\u00ea t\u00ea w\u00ea wateya ku x\u00eetab erkek\u00ee p\u00eak t\u00eene ku ji niyet\u00ean kesane y\u00ean aktoran derbas dibe. Di haw\u00eerdor\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean lawaz de, ku t\u00ea de avakirina destkeftiy\u00ean saz\u00fbman\u00ee y\u00ean aram zehmet e \u00fb x\u00eetab bi xwe dibe am\u00fbrek siyas\u00ee.Ango, aktorek dibe ku nikaribe yek\u00eet\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee rast\u00een p\u00eak b\u00eene, l\u00ea d\u00eesa j\u00ee dikare xwe wek par\u00eazvan\u00ea w\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan bide. Bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee j\u00ee poz\u00eesyona xwe ya sembol\u00eek di qada siyas\u00ee de dipar\u00eaze.<\/p>\n
Li vir xalek gir\u00eeng derdikeve hol\u00ea: X\u00eetaba yek\u00eetiy\u00ea ne ten\u00ea tev\u00ee t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean xwe berdewam dibe, l\u00ea carinan j\u00ee bi xwe ji ber wan t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbnan t\u00ea xurtkirin. Her astengiyeke n\u00fb hewcedariya x\u00eetabeke n\u00fb jin\u00fbve diafir\u00eene \u00fb her aloziyeke n\u00fb wek del\u00eelek z\u00eadetir ji bo “p\u00eadiviya yek\u00eetiy\u00ea” t\u00ea bikaran\u00een. Bi v\u00ee away\u00ee, t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn ji faktorek ku x\u00eetab qels dike dibe h\u00eamanek ku w\u00ea jin\u00fbve \u00e7alak dike. Di v\u00ea \u00e7erx\u00ea de, banga yek\u00eetiy\u00ea k\u00eamtir bi bidestxistina armanceke siyas\u00ee ya diyarkir\u00ee ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye \u00fb b\u00eatir bi r\u00eavebirina aloziya x\u00eetab\u00ee ya ku ji ber par\u00e7eb\u00fbna berdewam derdikeve hol\u00ea ve t\u00ea gir\u00eadan.<\/p>\n
Ev yek bi taybet\u00ee dema ku got\u00fbb\u00eaja el\u00eet\u00eest bi got\u00fbb\u00eaja \u00eenterakt\u00eef re t\u00ea berawirdkirin e\u015fkere dibe. Her \u00e7end gotar\u00ean siyas\u00ee meyla xwe didin ku ziman\u00ea kevne\u015fop\u00ee li ser “p\u00eadiviya yek\u00eetiy\u00ea” \u00fb “berjewendiya netewey\u00ee” hilber\u00eenin j\u00ee, \u015f\u00eerovey\u00ean \u00eenterakt\u00eef astek bilindtir a gumanbariy\u00ea li hember v\u00ea formul\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan didin. Rexne \u00ead\u00ee ne ten\u00ea li ser t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean aktor\u00ean siyas\u00ee ye, l\u00ea li ser xwe ya texm\u00een\u00ea ye ku yek\u00eet\u00ee \u00e7areseriyeke e\u015fkere \u00fb b\u00easedem e ku bi ten\u00ea bi bangkirin\u00ea dikare p\u00eak were.<\/p>\n
Di hin \u015f\u00eeroveyan de guher\u00eeneke ji ramana normat\u00eef ber bi ramana pragmat\u00eek xuya dibe, \u00a0ku t\u00ea de gengazb\u00fbna “yek\u00eetiy\u00ea” bi xwe dibe mijara guman\u00ea \u00fb li \u015f\u00fbna w\u00ea bang li form\u00ean s\u00eenordarkir\u00ee \u00fb rast\u00een \u00ean hevr\u00eazkirin\u00ea an r\u00eaveberiya nakokiyan t\u00ea kirin.<\/p>\n
Ev guher\u00een gir\u00eeng e, ji ber ku n\u00ee\u015fan dide be\u015fek ji x\u00eetab\u00ea t\u00eakiliy\u00ee ji mentiqa “yek\u00eet\u00ee wek \u00e7areseriyeke gi\u015ft\u00ee”d\u00fbr dikeve \u00fb ber bi fikir\u00eena r\u00eabaz\u00ean r\u00eavebirina par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea ve di\u00e7e, li \u015f\u00fbna ku ten\u00ea ew t\u00ea \u015fermezarkirin.<\/p>\n
L\u00eabel\u00ea, x\u00eetaba siyas\u00ee ya serdest h\u00een j\u00ee yek\u00eet\u00ee wek rew\u015fek\u00ea t\u00ea n\u00ear\u00een ku bi \u00eerade an niyet\u00ea dikare were bidestxistin, ne wek encamek \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean siyas\u00ee \u00fb saz\u00fbman\u00ee y\u00ean tevlihev.<\/p>\n
Di vir de j\u00ee, pirsgir\u00eaka bingeh\u00een li vir derdikeve hol\u00ea: Dema ku yek\u00eet\u00ee wek nirxek exlaq\u00ee t\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirin ne wek p\u00eavajoyeke siyas\u00ee, dubarekirina banga w\u00ea h\u00easan dibe, l\u00ea veguherandina w\u00ea bo rastiy\u00ea pir dijwar dim\u00eene.<\/p>\n
Berdewamiya ev \u015f\u00eawaza x\u00eetab\u00ee ne ten\u00ea h\u00eaza fikra yek\u00eetiy\u00ea di nav xeyala siyas\u00ee ya kurd\u00ee de n\u00ee\u015fan dide, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de s\u00eenor\u00ean xeyalkirina alternat\u00eef\u00ean din j\u00ee e\u015fkere dike.<\/p>\n
Yek\u00eet\u00ee ne wek yek ji vebijark\u00ean gengaz t\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirin, \u00a0l\u00ea wek vebijarka ten\u00ea ya rewa t\u00ea d\u00eetin \u00fb ev yek dibe sedem ku her hewldanek ji bo jin\u00fbve p\u00eanasekirina pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea wek veki\u015f\u00een ji yek\u00eetiy\u00ea an j\u00ee rewakirina par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea were \u015f\u00eerovekirin, her \u00e7end ew ji xwendinek rasttir a \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean hey\u00ee derkeve j\u00ee.<\/p>\n
Di vir de, pirs \u00ead\u00ee ne ten\u00ea ev e: \u00c7ima yek\u00eet\u00ee t\u00eak di\u00e7e? L\u00ea: \u00c7ima ewqas dijwar e ku mirov li dervey\u00ee w\u00ea di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyeke siyas\u00ee de bifikire, tev\u00ee ku van hem\u00fb t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbnan kom b\u00fbne?<\/p>\n
Ji \u015f\u00eeroveya exlaq\u00ee ber bi \u015f\u00eeroveya avah\u00eesaz\u00ee<\/strong><\/p>\nPiraniya x\u00eetab\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean kurd\u00ee meyla wan heye ku par\u00e7eb\u00fbn bi t\u00eagihi\u015ftin\u00ean exlaq\u00ee \u00fb \u00eeradey\u00ee rave bikin: Neb\u00fbna niyeta rast\u00een, lawaziya hesta neteweperweriy\u00ea, p\u00ea\u015fan\u00eeday\u00eena berjewendiy\u00ean part\u00eezan\u00ee, an neb\u00fbna berpirsiyariya d\u00eerok\u00ee. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, yek\u00eet\u00ee di prens\u00eeb\u00ea de p\u00eakan xuya dike, l\u00ea ti\u015ft\u00ea ku r\u00ea li ber w\u00ea digire, t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna aktoran e ku bigih\u00eajin asta “berjewendiya gi\u015ft\u00ee”. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, bang\u00ean dubare t\u00eane kirin ku ji partiy\u00ean siyas\u00ee t\u00ea xwestin ku lihevkirinan p\u00eak b\u00eenin an berjewendiya netewey\u00ee bi p\u00ea\u015f bixin, wek ku pirsgir\u00eak bi taybet\u00ee di neb\u00fbna hi\u015fmend\u00ee an \u00eeradey\u00ea de bi cih be.<\/p>\n
L\u00eabel\u00ea, ev cure ravekirin\u00a0 her \u00e7end xwezaya w\u00ea ya exlaq\u00ee balk\u00ea\u015f be j\u00ee, \u015firoveya w\u00ea s\u00eenordar e.\u00a0 Ew t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn bi r\u00eaya k\u00eamasiy\u00ean exlaq\u00ee y\u00ean aktoran rave dike, \u00a0l\u00ea rave nake \u00e7ima ev t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn bi awayek\u00ee r\u00eak\u00fbp\u00eak dubare dibe \u00fb \u00e7ima heman bang\u00ean ku bi dehsalan t\u00eane dubarekirin nikarin tevgera siyas\u00ee biguher\u00eenin. Dema ku t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn dibe r\u00eabazek\u00ee domdar, zehmet e ku mirov w\u00ea ten\u00ea wek k\u00eamasiyeke exlaq\u00ee an j\u00ee niyet\u00ean takekes\u00ee y\u00ean xirab t\u00ea bigih\u00eene.<\/p>\n
Pirsgir\u00eaka bingeh\u00een di vir de ku n\u00eaz\u00eekatiya \u00eeradey\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee neyekser texm\u00een dike ku aktor di biryar\u00ean xwe de bi tevah\u00ee azad in \u00fb yek\u00eet\u00ee bi giran\u00ee li ser xwesteka wan a p\u00eakan\u00eena w\u00ea radiweste.<\/p>\n
