{"id":14282,"date":"2026-02-01T18:17:04","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T18:17:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/?p=14282"},"modified":"2026-02-01T18:17:04","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T18:17:04","slug":"1-168","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-168\/","title":{"rendered":"Nasnameya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea \u00e7i ye?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mihemed Seyid Risas<\/strong><\/p>\n

Made bi ereb\u00ee j\u00ee heye \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Di 80 sal\u00ee de, ya di navbera serxweb\u00fbna S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ji Fransay\u00ea di 17\u00ea n\u00eesana 1946an \u00fb heta d\u00eeroka destp\u00eakirina aloziya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea li Deray\u00ea di 18\u00ea adara 20211an de, hestek li gel\u00a0 be\u015fek mezin ji ereb\u00ean di S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de heb\u00fb ku kinc\u00ea s\u00fbriyay\u00ee li ser wan teng b\u00fbye. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee partiya netewey\u00ee ya s\u00fbriyay\u00ee di nava welatiy\u00ean dewleta S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de lawaz b\u00fb \u00fb Partiya Gel j\u00ea xurtir b\u00fb, ku hewl da di sal\u00ean 40 \u00fb 50\u00ee de Yekitiya Kevana Z\u00ear\u00een bi Iraq\u00ea re \u00e7\u00eabike, herwiha Ixwan El-Musilm\u00een j\u00ee hewl da gir\u00eadana ol\u00ee \u00e7\u00eabike, ku ew ne li dij ereb\u00eezm b\u00fbn berovaj\u00ee hevrey\u00ean xwe y\u00ean li Qah\u00eerey\u00ea. Ji aliyek\u00ee din ve j\u00ee, y\u00ean her\u00ee xurt di S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de, erebperest\u00ean nasir\u00ee \u00fb beis\u00ee, ku ew di pirat\u00eek\u00ea de ji desthilatdariya li ser \u015eam\u00ea ji 22\u00ea sibata 1958an, bi navbera hukim\u00ea qutb\u00fbna bi\u00e7\u00fbk ji Misir\u00ea, ango di navbera 28\u00ea \u00eelona 1961\u00ea \u00fb 8\u00ea adara 1963yan de, ku diyar b\u00fb bingeha wan a civak\u00ee lawaz b\u00fb, pi\u015ftre erebperest hatin \u00fb careke din bi r\u00eaya hevalbendiya di navbera nasir\u00ee-beis\u00ee di 8\u00ea adara 1963yan b\u00fbne desthilatdar. Pi\u015ftre Beis ji 18\u00ea \u00eelona 1963yan ve, tena xwe b\u00fb desthilatdar.<\/p>\n

\u00ceht\u00eemala her\u00ee mezin j\u00ee sedema v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee ew b\u00fb ku Pad\u00ee\u015fahiya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ya ku di adara 1920\u00ee de hate ragihandin beriya ku fransiz pi\u015ft\u00ee 4 mehan werin \u00fb w\u00ea tune bikin, ku \u015eer\u00eef His\u00ean \u00fb kur\u00ea w\u00ee Feysel li ser projeya “\u015eore\u015fa ereb\u00ee ya mezin”ya li dij Osmaniyan di 10\u00ea hez\u00eerana 1916an de hatib\u00fb damezrandin. Niyet ew b\u00fb ku avakirina dewleteke ereb\u00ee ji \u00e7iyay\u00ea Anatolyay\u00ea heta Kendava Eden\u00ea \u00fb ji Deryaya Nav\u00een \u00fb Sor heta \u00c7iyay\u00ea Zagros\u00ea. L\u00ea Feysil ten\u00ea bi pad\u00ee\u015fahiya xwe di sala 1920\u00ee de s\u00eenordar ma ku desthilatdariya xwe li ser (S\u00fbriyaya mezin bi \u00e7ar be\u015f\u00ean xwe) ragihand, l\u00ea ev yek ten\u00ea li ser kaxez\u00ea b\u00fb, ji ber ku rastiy\u00ean li ser erd\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbn dib\u00eajin ku dewleta Lubnan ya mezin pi\u015ft\u00ee 40 roj\u00ee ji \u015eer\u00ea Meyselon\u00ea (24\u00ea t\u00eermeha 1920\u00ee) \u00e7\u00eab\u00fb, pi\u015ft\u00ee w\u00ea j\u00ee xanedana rojhilat\u00ea Urdun\u00ea di adara 1921\u00ea de hat \u00fb ya her\u00ee metirs\u00eedar j\u00ee Weed Bilfor li Filist\u00een\u00ea, ku Bir\u00eetaniyay\u00ea dest bi amadekirin\u00ea j\u00ea re dikir, ji dema ku general Alenb\u00ee di kan\u00fbna 1917an de kete Qudis\u00ea. Feysel His\u00ean xwe radest\u00ee v\u00ea \u00e7aren\u00fbs\u00ea kir, ku er\u00ea kir bibe pad\u00ee\u015fahek li ser Iraq\u00ea di tebaxa 1921\u00ea de ku ji aliy\u00ea London\u00ea ve hate diyarkirin. L\u00ea w\u00ee \u00fb malbata Ha\u015fim\u00ee li Bexdad\u00ea heta 14\u00ea t\u00eermeha 1958an hewldan\u00ean xwe her dewam dikirin ku \u015eam \u00fb Bexdad\u00ea bixin bin desthiltdariya Ha\u015fim\u00ee.<\/p>\n

