{"id":14202,"date":"2025-12-01T09:56:27","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T09:56:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/?p=14202"},"modified":"2025-12-01T09:56:27","modified_gmt":"2025-12-01T09:56:27","slug":"1-147","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-147\/","title":{"rendered":"Rew\u015fa Term\u00eedor.. Nirxandinek li ser n\u00ear\u00eena rojava ji desthilatdariya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ya n\u00fb re"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mihemed Seyid Risas<\/strong><\/p>\n

Made bi ereb\u00ee j\u00ee heye \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n

Di sala 1936an de, Leon Trotsky pirt\u00fbka xwe ya bi nav\u00ea “The Betrayed Revolution: Rexne li tecrubeya stal\u00een\u00eest “we\u015fand ku t\u00ea de rew\u015fa Yekitiya Sovyet\u00ea, dinirx\u00eene. Trotsky d\u00eet ku “\u00e7\u00eeneke n\u00fb ji desthilatdaran heye ku dixwaze xwe ji r\u00eagez\u00ean kevn xelas bike \u00fb gel bi\u015fop\u00eene \u00fb li desthilatdariyeke bi garant\u00ee di doz\u00ean xwe y\u00ean navxwey\u00ee de digeriyan. Stal\u00een j\u00ee ku wek\u00ee r\u00fby\u00ea din di asta duyem \u00ea \u015fore\u015f de derket, wek\u00ee serok\u00ea burokrasiya Term\u00eedor \u00fb yekem\u00een Ter\u00eem\u00eedor b\u00fb “(The Betrayed Revolution, we\u015fanxaneya El-Tel\u00eea, Beyr\u00fbt 1968an, r.100). Pi\u015ftre l\u00ea z\u00eade dike \u00fb di\u00eabje: \u00a0“Ne ten\u00ea, burokras\u00ee li dij opoz\u00eesyona \u00e7epgir\u00ee biser neket (ku bi serokatiya Trotsky li dij Stal\u00een b\u00fb pi\u015ft\u00ee mirina Len\u00een sala 1924an), l\u00ea bel\u00ea li dij partiya Bol\u015fev\u00eek \u00fb bernameya Len\u00een bi ser ket.. Be\u015fa pa\u015f\u00een a giran ji ser\u00ea \u015fore\u015f\u00ea girantir xuya b\u00fb. Ev \u015f\u00eerovey\u00ean Term\u00eedora Sovyet\u00ea ne”(r.101).<\/p>\n