L\u00ea bel\u00ea, \u00a0siyaset\u00a0 bi taybet\u00ee di haw\u00eerdor\u00ean lawaz \u00fb par\u00e7eb\u00fby\u00ee de, ne ten\u00ea bi \u00eerade t\u00ea bir\u00eavebirin, \u00a0l\u00ea di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyeke avahiy\u00ee ya s\u00eenordarkir\u00ee \u00fb te\u015fw\u00eeqan de ye ku diyar dike \u00e7i gengaz e \u00fb \u00e7i biha ye. Di nav v\u00ea avahiy\u00ea de, tevger\u00ean ku wek\u00ee “ne welatpar\u00eaz” an “bi awayek\u00ee kolekt\u00eef b\u00eaaqil” xuya dikin, dibe ku ji perspekt\u00eefa aktor bi xwe ve t\u00eagiha\u015ft\u00ee \u00fb heta \u00e7aver\u00eakir\u00ee bibin.<\/p>\n
Li vir, p\u00eaw\u00eest e\u00a0 ku em ji pirsa “\u00c7ima ew yek\u00eetiy\u00ea naxwazin?”ber bi pirseke tam cuda bi\u00e7in: \u00c7i dih\u00eale ku pabendb\u00fbna bi yek\u00eetiy\u00ea biha an xeternak bibe? Ev guhertin ne ten\u00ea h\u00fbrgiliyeke teor\u00eek e, l\u00ea guhertineke rad\u00eekal e di away\u00ea t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea de. Ew anal\u00eez\u00ea ji asta niyetan ber bi asta \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean ku tevgera siyas\u00ee diafir\u00eenin ve dibe.<\/p>\n
Madeya\u00a0 anal\u00eez a t\u00eakildar\u00ee salvegera konferansa 26\u00ea n\u00eesan\u00ea e\u015fkere dike ku be\u015fek gir\u00eeng ji n\u00eeqa\u015fan, bi taybet\u00ee y\u00ean \u00eenterakt\u00eef ber bi v\u00ea al\u00ee ve di\u00e7in.<\/p>\n
Li \u015f\u00fbna ku ten\u00ea bal\u00ea biki\u015f\u00eenin ser “t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna r\u00eaveberan “, \u015f\u00eerovey\u00ean n\u00fb derketin hol\u00ea ku berdewamiya par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea bi bingeha j\u00eengeha siyas\u00ee ve gir\u00ea didin: Neb\u00fbna saziy\u00ean ku dikarin nakokiyan bir\u00eave bibin, lawaziya peymanan, nakokiya berjewendiyan\u00fb bandora t\u00eakiliy\u00ean derve li ser hesab\u00ean aktor\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ee.<\/p>\n
Ev guhertin gir\u00eeng e ji ber ku destp\u00eaka veguher\u00eenek\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan dide ji \u015f\u00eeroveyeke exlaq\u00ee ber bi \u015f\u00eeroveyeke avah\u00eesaz\u00ee ve.<\/p>\n
Ev nay\u00ea w\u00ea watey\u00ea ku faktor\u00ean exlaq\u00ee an \u00eeradey\u00ee tune ne\u060c l\u00ea bel\u00ea ew bi ten\u00ea ji bo ravekirina v\u00ea diyardey\u00ea t\u00ea nakin. Aktor\u00ean siyas\u00ee ne ten\u00ea li gor\u00ee baweriy\u00ean xwe tevdigerin, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de li gor\u00ee daney\u00ea metirsiyan, garantiyan \u00fb encam\u00ean gengaz j\u00ee biryar didin.<\/p>\n
Ger j\u00eengeha siyas\u00ee pabendb\u00fbn\u00ea biha bike, an j\u00ee nepabendb\u00fbn\u00ea b\u00eay\u00ee l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbnek rast\u00een bih\u00eale, w\u00ea dem\u00ea bang\u00ean exlaq\u00ee bi tena ser\u00ea xwe w\u00ea bandoreke xwe ya s\u00eenordar heb\u00ea.<\/p>\n
Li vir balk\u00ea\u015fiyeke gir\u00eeng derdikeve hol\u00ea: Her ku pirsgir\u00eak z\u00eadetir bi “lawaziya \u00eeradey\u00ea”t\u00ea ravekirin, ew qas h\u00easantir dibe ku heman x\u00eetab jin\u00fbve were hilberandin, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de f\u00eamkirina sedem\u00ean berdewamiya aloziy\u00ea dijwartir dibe.<\/p>\n
Ji ber ku ev cure ravekirin\u00ea her dem n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ea vediger\u00eene asta niyetan, li \u015f\u00fbna ku bingeha \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean ku r\u00ea li ber veguher\u00eena van niyetan bo r\u00eakeftin\u00ean aram digirin were anal\u00eezkirin.<\/p>\n
Ya her\u00ee xeternaktir ew e ku n\u00eaz\u00eekatiya exlaq\u00ee dikare bi awayek\u00ee nerasterast b\u00eah\u00eav\u00eeb\u00fbna siyas\u00ee k\u00fbrtir bike. Ew h\u00eaviyeke nepen\u00ee diafir\u00eene ku \u00e7areser\u00ee ten\u00ea bi heb\u00fbna “Dilsoz\u00ee”an “Zaneb\u00fbn”p\u00eak t\u00ea, l\u00ea pa\u015f\u00ea nikare rave bike \u00e7ima t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn berdewam dike dema ku ev \u015fert p\u00eak nay\u00ean.<\/p>\n
Her ku ev \u00e7erx xwe dubare dike, valahiya di navbera x\u00eetab \u00fb rastiy\u00ea de mezintir dibe \u00fb axaftina li ser yek\u00eetiy\u00ea h\u00ead\u00ee h\u00ead\u00ee ji asoyeke siyas\u00ee vediguhere formek x\u00eetaba dubarekir\u00ee.<\/p>\n
Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, jin\u00fbve nirxandina pirsgir\u00eaka par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea ne ten\u00ea bi l\u00eapirs\u00eena niyet\u00ean aktoran dest p\u00ea dike, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de hewcey\u00ea t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina j\u00eengeha siyas\u00ee ye ku tevgera hey\u00ee ya wan domdar dike. Pirsgir\u00eak ne di neb\u00fbna bang\u00ean yek\u00eetiy\u00ea de ye, l\u00ea di away\u00ea ku ev bang pir caran ji \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean bingeh\u00ee \u00fb saz\u00fbman\u00ee y\u00ean ku dikarin yek\u00eetiy\u00ea gengaz an ne gengaz bikin d\u00fbr, t\u00eane p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirin.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ima hevkar\u00ee p\u00eak nay\u00ea? Mentiq\u00ea \u00e7alakiya kolekt\u00eef \u00fb s\u00eenor\u00ean baweriy\u00ea<\/p>\n
Ger pirsgir\u00eak ne ten\u00ea di neb\u00fbna \u00eeradey\u00ea de be, l\u00ea bel\u00ea bingeha siyas\u00ee de be ku pabendb\u00fbn\u00ea giran dike, w\u00ea dem\u00ea pirsa sereke h\u00een aloztir dibe: \u00c7ima aktor nikarin hevkar\u00ee bikin, tev\u00ee ku ew dizanin hevkar\u00ee di berjewendiya wan a hevbe\u015f de ye? Piraniya h\u00eaz \u00fb aliy\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean kurd\u00ee, tev\u00ee cudahiya meyl\u00ean wan, dizanin ku berdewamiya par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea h\u00eaza dan\u00fbstandin\u00ea lawaz dike \u00fb kar\u00eegeriya siyas\u00ee k\u00eam dike. L\u00ea bel\u00ea, par\u00e7eb\u00fbn d\u00eesa wek\u00ee \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ea serdest berdewam dike. Ev j\u00ee n\u00ee\u015fan dide ku t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea bi tena ser\u00ea xwe t\u00ear\u00ea nake ku bibe sedema guhertina r\u00eabaz\u00ea.<\/p>\n
Ji bo t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina v\u00ea cudab\u00fbn\u00ea, bi anal\u00eezkirina x\u00eetaba siyas\u00ee an niyet\u00ean ku bi awayek\u00ee e\u015fkere t\u00ean ragihandin t\u00ear\u00ea nake , l\u00ea bel\u00ea div\u00ea mirov k\u00fbrtir bikeve nava mentiq\u00ea biryardan\u00ea bixwe. Di vir de, teoriy\u00ean \u00e7alakiya kolekt\u00eef gir\u00eeng dibin, ji ber ku ew li ser ramana bingeh\u00een ava b\u00fbne ku heb\u00fbna berjewendiyeke hevpar bixweber nay\u00ea w\u00ea watey\u00ea ku hevkariyek kolekt\u00eef p\u00eak were (Olson, 1965).<\/p>\n
Aktor\u00ean siyas\u00ee bi gelemper\u00ee ne li gor\u00ee ti\u015ft\u00ea ku “ji bo hem\u00fbyan ba\u015ftir e”tevdigerin, l\u00ea bel\u00ea li gor\u00ee ti\u015ft\u00ea ku ji bo wan her\u00ee k\u00eam biha \u00fb ewletir xuya dike, li gor\u00ee reftara y\u00ean din.<\/p>\n
Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, pirsa bingeh\u00een ji bo her aliyek\u00ee \u00ead\u00ee ne ev e: “Gelo yek\u00eet\u00ee s\u00fbdmend e?”