Ev meyla gi\u015ft\u00ee ya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ji ber biservekirina li ser axa Tirkiyey\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea Fransay\u00ea ve hate xurtkirin, ku r\u00fbbera S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ya di bin mandata Fransay\u00ea de ji 25\u00ea t\u00eermeha 1920\u00ee ve k\u00eam kir. Ev dikare bi S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di bin Mandata Fransay\u00ea de di Peymana Sevr\u00ea (tebaxa 1920\u00ee) de were berhevkirin, ku s\u00eenor\u00ea S\u00fbriya-Tirkiyay\u00ea heta xeta Pirs\u00fbs-Gaz\u00eeyantep-Urfa-M\u00eard\u00een-Cizre (Cizra Botan) dir\u00eaj dib\u00fb, heta Peymana Lozan\u00ea (t\u00eermeha 1923yan), ku ew s\u00eenor k\u00eam kir s\u00eenor\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean niha. Pi\u015ftre, di dawiya sal\u00ean 1930\u00ee de, Fransay\u00ea Senceqa \u00ceskender\u00fbn\u00ea da Enqeray\u00ea \u00fb ew ji s\u00eenor\u00ean ku di Peymana Lozan\u00ea de hatine destn\u00ee\u015fankirin, ku ew j\u00ee bi Enqeray\u00ea re hatib\u00fb gir\u00eadan, veqetand. Ev binp\u00eakirinek e\u015fkere ya Fransay\u00ea ya belgeya Mandat\u00ea b\u00fb, ku li gor\u00ee Netewey\u00ean Yekb\u00fby\u00ee, destn\u00ee\u015fan dikir ku h\u00eaza mecb\u00fbr\u00ee div\u00ea s\u00eenor\u00ean axa mandatkir\u00ee bipar\u00eaze \u00fb nede aliyek\u00ee din. Par\u00ees\u00ea bi \u00eelhaqkirina be\u015fek ji S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bo aliyek\u00ee din, belgeya Mandat\u00ea binp\u00ea nekir; herwiha hewl da ku axa S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bike \u00e7end dewletan (\u015eam, Heleb, Dewleta Cebel El-Durz\u00ee \u00fb Dewleta Elew\u00ee). Ev projeya par\u00e7ekirina Fransay\u00ea t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fb dema ku Par\u00ees di peymana 1936an de j\u00ea pa\u015fve gav av\u00eat. Di prat\u00eek\u00ea de, Fransay\u00ea damezrandina dewleta S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ya yekgirt\u00ee di sala 1943yan de qeb\u00fbl nekir ji bil\u00ee ku \u015eam\u00ea dewleta Lubnan\u00ea nas kir, ku \u00e7ar nav\u00e7e ber\u00ee ku valakirina Fransay\u00ea di 17\u00ea n\u00eesana 1946an de p\u00eak were girt.<\/p>\n

Li vir, ti\u015ft\u00ea ku di navbera 10\u00ea hez\u00eerana 1916-17\u00ea n\u00eesana 1946an \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye, ew der\u00fbniya s\u00fbriyay\u00ee ya ereb\u00eezm ava kir \u00fb ev yek j\u00ee hi\u015ft ku li kinc\u00ea xwe bin\u00eare ku li ser w\u00ee teng b\u00fbye. Di nava ereb\u00ean s\u00fbriyay\u00ee de, hestek\u00ee ereb\u00eezm li gel be\u015fek mezin ji wan \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbb\u00fb b\u00fb ku ji ya hem\u00fb ereban xurttir b\u00fb. Ev yek j\u00ee di bingeh\u00ea xwe de, xwe disp\u00eare ti\u015ft\u00ea di navbera herdu rojan de \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbye, herwiha Dewleta Emewiyan ragihandina damezrandina dewleta ereb\u00ee b\u00fb, l\u00ea bi \u015f\u00eaweyek\u00ee \u00eeslam\u00ee, ber\u00ee ku Ebas\u00ee werin \u00fb Emewiyan hilwe\u015f\u00eenin, bi r\u00eaya serekek\u00ee ereb \u00fb la\u015fek\u00ee faris ber bi projeyek dewletek Misilman a navnetewey\u00ee ve ku pa\u015f\u00ea di navbera ereb \u00fb farisan de hate dabe\u015fkirin, ber\u00ee ku tirk\u00ean sel\u00e7\u00fbk\u00ee s\u00ea sed sal pi\u015ft\u00ee damezrandina dewleta ebas\u00ee werin \u00fb ber\u00ee ku c\u00eehana \u00eeslam\u00ee di navbera osmaniy\u00ean sun\u00ee \u00fb sefewiy\u00ean \u015f\u00ee\u00ee de bi r\u00eaya \u015eer\u00ea \u00c7aldiran\u00ea di 1514an de were dabe\u015fkirin.<\/p>\n