\nL\u00ea bel\u00ea pirsa gir\u00eeng ev e: “Ger ez pabend bim, l\u00ea aliy\u00ean din pabend nebin, ez \u00ea \u00e7i winda bikim?”<\/p>\n
Ev pirs gelek\u00ee gir\u00eeng \u00fb cewher\u00ee ye , ji ber ku ew n\u00ee\u015fan dide pirsgir\u00eak ne di aliy\u00ea prens\u00eeb\u00ea de de ne di redkirina hevkariy\u00ea de ye, l\u00ea di r\u00eesk \u00fb xeterey\u00ean ku bi w\u00ea re gir\u00eaday\u00ee de ne.<\/p>\n
Hevkar\u00ee, berovaj\u00ee ti\u015ft\u00ea ku x\u00eetaba normat\u00eef texm\u00een dike, ne ten\u00ea lihevhatineke li ser armanceke hevpar e, l\u00ea t\u00eakiliyek e ku li ser bingeha baweriya hevbe\u015f ava dibe; ango baweriya ku aliy\u00ean din j\u00ee d\u00ea pabend bim\u00eenin.<\/p>\n
Li vir, bawer\u00ee ne ten\u00ea wek\u00ee h\u00eamaneke exlaq\u00ee, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de wek\u00ee h\u00eamaneke siyas\u00ee derdikeve hol\u00ea. Di haw\u00eerdor\u00ean ku saziy\u00ean garant\u00eeker tune ne , bawer\u00ee dibe \u015fert\u00ea bingeh\u00een ji bo hevkariy\u00ea, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de ji ber komb\u00fbna ezm\u00fbn\u00ean ber\u00ea y\u00ean t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb nepabendb\u00fbn\u00ea lawaz an j\u00ee tune dibe. Ev yek j\u00ee \u00e7erxek tevlihev diafir\u00eene: B\u00eay\u00ee baweriy\u00ea hevkar\u00ee nay\u00ea avakirin \u00fb b\u00eay\u00ee ezm\u00fbn\u00ean hevkariy\u00ea y\u00ean serkeft\u00ee j\u00ee bawer\u00ee p\u00eak nay\u00ea.<\/p>\n
Ev rew\u015f dikare bi modela “Pirsgir\u00eaka girtiyek\u00ee”[1] \u00e7\u00eatir were f\u00eamkirin, ku n\u00ee\u015fan dide ka \u00e7awa aqilmendiya takekes\u00ee dikare bibe sedema encamek kolekt\u00eef a ney\u00een\u00ee (Axelrod, 1984). Di v\u00ea model\u00ea de, her du al\u00ee j\u00ee qeb\u00fbl dikin ku hevkar\u00ee dikare ji bo hem\u00fbyan encamek \u00e7\u00eatir biafir\u00eene, l\u00ea her yek ji wan ditirse ku bi tena ser\u00ea xwe pabend bibe dema ku aliy\u00ea din b\u00eay\u00ee taw\u00eezek wekhev ji pabendb\u00fbn\u00ea s\u00fbd werdigire. Di neb\u00fbna garantiy\u00ean rast\u00een de, vebijarka her\u00ee ewle ew e ku mirov ji pabendb\u00fbn\u00ea d\u00fbr bikeve.<\/p>\n
Got\u00fbb\u00eaj\u00ean t\u00eakildar\u00ee salvegera konferansa 26\u00ea n\u00eesan\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee zelal v\u00ea mentiq\u00ea e\u015fkere dike, her \u00e7end\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee teor\u00eek nehatibe form\u00fblekirin j\u00ee. Di gelek \u015f\u00eerove \u00fb reaksyonan de, guman ne li\u00a0 ser fikra yek\u00eetiy\u00ea bi xwe b\u00fb, l\u00ea bel\u00ea li ser \u015fiyan\u00ea aliyan a pabendb\u00fbn\u00ea ye. Dubare b\u00fb ku her al\u00ee “yek\u00eet\u00ee li gor \u015fert\u00ean xwe dixwaze”, an j\u00ee bang\u00ean ji bo yek\u00eetiy\u00ea ten\u00ea ferm\u00ee dim\u00eenin ji ber ku ew bi amadeb\u00fbneke rast\u00een a ji bo taw\u00eezdan\u00ea an pabendb\u00fbna hevbe\u015f re nay\u00ean. Ev ji s\u00fbcdarkirineke exlaq\u00ee ya li dij\u00ee aktoran b\u00eatir t\u00eagiha\u015ftineke nepen\u00ee ya pirsgir\u00eaka garant\u00eeyan n\u00ee\u015fan dide.<\/p>\n
Herwiha, l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbna hevkariy\u00ea di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de ne sembol\u00eek e. Ketina nav r\u00eakeftin\u00ean hevbe\u015f dibe ku bibe sedema jin\u00fbve dabe\u015fkirina desthilatdariy\u00ea, devberdana ji hin ast\u00ean xweseriya r\u00eaxistin\u00ee, an j\u00ee qeb\u00fblkirina n\u00fbnertiyeke siyas\u00ee ya hevbe\u015f.<\/p>\n
Ev hem\u00fb gav\u00ean xeternak in, nemaze dema ku saziy\u00ean ku dikarin berdewamiya peymanan garant\u00ee bikin an j\u00ee kes\u00ean ku j\u00ea vediki\u015fin ceza bikin tune ne. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, d\u00fbrketina ji pabendb\u00fbn\u00ea dibe vebijarkek k\u00eamtir l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbn,\u00a0 ji ketina nav hevkariyek ne garant\u00eenkir\u00ee.<\/p>\n
Li ser v\u00ee esas\u00ee, par\u00e7eb\u00fbn ne ten\u00ea encama t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbneke demk\u00ee di hevr\u00eaziy\u00ea de ye, l\u00ea bel\u00ea encameke mentiq\u00ee ya t\u00eakiliy\u00ea ya di navbera nebawer\u00ee, l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbna bilind a pabendb\u00fbn\u00ea \u00fb neb\u00fbna garantiy\u00ean saz\u00fbman\u00ee de ye. Di haw\u00eerdorek v\u00ee reng\u00ee de, nehevkar\u00ee ne r\u00eabazek\u00ee awarte ye, l\u00ea bel\u00ea r\u00eabazek\u00ee texm\u00eenkir\u00ee ye \u00fb heta di hin rew\u015fan de j\u00ee reftareke mentiq\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n
Ev yek me digih\u00eaje encamek bingeh\u00een: Bang\u00ean ji bo yek\u00eetiy\u00ea, her\u00e7iqas rast bin \u00fb an j\u00ee dubarekir\u00ee bin, bandor s\u00eenordar dim\u00eene, heger \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean ku hevkariy\u00ea gengaz \u00fb ewle dikin, ney\u00ean \u00e7areserkirin. Pirsgir\u00eak ne di neb\u00fbna bangan de ye, l\u00ea di bingeha ku bersivday\u00eena wan xeternak dike \u00fb d\u00fbrketina ji pabendb\u00fbn\u00ea ji pabendb\u00fbna xwe aramtir dike.<\/p>\n
Par\u00e7eb\u00fbn \u00e7awa t\u00ea hilberandin? Te\u015fw\u00eeq, saz\u00ee \u00fb hevsengiya seqemg\u00eer<\/strong><\/p>\nHer \u00e7end neb\u00fbna baweriy\u00ea \u00fb l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbna bilind a pabendb\u00fbn\u00ea rave dikin \u00e7ima hevkar\u00ee bi h\u00easan\u00ee p\u00eak nay\u00ea, ew bi tevah\u00ee rave nakin \u00e7ima par\u00e7eb\u00fbn bi dem\u00ea re wek\u00ee qalibek sab\u00eet berdewam dike. Gelek kr\u00eez\u00ean siyas\u00ee ji neb\u00fbna baweriy\u00ea derdikevin, l\u00ea ew ne hewce ne ku bibin may\u00eende. L\u00eabel\u00ea, di rew\u015fa kurd\u00ean S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de, par\u00e7eb\u00fbn ne wek\u00ee pa\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbnek demk\u00ee xuya dike, l\u00ea bel\u00ea wek\u00ee r\u00eakeftinek siyas\u00ee ku bi berdewam\u00ee t\u00ea hilberandin, tewra pi\u015ft\u00ee destp\u00ea\u015fxer\u00ee \u00fb r\u00eakeftin\u00ean dubarekir\u00ee j\u00ee. Ev n\u00ee\u015fan dide ku faktor\u00ean k\u00fbrtir \u00eeht\u00eemala ku berdewamiya dabe\u015fb\u00fbn\u00ea b\u00eatir were aramkirin ji derbasb\u00fbn\u00ea z\u00eadetir dike.<\/p>\n
Ji bo f\u00eamkirina v\u00ea yek\u00ea, div\u00ea em ji anal\u00eezkirina tevgera aktoran ber bi anal\u00eezkirina haw\u00eerdora ku ew t\u00ea de dixebitin ve bi\u00e7in – ango avahiya te\u015fw\u00eeq \u00fb saziy\u00ean ku diyar dikin ka \u00e7i t\u00ea xelat kirin \u00fb \u00e7i t\u00ea ceza kirin. Reftara siyas\u00ee ne ten\u00ea ji baweriy\u00ean takekes\u00ee an hesaban derdikeve hol\u00ea, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de ji xwezaya pergala neferm\u00ee ya ku t\u00eakiliya di navbera aktoran de bi r\u00ea ve dibe j\u00ee derdikeve. Di haw\u00eerdor\u00ean ku saziy\u00ean ku dikarin qa\u00eedey\u00ean sab\u00eet bic\u00eeh b\u00eenin tunene, siyaset winda nabe; di \u015f\u00fbna w\u00ea de, ew bi r\u00eaya r\u00eakeftin\u00ean neferm\u00ee y\u00ean li ser bingeha hevsengiy\u00ean h\u00eaz\u00ea, nermb\u00fbn \u00fb manevray\u00ea ji n\u00fb ve t\u00ea \u015fekilkirin.<\/p>\n
Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, per\u00e7eb\u00fbn dibe ku ji bo hin aktoran ji ketina nav r\u00eakeftin\u00ean aram \u00fb yekgirt\u00ee “s\u00fbdmendtir” bibe. Yek\u00eet\u00ee, tev\u00ee nirxa w\u00ea ya sembol\u00eek a bilind, di prat\u00eek\u00ea de t\u00ea wateya jin\u00fbvedabe\u015fkirina h\u00eaz\u00ea, k\u00eamkirina c\u00eeh\u00ea manevray\u00ea \u00fb pabendb\u00fbna bi biryar\u00ean kolekt\u00eef \u00ean ku dibe ku her gav bi hesab\u00ean her partiyek\u00ea re li hev nekin. Ji h\u00eala din ve, per\u00e7eb\u00fbn ji aktoran re \u015fiyana mezintir dide ku serxweb\u00fbna xwe ya r\u00eaxistin\u00ee bipar\u00eazin, hevpeyman\u00ean xwe bi awayek\u00ee nermtir bi r\u00ea ve bibin \u00fb li gor\u00ee p\u00ea\u015f\u00eeniy\u00ean xwe bi gelek partiyan re dan\u00fbstandinan bikin.<\/p>\n
Ev raman bi awayek\u00ee nerasterast di \u00e7end gotar \u00fb n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ean t\u00eakildar\u00ee salvegera Konferansa 26\u00ea N\u00eesan\u00ea de derket hol\u00ea, ku dabe\u015fb\u00fbna berdewam ne ten\u00ea wek\u00ee encamek t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna siyas\u00ee l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de wek\u00ee n\u00ee\u015fanek avahiyek berjewendiyan ku dih\u00eale her part\u00ee poz\u00eesyona xwe ya r\u00eaxistin\u00ee \u00fb siyas\u00ee bipar\u00eaze hate dermankirin. Ev guhertina \u015f\u00eerovekirin\u00ea gir\u00eeng e ji ber ku ew per\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea ji “nefonksiyonek” vediguher\u00eene be\u015fek ji hevsengiya siyas\u00ee ya hey\u00ee, her \u00e7end ew hevseng\u00ee qels be an j\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee kolekt\u00eef biha be j\u00ee.<\/p>\n
Herwiha, faktor\u00ean dervey\u00ee di hilberandina v\u00ea hevsengiy\u00ea de roleke navend\u00ee dil\u00eezin. Di haw\u00eerdor\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean tevlihev de, aktor ne di nav qadeke ten\u00ea navxwey\u00ee de, l\u00ea di nav toreke t\u00eakiliy\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ee \u00fb navnetewey\u00ee de tevdigerin ku bandor\u00ea li hesab\u00ean wan dikin. Pir caran, xweseriya r\u00eaxistin\u00ee dibe \u00e7avkaniyek h\u00eaz\u00ea, ji ber ku ew dih\u00eale ku her part\u00ee kanal\u00ean xwe bi pi\u015ftgir\u00ean xwe re bipar\u00eaze an j\u00ee t\u00eakiliy\u00ean xwe y\u00ean dervey\u00ee serbixwe ji aktor\u00ean din bi r\u00ea ve bibe.<\/p>\n
Li vir, aliy\u00ea saziy\u00ee y\u00ea pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea b\u00eatir e\u015fkere dibe. Saz\u00ee, di wateya xwe ya siyas\u00ee de, ne ten\u00ea avahiy\u00ean r\u00eaxistin\u00ee ne, l\u00ea bel\u00ea qa\u00eedey\u00ean ku t\u00eakiliy\u00ea r\u00eak dixin \u00fb nezelaliy\u00ea k\u00eam dikin in (North, 1990). Dema ku ev saz\u00ee qels an tunene, pabendb\u00fbna siyas\u00ee bi xwezay\u00ee nazik dibe, ji ber ku aktor ne xwediy\u00ea garantiy\u00ean t\u00ear in ku y\u00ean din j\u00ee d\u00ea pabend\u00ee wan bibin. Di v\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea de, peyman ne wek\u00ee r\u00eakeftin\u00ean sab\u00eet t\u00eane d\u00eetin, l\u00ea wek\u00ee t\u00eagiha\u015ftin\u00ean demk\u00ee t\u00eane d\u00eetin ku dema hesab an hevsengiya h\u00eaz\u00ea diguhere dikarin werin berevaj\u00eekirin.<\/p>\n
A gir\u00eengtir ew e ku rew\u015fa hey\u00ee l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbnek rast\u00een li ser nepejirandin\u00ea ferz nake. Peyman dikarin werin \u00eemzekirin \u00fb d\u00fbv re b\u00eay\u00ee tu bihayeke siyas\u00ee ya zelal, \u00e7i di war\u00ea rewatiy\u00ea de \u00e7i j\u00ee di war\u00ea statuya siyas\u00ee de, werin pa\u015fguhkirin. Dema ku l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbnek ji bo veki\u015f\u00een an astengkirin\u00ea tune be, pabendb\u00fbn dibe hilbijartinek dilxwaz\u00ee \u200b\u200b\u200b\u200bku berdewamiya w\u00ea nay\u00ea garant\u00ee kirin. Ev rave dike \u00e7ima gelek destp\u00ea\u015fxer\u00ee vediguherin peyman\u00ean sembol\u00eek ne ku r\u00eakeftin\u00ean guncaw.<\/p>\n
Di v\u00ea watey\u00ea de, per\u00e7eb\u00fbn ne ten\u00ea encama neb\u00fbna yek\u00eetiy\u00ea ye, l\u00ea di encam\u00ea de encama avahiyek e ku celebek “hevsengiya aram” li ser bingeha dabe\u015fb\u00fbn\u00ea \u00e7\u00eadike. Ev hevseng\u00ee dibe ku ji bo tu partiyek \u00eedeal nebe, l\u00ea ew ji her aktorek re ewlehiya siyas\u00ee \u00fb serxweb\u00fbn\u00ea ya her\u00ee k\u00eam peyda dike, ku ew tev\u00ee l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbna w\u00ea ya kolekt\u00eef a bilind, domdar dike.<\/p>\n
Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, her hewldanek cid\u00ee ji bo derbaskirina par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea nikare bi bangewaziy\u00ean exlaq\u00ee an zexta retor\u00eek\u00ee ve s\u00eenordar be; ew guhertinek di avahiya te\u015fw\u00eeqan de bi xwe de hewce dike. Ev t\u00ea wateya afirandina haw\u00eerdorek ku t\u00ea de hevkar\u00ee erzantir, pabendb\u00fbn ewletir \u00fb nepabendb\u00fbn j\u00ee ji h\u00eala siyas\u00ee ve bihatir be. Pirsgir\u00eak ne ten\u00ea ew e ku aktor yek\u00eet\u00ee nakin, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de haw\u00eerdora siyas\u00ee ya hey\u00ee sedem\u00ean t\u00earker nade wan da ku yek\u00eetiy\u00ea ji par\u00e7eb\u00fbna domdar vebijarkek maq\u00fbltir bikin.<\/p>\n
Dema gotar dibe be\u015fek ji pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea: Valahiya di navbera ziman \u00fb rastiy\u00ea de<\/strong><\/p>\nGer par\u00e7eb\u00fbn bi r\u00eaya avahiyek te\u015fw\u00eeq \u00fb saziy\u00ean nazik were hilberandin, tundiya berdewam a gotara yek\u00eetiy\u00ea pirsek din derdixe hol\u00ea: Ev gotar bi rast\u00ee di qada siyas\u00ee de \u00e7i dike? Ma ew ten\u00ea \u00eefadeyek xwesteka derbaskirina dabe\u015fb\u00fbn\u00ea dim\u00eene, an j\u00ee – bi dem\u00ea re – dibe be\u015fek ji mekan\u00eezmaya ku dih\u00eale ew berdewam bike?<\/p>\n