Derbar\u00ea nasnameya ereb\u00eezm ya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di navbera 17\u00ea n\u00eesana 1946an-18\u00ea adara 2011an de, tu n\u00eeqa\u015fek\u00ee cid\u00ee \u00e7\u00eaneb\u00fbye. Di dema aloziya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de ku di sala 2011an de dest p\u00ea kir, pirs\u00ean xurt derbar\u00ea nasnameya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea kurd\u00ean S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ve hatin kirin, ku h\u00eaza wan j\u00ee z\u00eade b\u00fb bi saya destekday\u00eena Amer\u00eekay\u00ea ji wan re di \u015fer\u00ea li dij DAI\u015e\u00ea de \u00fb kurdan j\u00ee ev yek bi kar an\u00ee \u00fb di hevk\u00ea\u015fiya aloziya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de, kurd b\u00fbne xwed\u00ee cihek\u00ee gir\u00eeng. Herwiha ev pirs ji aliy\u00ea sekular\u00eestan ve j\u00ee t\u00eane kirin ku bi fobiya \u00eeslamiyan dij\u00een, di hevk\u00ea\u015fey\u00ean der\u00fbn\u00ee \u00fb rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ee de ku Sey\u00eed Qutb wek\u00ee wekhev\u00ee ereb\u00eezm\u00ea dib\u00eenin, tev\u00ee ku ew ramanwerek\u00ee navnetewey\u00ee b\u00fb \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea sembola her\u00ee mezin a ereb\u00eezm\u00ea, ango Cemal Ebdulnasir, di sala 1966an de hat \u00eedamkirin. Di heman dem\u00ea de, gelek xiristiyan\u00ean s\u00fbriyay\u00ee j\u00ee li dij ereb\u00eezm\u00ea ne, ku dib\u00eenin nasnameya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea hate desteserkirin, ji dema t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fbna B\u00eezansa li p\u00ea\u015fiya musilmnan di \u015fer\u00ea Yerm\u00fbk di sala 636. Ji aliy\u00ea din ve j\u00ee, desthilatdariya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ya Beis\u00ee 1963-2024an, gir\u00eadana wan a xurt bi ereb\u00eezm\u00ea heb\u00fb \u00fb di x\u00eetaba wan a ferm\u00ee de, yekitiya nasnamey\u00ea di navbera(ereb\u00eezm) \u00fb(\u00eeslam\u00ea) de heb\u00fb, li gor\u00ee teoriya M\u00ee\u015f\u00eal Efleq ku dib\u00eene \u00eeslam giyan\u00ea ereb\u00eezm\u00ea ye. Ev yek r\u00ea li ber rej\u00eema S\u00fbriyay\u00ea negirt ku di \u015fer\u00ea xwe y\u00ea li dij\u00ee \u00eeslam\u00eestan de her\u00ee dijwar be, wek\u00ee ku bi ezm\u00fbn\u00ean sal\u00ean 1979-1982yan \u00fb 2011-2024an hatiye \u00eespatkirin. Ev teoriya Efleq\u00ee hevpeymaniya Hafiz El-Esed \u00fb kur\u00ea w\u00ee di war\u00ea \u00e7and\u00ee-qan\u00fbn\u00ee de bi (\u00eeslama \u015f\u00eaxl\u00ee ya ferm\u00ee) re rave dike.<\/p>\n

Bi r\u00fbxandina rej\u00eema Beis\u00ea li \u015eam\u00ea di 8\u00ea kan\u00fbna 2024an de, mirov dikare b\u00eaje ku s\u00eestema siyas\u00ee ya ereb\u00eezm\u00ea ya daw\u00ee hate r\u00fbxandin, pi\u015ft\u00ee tecrubeya beisiyan li Iraq\u00ea 1968-2003yan \u00fb pi\u015ft\u00ee tecrubeya Ebdulnasir li Misir\u00ea 1952-1970. Di nav piraniya ereb\u00ean hemdem de wiha t\u00eagiha\u015ft\u00ee ye ku \u00eedeolojiya ereb\u00eezm\u00ea di war\u00ean (yek\u00eetiya ereban), (Filist\u00een) \u00fb (modern\u00eezasyon\u00ea) de t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fbye, heya ku berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea \u00e7\u00eaneb\u00fb dema ku beisiyan Iraq \u00fb S\u00fbriya di rew\u015fek par\u00e7eb\u00fbna mezheb\u00ee de hi\u015ftin \u00fb pirsgir\u00eaka kurd di rew\u015feke aloz de hi\u015ftin.<\/p>\n