Gotara siyas\u00ee bi gelemper\u00ee wek\u00ee reflekseke rastiy\u00ea an j\u00ee am\u00fbrek bandorkirina w\u00ea t\u00ea d\u00eetin. L\u00ea gotar, nemaze di haw\u00eerdor\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean nazik de, fonksiyonek k\u00fbrtir p\u00eak t\u00eene: Ew ne ten\u00ea rastiy\u00ea vedib\u00eaje l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de bi awayek\u00ee sembol\u00eek w\u00ea ji n\u00fb ve organ\u00eeze dike bi destn\u00ee\u015fankirina ti\u015ft\u00ea ku gengaz, rewa, an exlaq\u00ee t\u00ea hesibandin (Fairclough, 1995). Ji v\u00ea perspekt\u00eef\u00ea, dubarekirina domdar a banga “yek\u00eetiy\u00ea” nikare wek\u00ee dubarekirina ziman\u00ee ten\u00ea were f\u00eamkirin, l\u00ea bel\u00ea wek\u00ee be\u015fek ji avahiya siyas\u00ee bi xwe.<\/p>\n
Gotar \u00fb n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ean derbar\u00ea salvegera Konferansa 26\u00ea N\u00eesan\u00ea de e\u015fkere dikin ku “yek\u00eet\u00ee” ne ten\u00ea wek\u00ee armancek siyas\u00ee t\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirin, l\u00ea wek\u00ee nirxek normativ ku dijberiya w\u00ea bi e\u015fkere dijwar e. Pejirandina gotara yek\u00eetiy\u00ea rewatiya exlaq\u00ee dide aktoran, ji ber ku ew wan wek\u00ee par\u00eazvan\u00ean “berjewendiya gi\u015ft\u00ee” \u00fb “doza netewey\u00ee” bi cih dike, b\u00eay\u00ee ku \u015fiyana wan a rast\u00een a wergerandina van bangan bo r\u00eakeftin\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean aram \u00e7i be. Di v\u00ea watey\u00ea de, gotar dibe \u00e7avkaniyek sembol\u00eek ku r\u00ea dide \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbna rewatiy\u00ea, tewra di neb\u00fbna destkeftiyek siyas\u00ee ya berbi\u00e7av de j\u00ee.<\/p>\n
L\u00eabel\u00ea, pirsgir\u00eak derdikeve hol\u00ea dema ku gotar h\u00ead\u00ee h\u00ead\u00ee ji rastiy\u00ea d\u00fbr dikeve. Her ku heman bang b\u00eay\u00ee encam\u00ean berbi\u00e7av dubare dibin, ewqas valahiya di navbera retor\u00eek \u00fb prat\u00eek\u00ea de firehtir dibe. Di destp\u00eak\u00ea de, ev astengiya astengiy\u00ea dikare wek\u00ee encamek dorh\u00eal\u00ee an demk\u00ee were ravekirin, l\u00ea bi dubarekirina berdewam, gotar bi xwe dest p\u00ea dike ku h\u00eaza xwe ya \u00eeqnakirin\u00ea winda bike. Li vir, t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn \u00ead\u00ee ne ten\u00ea siyas\u00ee ye, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de retor\u00eek\u00ee ye j\u00ee, ji ber ku ziman\u00ea ku div\u00ea aktoran seferber bike dest p\u00ea dike ku gumanan \u00e7\u00eabike li \u015f\u00fbna ku wan kom bike.<\/p>\n
Ev guhertin di hin t\u00eakiliy\u00ean d\u00eej\u00eetal \u00ean li dora salvegera konferans\u00ea de bi awayek\u00ee zelal diyar b\u00fb, ku guman \u00ead\u00ee ne ten\u00ea li ser partiy\u00ean siyas\u00ee, l\u00ea li ser gotara yek\u00eetiy\u00ea bi xwe b\u00fb. Hin \u015f\u00eeroveyan ne ten\u00ea rexne li “t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna yek\u00eetiy\u00ea” girtin, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de \u00eedia kirin ku bang\u00ean dubarekir\u00ee y\u00ean ji bo yek\u00eetiy\u00ea b\u00fbne cureyek r\u00ea\u00fbresmek siyas\u00ee ya periyod\u00eek, b\u00eay\u00ee bandorek rast\u00een ji n\u00fb ve hatine hilberandin, an j\u00ee ew veguheriye p\u00ea\u00e7ek zimannas\u00ee ku ji bo d\u00fbrketina ji n\u00eeqa\u015fkirina sedem\u00ean k\u00fbrtir \u00ean avah\u00eesaziy\u00ea y\u00ean par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea t\u00ea bikar an\u00een.<\/p>\n
Ev xal gir\u00eeng e ji ber ku ew guhertinek di xwezaya t\u00eakiliya di navbera gotar \u00fb raya gi\u015ft\u00ee de n\u00ee\u015fan dide. Di qonax\u00ean xwe y\u00ean destp\u00eak\u00ea de, gotara yek\u00eetiy\u00ea wek\u00ee asoyek seferberkirin\u00ea xizmet kir, ramanek ku dikare h\u00eaviy\u00ea \u00e7\u00eabike \u00fb aktoran li dora armancek hevpar ji n\u00fb ve bike yek. L\u00eabel\u00ea, dema ku valahiya di navbera gotar \u00fb rastiy\u00ea de fireh dibe, gotar dikare h\u00ead\u00ee h\u00ead\u00ee bibe \u00e7avkaniyek b\u00eah\u00eav\u00eeb\u00fbna siyas\u00ee, ji ber ku ew soza ti\u015ft\u00ea ku nikare p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f bike dide.<\/p>\n
H\u00een xeternaktir ew e ku gotara normativ a li ser yek\u00eetiy\u00ea meyla dike ku kr\u00eez\u00ea di war\u00ea exlaq\u00ee de ji n\u00fb ve \u015f\u00eerove bike: neb\u00fbna \u00eeradey\u00ea, neb\u00fbna hi\u015fmendiy\u00ea, an neb\u00fbna berpirsiyariy\u00ea. Ev dih\u00eale ku heman bang berdewam bike, l\u00ea ew \u015fiyana t\u00eagiha\u015ftina \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean avah\u00eesaziy\u00ea y\u00ean ku per\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea domdar dikin qels dike. Bi gotineke din, gotar dibe am\u00fbrek ji bo pa\u015fxistina r\u00fbbir\u00fbb\u00fbna bi pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea re li \u015f\u00fbna hilwe\u015fandina w\u00ea.<\/p>\n
Berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea, gotara \u00eenterakt\u00eef destp\u00eaka veguher\u00eenek ber bi n\u00eaz\u00eekatiyek cuda ve n\u00ee\u015fan dide. Li \u015f\u00fbna ku yek\u00eetiy\u00ea wek\u00ee \u00e7areseriyek berfireh \u00fb rasterast were d\u00eetin, bang\u00ean pragmat\u00eektir derketine hol\u00ea, ku behsa “yekkirina helwestan”, “k\u00eamkirina pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea”, an “r\u00eavebirina nakokiy\u00ea” dikin li \u015f\u00fbna ku bi tevah\u00ee ji hol\u00ea rakin. Ev ne hewce ye ku veki\u015f\u00eenek ji ramana yek\u00eetiy\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan bide, l\u00ea bel\u00ea t\u00eagiha\u015ftinek mezin n\u00ee\u015fan dide ku pirsgir\u00eak ne di neb\u00fbna dir\u00fb\u015fmeyek\u00ea de ye, l\u00ea di neb\u00fbna \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean ku d\u00ea dir\u00fb\u015fmey\u00ea bi dest bixin de ye.<\/p>\n
Li vir paradoksa bingeh\u00een heye: Her ku gotara li ser yek\u00eetiy\u00ea b\u00eay\u00ee ku texm\u00een\u00ean xwe sererast bike xwe dubare dike, xetera veguher\u00eena w\u00ea ji am\u00fbrek ji bo derbaskirina par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea bo be\u015fek ji mekan\u00eezmaya ji bo hilberandina w\u00ea mezintir dibe. Ev ji ber ku valahiya berfireh di navbera ziman \u00fb rastiy\u00ea de ne ten\u00ea dibe sedema t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna \u00een\u00eesiyat\u00eef\u00ean siyas\u00ee, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de dibe sedema hilwe\u015f\u00eena baweriy\u00ea bi gotara bixwe \u00fb bi \u015fiyana siyaset\u00ea ya hilberandina alternat\u00eef\u00ean rast\u00een.<\/p>\n
Ji xeyala yek\u00eet\u00eey\u00ea ber bi real\u00eezma r\u00eavebirina par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea ve<\/strong><\/p>\nGer par\u00e7eb\u00fbna siyas\u00ee ya kurdan ne ten\u00ea ji neb\u00fbna \u00eeradey\u00ea, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de ji tevliheviyek tevlihev a te\u015fw\u00eeqan, saziy\u00ean qels, nebaweriy\u00ea \u00fb bandora j\u00eengeha her\u00eam\u00ee j\u00ee t\u00ea, w\u00ea hing\u00ea pirsa gir\u00eeng \u00ead\u00ee ne ev e: \u00c7awa dikare par\u00e7eb\u00fbn tavil\u00ea were bidaw\u00eekirin? Berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea, ew \u00e7awa dikare bi awayek\u00ee were r\u00eavebirin ku r\u00ea li ber w\u00ea bigire ku bibe astengiyek da\u00eem\u00ee ji bo \u00e7alakiya siyas\u00ee?<\/p>\n
Gir\u00eengiya v\u00ea guhertin\u00ea di veguhestina w\u00ea ji mentiqa “\u00e7areseriyek daw\u00een” ber bi mentiqa r\u00eaveberiya siyas\u00ee ya pragmat\u00eek ve ye. Pir caran, t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn ne ten\u00ea ji ber dijwarb\u00fbna bidestxistina armanc\u00ea ye, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de ji ber israra li ser dan\u00eena armanc\u00ean ku ji \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean rast\u00een \u00ean ku dest\u00fbr\u00ea didin p\u00eakan\u00eena wan derbas dibin e. Tam li vir e ku pirsgir\u00eaka bi gotara “yek\u00eetiya berfireh” derdikeve hol\u00ea, ku \u00eeht\u00eemala derbasb\u00fbna nakokiy\u00ean avah\u00eesaziy\u00ea bi r\u00eaya bangewaziy\u00ean exlaq\u00ee an \u00eeradeya siyas\u00ee, b\u00eay\u00ee ku p\u00eavajoyek gav bi gav derbas bibe ku \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean ku hevkariy\u00ea gengaz dikin \u00e7areser bike, dihesib\u00eene.<\/p>\n
Ji v\u00ea perspekt\u00eef\u00ea ve, banga “bir\u00eavebirina par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea” nay\u00ea w\u00ea watey\u00ea ku fikra yek\u00eetiy\u00ea wek\u00ee asoyek siyas\u00ee were terikandin, l\u00ea bel\u00ea w\u00ea di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyek real\u00eesttir de ji n\u00fb ve were bicihkirin. Yek\u00eet\u00ee ne xala destp\u00eak\u00ea ye; berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea, heke \u015fert\u00ean w\u00ea werin bic\u00eehan\u00een, ew dikare encama p\u00eavajoyek dir\u00eaj a avakirina baweriy\u00ea, bir\u00eavebirina nakokiyan \u00fb afirandina saziy\u00ean ku dikarin p\u00ea\u015fbaziy\u00ea bi r\u00ea ve bibin be. \u00c7\u00eakirina yek\u00eetiy\u00ea wek\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fdibistanek ji bo her \u00e7alakiyek siyas\u00ee pir caran dibe sedema du felcb\u00fbn\u00ea: Nekar\u00eena bidestxistina yek\u00eetiy\u00ea \u00fb nekar\u00eena avakirina form\u00ean hevkariy\u00ea y\u00ean qism\u00ee li dervey\u00ee w\u00ea.<\/p>\n
N\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ean \u00eenterakt\u00eef \u00ean li dora salvegera Konferansa 26\u00ea N\u00eesan\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan\u00ean zelal \u00ean destp\u00eaka v\u00ea guhertina di raman\u00ea de n\u00ee\u015fan dan, bi n\u00eaz\u00eekatiy\u00ean ku banga “yekkirina helwestan” an “k\u00eamkirina pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea” dikin li \u015f\u00fbna ku bi taybet\u00ee li ser dir\u00fb\u015fma “yekb\u00fbna r\u00eazan” bisekinin. Ev guhertin, tev\u00ee sadeb\u00fbna xwe, hi\u015fmendiyek mezin n\u00ee\u015fan didin ku pirsgir\u00eak ne ten\u00ea di neb\u00fbna lihevkirin\u00ea de ye, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de di xwezaya j\u00eengeh\u00ea de ye ku peyman\u00ean nazik meyla hilwe\u015f\u00eena bilez dike.<\/p>\n
Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ov\u00ea de, “r\u00eavebirina par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea” dibe r\u00eabazek ku armanc dike ku l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbna dabe\u015fb\u00fbn\u00ea k\u00eam bike ne ku heb\u00fbna w\u00ea \u00eenkar bike. Ev t\u00ea v\u00ea watey\u00ea ku ji hewildana jihol\u00earakirina hem\u00ee cudahiyan bi carek\u00ea ve ber bi r\u00eakxistina wan di nav s\u00eenor\u00ean ku r\u00ea li ber z\u00eadeb\u00fbna wan vedikin nav pev\u00e7\u00fbnek da\u00eem\u00ee an felcb\u00fbna siyas\u00ee ve were girtin. Ev yek hewce dike ku li ser form\u00ean hevkariy\u00ea y\u00ean s\u00eenorkir\u00ee \u00fb verastkir\u00ee bisekinin, wek:<\/p>\n
Avakirina kanal\u00ean hevr\u00eaziya qism\u00ee li dora pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean taybet\u00ee.<\/p>\n
P\u00ea\u015fxistina t\u00eagiha\u015ftin\u00ean demk\u00ee ku hewcedariya wan bi entegrasyonek berfireh tune.<\/p>\n
K\u00eamkirina asta z\u00eadeb\u00fbna hevbe\u015f.<\/p>\n
Afirandina c\u00eeh\u00ean ji bo t\u00eakiliy\u00ea ku r\u00ea dide berhevkirina baweriy\u00ea ya gav bi gav.<\/p>\n
Dibe ku ev gav li gor\u00ee retor\u00eeka “yek\u00eetiya netewey\u00ee” nerm xuya bikin, l\u00ea ew bi xwezaya j\u00eengeha siyas\u00ee ya hey\u00ee re lihevhat\u00eetir in. Hevkariya stab\u00eel bi gelemper\u00ee ne bi r\u00eaya peyman\u00ean mezin \u00ean ku hem\u00ee bi carek\u00ea ve t\u00eane ferzkirin, l\u00ea bi r\u00eaya berhevkirina gav bi gav a ezm\u00fbn\u00ean s\u00eenorkir\u00ee ku n\u00ee\u015fan\u00ee aliyan didin ku pabendb\u00fbn mimkun e \u00fb ji ya ku ew bawer dikin k\u00eamtir l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbn e.<\/p>\n
Herwiha, ev r\u00eabaz r\u00ea dide jin\u00fbvep\u00eanasekirina t\u00eagiha serkeftina siyas\u00ee. Di got\u00fbb\u00eaja kevne\u015fop\u00ee de, serkeftin pir caran bi n\u00eaz\u00eekb\u00fbna mirov bi “yek\u00eetiya gi\u015ft\u00ee” t\u00ea p\u00eevandin, standardek ewqas bilind ku her p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbnek qism\u00ee wek\u00ee t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn xuya dike. L\u00eabel\u00ea, di nav mentiqa bir\u00eavebirina neyek\u00eetiy\u00ea de, serkeftin bi \u015fiyana aktoran ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye ku tengezariy\u00ea k\u00eam bikin, hevr\u00eaziy\u00ea ba\u015ftir bikin, an j\u00ee p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee li nakokiyan bigirin ku bibin pev\u00e7\u00fbnek vekir\u00ee. Ev guhertin azweriya siyas\u00ee k\u00eam nake; berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea, ew w\u00ea di rastiy\u00ea de b\u00eatir bingeh digire \u00fb k\u00eamtir \u00eeht\u00eemal dike ku b\u00eah\u00eav\u00ee bibe.<\/p>\n