\u00ceht\u00eemala mezin ku ereb\u00eezm w\u00ea bibe gir\u00eadaneke \u00e7and\u00ee-civak\u00ee di nava ereb\u00ean s\u00fbriyay\u00ee de, ne gir\u00eadaneke siyas\u00ee, pi\u015ft\u00ee ku tecrubey\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean siyas\u00ee ku di sal\u00ean 50 \u00fb 60\u00ee de dest p\u00ea kir, t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fbn. Di heman dem\u00ea de, tevgera ereb\u00eezm\u00ea \u00ead\u00ee neb\u00fbye tevgereke siyas\u00ee an j\u00ee \u00eedeoloj\u00ee ya xwed\u00ee giraniyeke mezin. Ereb\u00eezm hestek\u00ee nasnameyeke \u015faristan\u00ee-\u00e7and\u00ee ya taybet e ku dikare ereb \u00fb neereb j\u00ee di nav xwe de bigire \u00fb ew ne nasnameyek e ku li ser kesek\u00ee hatiye ferzkirin an j\u00ee nasnameyeke mecb\u00fbr\u00ee ye ji bo welatek\u00ee.<\/p>\n

Hinek pirs hene ku div\u00ea li S\u00fbriyaya pi\u015ft\u00ee Beis\u00ea werin pirs\u00een, pi\u015ft\u00ee ku ereb\u00eezm, wek\u00ee tevgereke \u00eedeoloj\u00ee-siyas\u00ee, di ezm\u00fbna desthilatdariy\u00ea \u00fb di giha\u015ftina armanc\u00ean xwe de t\u00eak \u00e7\u00fb. Ev t\u00ea v\u00ea watey\u00ea ku hewldan\u00ean avakirina nasnameyeke ereb\u00ee ji bo welat giha\u015ftine r\u00eayeke b\u00ea encam, b\u00eay\u00ee ku ev were v\u00ea watey\u00ea ku S\u00fbriya ne a\u00eed\u00ee derdora xwe ya ereb e, an j\u00ee ereb\u00ean S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bi ereb\u00ean din re t\u00eakiliy\u00ean wan tunene, m\u00eena ku kurd\u00ean S\u00fbriyay\u00ea bi kurd\u00ean Tirkiyay\u00ea yan \u00ean din re t\u00eakiliy\u00ean \u00e7and\u00ee-civak\u00ee dib\u00eene.<\/p>\n

Ev pirs j\u00ee wiha ne: Nasnameya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea \u00e7i ye?.. Gelo (s\u00fbriyay\u00eeb\u00fbn) t\u00ear\u00ea dike bibe nasnameya s\u00fbriyayiyan, an j\u00ee taybetmendiyeke ji bo dewleteke p\u00eakhateyan \u00fb par\u00ean ol\u00ee-mezheb\u00ee-netewey\u00ee, wek\u00ee (iraq\u00eekirina) li Iraq\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee 2003yan p\u00eak hat?.. An j\u00ee div\u00ea l\u00eager\u00een li ser welatek\u00ee b\u00ea nasname \u00e7\u00eabibe ku ten\u00ea wekheviya welatiyan di azad\u00ee \u00fb erkan de p\u00eak were, d\u00fbr\u00ee ol, mezheb, netewe, etn\u00eek, zayend \u00fb meyla siyas\u00ee \u00fb ev welat\u00ee azadiya demokras\u00ee bi kar b\u00eenin?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mihemed Seyid Risas Made bi ereb\u00ee j\u00ee heye \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u00a0 Di 80 sal\u00ee de, ya di navbera serxweb\u00fbna S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ji Fransay\u00ea di 17\u00ea n\u00eesana 1946an \u00fb heta d\u00eeroka destp\u00eakirina aloziya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea li Deray\u00ea di 18\u00ea adara 20211an de, hestek li gel\u00a0 be\u015fek mezin ji ereb\u00ean di S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de heb\u00fb ku kinc\u00ea s\u00fbriyay\u00ee li ser wan teng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14283,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,22],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[191],"class_list":["post-14282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gotar","category-manshet"],"yoast_head":"\nNasnameya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea \u00e7i ye? 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