A her\u00ee gir\u00eeng, bir\u00eavebirina neyek\u00eetiy\u00ea windab\u00fbna nakokiy\u00ean avah\u00eesaziy\u00ea di navbera aktoran de nagire ber \u00e7avan, l\u00ea bel\u00ea bi naskirina wan dest p\u00ea dike. Li \u015f\u00fbna ku hewl bide ku wan bi r\u00eaya got\u00fbb\u00eaj\u00ea derbas bike, ew hewl dide ku wan di nav r\u00eazik\u00ean ku dih\u00eale t\u00eakil\u00ee berdewam bike tev\u00ee heb\u00fbna neraz\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea j\u00ee r\u00eak\u00fbp\u00eak bike. Ev c\u00fbdahiyek gir\u00eeng e, ji ber ku gelek destp\u00ea\u015fxeriy\u00ean ber\u00ea ne ten\u00ea ji ber neb\u00fbna \u00eerade, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de ji ber ku wan \u00eeht\u00eemala hilberandina lihevkirinek berfireh di haw\u00eerdorek de ku bi xwezay\u00ee \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean p\u00eaw\u00eest tune b\u00fbn, texm\u00een dikirin.<\/p>\n
Ev r\u00eabaz dibe ku ji retor\u00eeka yek\u00eetiya kevne\u015fop\u00ee k\u00eamtir romant\u00eek xuya bike, l\u00ea ew b\u00eatir dikare bi rastiy\u00ea re mij\u00fbl bibe wek\u00ee ku ew heye, ne wek\u00ee ku t\u00ea xwestin. Di dawiy\u00ea de, siyaset ne ten\u00ea bi h\u00eaza sloganan, l\u00ea bi \u015fiyana w\u00ea ya \u00e7\u00eakirina r\u00eakeftin\u00ean guncaw t\u00ea p\u00eevandin. Ji v\u00ea perspekt\u00eef\u00ea ve, veguheztina ji “xeyala yek\u00eetiya tavil\u00ea” ber bi “real\u00eezma bir\u00eavebirina par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea” dibe ku ne veki\u015f\u00eenek ji projeya siyas\u00ee be, l\u00ea dibe ku gava yekem be ber bi avakirina \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean aramtir ve ku r\u00ea dide jin\u00fbvehizir\u00eena yek\u00eetiy\u00ea li ser bingeh\u00ean k\u00eamtir nazik \u00fb domdartir.<\/p>\n
Encam<\/strong><\/p>\nPi\u015ft\u00ee van hem\u00fb bangewaziyan, destp\u00ea\u015fxeriyan \u00fb peyman\u00ean netemam, dibe ku pirsa her\u00ee gir\u00eeng ne ev be: \u00c7ima yek\u00eetiya kurdan p\u00eak nehatiye? Berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea, \u00e7ima em w\u00ea wek\u00ee \u00e7areseriyek e\u015fkere dib\u00eenin ku bi ten\u00ea bi dubarekirina bangewaziy\u00ea dikare were bidestxistin?<\/p>\n
Gir\u00eengiya v\u00ea pirs\u00ea di w\u00ea rastiy\u00ea de ye ku ew n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ea ji asta encaman ber bi asta texm\u00een\u00ean ku gotara siyas\u00ee bi xwe li ser bingeha w\u00ea ye ve dibe. Yek\u00eet\u00ee, wek\u00ee ku ji anal\u00eezek li ser gotara el\u00eet \u00fb \u00eenterakt\u00eef a li dora salvegera Konferansa 26\u00ea N\u00eesan\u00ea xuya dike, pir caran wek\u00ee encamek \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean siyas\u00ee \u00fb saz\u00fbman\u00ee y\u00ean tevlihev nay\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f kirin, l\u00ea bel\u00ea wek\u00ee nirxek normativ ku t\u00ea texm\u00eenkirin ku heke \u00eerade an “niyeta rast\u00een” hebe, were bidestxistin. L\u00eabel\u00ea, par\u00e7eb\u00fbna berdewam, tev\u00ee hi\u015fmendiya berfireh a pirsgir\u00eaka w\u00ea, n\u00ee\u015fan dide ku pirsgir\u00eak ji neb\u00fbna \u00eeradeyek\u00ea k\u00fbrtir e.<\/p>\n
Ev rew\u015f ne ten\u00ea zehmetiya bidestxistina yek\u00eetiy\u00ea e\u015fkere dike, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de s\u00eenorkirin\u00ean n\u00eaz\u00eekatiyek ku w\u00ea wek\u00ee \u00e7areseriyeke amade dib\u00eene, ji haw\u00eerdora ku t\u00ea texm\u00eenkirin ku w\u00ea hilber\u00eene veqetand\u00ee ye. Dema ku te\u015fw\u00eeq\u00ean siyas\u00ee xweseriy\u00ea te\u015fw\u00eeq dikin, saz\u00ee nikarin pabendb\u00fbn\u00ea bi cih b\u00eenin, bawer\u00ee qels e \u00fb faktor\u00ean dervey\u00ee bi tund\u00ee hene, par\u00e7eb\u00fbn ne \u015fa\u015ftiyeke demk\u00ee ye, l\u00ea dibe qalibek domdar, dibe ku di nav \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean xwe y\u00ean taybet\u00ee de j\u00ee maq\u00fbl be.<\/p>\n
Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, pirsgir\u00eak ne ten\u00ea di berdewamiya par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea de ye, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de di hilber\u00eena berdewam a gotarek de ye ku soz dide ku b\u00eay\u00ee \u00e7areserkirina \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean ku w\u00ea hilber\u00eenin w\u00ea derbas bike. Her \u00e7erxek n\u00fb ya bang\u00ean nep\u00eakan ji bo yek\u00eetiy\u00ea ne ten\u00ea dibe sedema t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna siyas\u00ee, l\u00ea di heman dem\u00ea de valahiya di navbera retor\u00eek \u00fb rastiy\u00ea de fireh dike, ramana yek\u00eetiy\u00ea ji asoyek seferberkirin\u00ea vediguher\u00eene \u00e7avkaniyeke guman \u00fb b\u00eah\u00eav\u00eetiy\u00ea ya z\u00eade.<\/p>\n
Berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea, hin guhartin di nav gotara \u00eenterakt\u00eef de destp\u00eaka tevger\u00ea ber bi n\u00eaz\u00eekatiyek cuda ve e\u015fkere dikin, yek ku k\u00eamtir r\u00eawerz e \u00fb b\u00eatir li ser rastiy\u00ea ye. Ev n\u00eaz\u00eekat\u00ee ten\u00ea napirse: Em \u00e7awa dibin yek? L\u00ea bel\u00ea: Ev par\u00e7eb\u00fbn \u00e7awa dikare bi awayek\u00ee were bir\u00eavebirin ku l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbna w\u00ea k\u00eam bike, r\u00ea li ber felcb\u00fbna may\u00eende bigire \u00fb h\u00ead\u00ee h\u00ead\u00ee \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean hevkariy\u00ea y\u00ean aramtir ava bike?<\/p>\n
Ev r\u00eabaz dibe ku ji h\u00eala siyas\u00ee an hestyar\u00ee ve nerehet be, ji ber ku ew soza \u00e7areseriyeke bilez \u00fb berfireh dide aliyek\u00ee. L\u00eabel\u00ea, ew hewl dide ku siyaset\u00ea wek\u00ee r\u00eaveberiya tevliheviy\u00ea bib\u00eene, ne wek\u00ee \u00eenkarkirina w\u00ea. Di v\u00ea watey\u00ea de, gava yekem a ber bi derbaskirina par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea ve dibe ku bi bang\u00ean ji bo yek\u00eetiy\u00ea dest p\u00ea neke, l\u00ea bi ji n\u00fb ve fikir\u00eena ka pirsgir\u00eak di destp\u00eak\u00ea de \u00e7awa hatib\u00fb f\u00eamkirin.<\/p>\n
Di siyaset\u00ea de, pirsa xelet ne k\u00eamtir xeternak e ji bersiva xelet. Dibe ku yek ji sedem\u00ean ku kr\u00eez berdewam kiriye ev e ku me pir z\u00eade dem li l\u00eager\u00eena “\u00e7awa bidestxistina yek\u00eetiy\u00ea” derbas kiriye, li \u015f\u00fbna ku em hewl bidin ku \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean ku neyek\u00eetiy\u00ea ji yek\u00eetiy\u00ea bi xwe domdartir dikin fam bikin.<\/p>\n
N\u00ee\u015fe li ser bikaran\u00eena am\u00fbr\u00ean AI<\/strong><\/p>\nAm\u00fbr\u00ean AI y\u00ean ziman\u00ee di hin qonax\u00ean amadekirina v\u00ea niv\u00ees\u00ea de ji bo al\u00eekariya r\u00eaxistinkirina ramanan, ba\u015ftirkirina hevoksaz\u00ee \u00fb ba\u015ftirkirina \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ea hatine bikaran\u00een. Ev am\u00fbr wek\u00ee am\u00fbreke pi\u015ftgiriya tekn\u00eek\u00ee hatine bikaran\u00een \u00fb \u015f\u00fbna hewldana anal\u00eet\u00eek an rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ee ya l\u00eakol\u00eener nagirin.<\/p>\n
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J\u00eader:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
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Papacharissi, Z. (2015). Affective publics: Sentiment, technology, and politics. Oxford University Press.<\/p>\n
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[1] \u2013 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646:\u00a0 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0643\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0643\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631: \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u064a.\u201d \u0641\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646: \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n
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Dr. Muslim Ebd Talas Made bi ereb\u00ee j\u00ee heye \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 P\u00ea\u015fgotin Mijara “yek\u00eetiya kurd\u00ee” li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di x\u00eetaba siyas\u00ee ya kurdan de cihek\u00ee navend\u00ee digire, heta ku b\u00fbye \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyeke gi\u015ft\u00ee ya \u015f\u00eerovekirina \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyek ku sedem\u00ean h\u00eaz \u00fb lawaziy\u00ea, serkeftin \u00fb t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb heta rewab\u00fbna aktor\u00ean siyas\u00ee j\u00ee bi xwe. Yek\u00eet\u00ee ne ten\u00ea wek armanceke siyas\u00ee […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,22],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[191],"class_list":["post-14466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lekolin","category-manshet"],"yoast_head":"\n
Gelo banga yek\u00eetiya kurd\u00ee b\u00fbye be\u015fek ji pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea? - Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-211\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gelo banga yek\u00eetiya kurd\u00ee b\u00fbye be\u015fek ji pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea? - Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dr. Muslim Ebd Talas Made bi ereb\u00ee j\u00ee heye \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 P\u00ea\u015fgotin Mijara “yek\u00eetiya kurd\u00ee” li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di x\u00eetaba siyas\u00ee ya kurdan de cihek\u00ee navend\u00ee digire, heta ku b\u00fbye \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyeke gi\u015ft\u00ee ya \u015f\u00eerovekirina \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyek ku sedem\u00ean h\u00eaz \u00fb lawaziy\u00ea, serkeftin \u00fb t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb heta rewab\u00fbna aktor\u00ean siyas\u00ee j\u00ee bi xwe. 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- Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-211\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Gelo banga yek\u00eetiya kurd\u00ee b\u00fbye be\u015fek ji pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea? - Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan","og_description":"Dr. Muslim Ebd Talas Made bi ereb\u00ee j\u00ee heye \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 P\u00ea\u015fgotin Mijara “yek\u00eetiya kurd\u00ee” li S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di x\u00eetaba siyas\u00ee ya kurdan de cihek\u00ee navend\u00ee digire, heta ku b\u00fbye \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyeke gi\u015ft\u00ee ya \u015f\u00eerovekirina \u00e7ar\u00e7oveyek ku sedem\u00ean h\u00eaz \u00fb lawaziy\u00ea, serkeftin \u00fb t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb heta rewab\u00fbna aktor\u00ean siyas\u00ee j\u00ee bi xwe. Yek\u00eet\u00ee ne ten\u00ea wek armanceke siyas\u00ee […]","og_url":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-211\/","og_site_name":"Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan","article_published_time":"2026-05-17T17:14:23+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":682,"url":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AFP__20260428__MEI-SYR-DR-GMMKS-20260420-0006__v1__MidRes__GhazalMowlanMarchKobaniSy-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan","Est. reading time":"28 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-211\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-211\/"},"author":{"name":"Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan","@id":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/#\/schema\/person\/0f330c9617910fb271a0bbdec9aa27d1"},"headline":"Gelo banga yek\u00eetiya kurd\u00ee b\u00fbye be\u015fek ji pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea?","datePublished":"2026-05-17T17:14:23+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-211\/"},"wordCount":7685,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-211\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/AFP__20260428__MEI-SYR-DR-GMMKS-20260420-0006__v1__MidRes__GhazalMowlanMarchKobaniSy-1.jpg","articleSection":["L\u00eakol\u00een","Manshet"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-211\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-211\/","url":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-211\/","name":"Gelo banga yek\u00eetiya kurd\u00ee b\u00fbye be\u015fek ji pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea? 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