Kes\u00ea ku d\u00eeroka tevgera marks\u00eest a r\u00fbs\u00ee bixw\u00eene, w\u00ea bib\u00eene ku ji destp\u00eak\u00ea cureyek ji balki\u015fandin\u00ea li gel sembol\u00ean tevger\u00ea (Len\u00een, Martov, Trotsky, Buxarin\u2026hwd) li ser tecrubeya \u015fore\u015fa Fransay\u00ea di sala 1789an de \u00fb pi\u015ft\u00ee w\u00ea heb\u00fb. Heta, nakokiy\u00ean Len\u00een Bol\u015fev\u00eek bi Men\u015fev\u00eek Martov re dema par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea 1903yan ya partiy\u00ea, d\u00eesa frans\u00ee t\u00ea de amade b\u00fb, ku lihevkirin \u015fore\u015fa r\u00fbs\u00ee armanca xwe demokras\u00ee ye, ne sosyal\u00eest e (Ev j\u00ee a\u015fkere ye di pirt\u00fbka Len\u00een de ku sala 1905an de hate we\u015fandin: “Plan\u00ean sosyal\u00eest-demokras\u00ee di \u015fore\u015fa demokrat\u00ee de”, pi\u015ftre Len\u00een ner\u00eena xwe di sala 1917an de guhart \u00fb silogan\u00ean \u015fore\u015fa sosyal\u00eest di “mijar\u00ean n\u00eesan\u00ea” de bi kar an\u00ee). L\u00ea nakok\u00ee ew b\u00fb ku Len\u00een d\u00eet burjuwaziya r\u00fbs\u00ee nikar\u00eeb\u00fb armanc\u00ean 1789an a demokrasiya burjuwaz\u00ee p\u00eak b\u00eene \u00fb marks\u00eest \u00fb partiya \u00e7\u00eena karker ew \u00ea \u015fore\u015f\u00ea bi r\u00ea ve bibin ji bo p\u00eakan\u00eena wan armancan. L\u00ea Martov d\u00eet ku ji bo p\u00eakan\u00eena armanc\u00ean demokrasiy\u00ea, li k\u00ealeka burjuwaziy\u00ea bi sekine li beramber\u00ee qeyseriya, ar\u00eestokrat\u00ee \u00fb d\u00ear\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Li vir, bol\u015fev\u00eek \u00fb men\u015fev\u00eek li hev kirin ku jakob\u00een, bi p\u00ea\u015fengiya Robespierre, di dema serokatiya wan a \u015eore\u015fa Frans\u00ee de ji 2y\u00ea hez\u00eerana 1793yan heta 27\u00ea t\u00eermeha 1794an, paqijiya \u015fore\u015fger \u00fb bask\u00ea \u00e7ep \u00ea \u015eore\u015fa Frans\u00ee tems\u00eel dikirin. Ew herwiha li hev kirin ku hilwe\u015fandina jakob\u00eenan di 27\u00ea t\u00eermeha 1794an de (li gor\u00ee salnameya ku ji h\u00eala \u015eore\u015fa Frans\u00ee ve hat\u00ee pejirandin, ku ji salnameya Gregor\u00ee cuda b\u00fb, bi Term\u00eedor 9 re t\u00eakildar e) ji r\u00eaya \u015fore\u015fger\u00ee ya \u015fore\u015fa 14\u00ea t\u00eermeha 1789an d\u00fbrketinek b\u00fb, gavek ber bi r\u00eayek “derew\u00een” ve ku \u015fore\u015f\u00ea bi daw\u00ee kir. Wek\u00ee din, wan arg\u00fbman kir ku “Term\u00eedor”, \u00ean ku bi kontrola xwe ya li ser Konvansiyona Netewey\u00ee (ku pa\u015f\u00ea xwe hilwe\u015fand \u00fb desthilat\u00ean xwe di 2\u00ea Mijdara 1795an de delegey\u00ee R\u00eaveberiy\u00ea kir) hukum kirin, ji “r\u00eaya rast” d\u00fbrketinek tems\u00eel dikirin, l\u00ea b\u00eay\u00ee vegera monar\u015fiya kevin \u00fb b\u00eay\u00ee pabendb\u00fbna bi xeta \u015fore\u015fger\u00ee. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, dijberiya wan ji \u00e7epgiran (bermahiy\u00ean jakob\u00een \u00fb wekhevpar\u00eaz\u00ean komun\u00eest \u00ean bi serokatiya Babeuf) \u00fb ji rastgir\u00ean qraliyet\u00ea hat, ku dixwestin monar\u015fiya ku \u015fore\u015f\u00ea hilwe\u015fandib\u00fb veger\u00eenin. V\u00ea yek\u00ea di ke\u015ftiya Thermidorian de rew\u015fek kaos \u00fb aloziy\u00ea \u00e7\u00eakir, heta ku efser Napoleon Bonaparte hat \u00fb di darbeya 18\u00ea Brumaire\/9\u00ea mijdara 1799an de R\u00eabernameya Thermidorian hilwe\u015fand \u00fb bi tena ser\u00ea xwe bi h\u00eaza art\u00ea\u015fa xwe desthilatdar\u00ee girt dest\u00ea xwe.<\/p>\n

Trotsky sedem\u00ean serkeftina Term\u00eedor\u00ean li dij jakob\u00een wiha anal\u00eez dike: “Westandina gel \u00fb neb\u00fbna kadroyan di sedsala 18an de, b\u00fbne al\u00eekar ku Term\u00eedor li dij jakob\u00een bi serketin. L\u00eakol\u00eena anal\u00eez\u00ee ya d\u00eerok\u00ee ji v\u00ea mijar\u00ea re pi\u015ft\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea, d\u00eet ku bingeha jakob\u00een xwe dispart \u00e7\u00een\u00ean j\u00ear\u00een \u00ean burjuwaziya bi\u00e7\u00fbk a ku bi p\u00eal\u00ea re dibeziya. Ti\u015ftek\u00ee normal e ku \u015fore\u015fa sedsala 18an, ku li gor\u00ee bersiva p\u00ea\u015fketina h\u00eaza hilber\u00een\u00ea b\u00fb, hi\u015ft ku burjuwaziya mezin ber\u00ea xwe bidin desthilatdariy\u00ea. Tevgera Term\u00eedor ten\u00ea xalek ji van p\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean b\u00ea g\u00fbman b\u00fb”(r.111). Pi\u015ftre, \u015firoveyeke civak\u00ee ji “Term\u00eedora Stal\u00een\u00ee” re dike \u00fb dib\u00eaje: “Rew\u015fa hilber\u00eena hey\u00ee nikare hem\u00fb ti\u015ft\u00ean p\u00eaw\u00eest ji her kes\u00ee re dab\u00een bike, l\u00ea derfet dide ku taybetmendiy\u00ean mezin dide k\u00eamneteweyan \u00fb newekheviy\u00ea wek\u00ee te\u015fw\u00eeqek ji bo piraniy\u00ea bi kar t\u00eene\u2026 \u00fb bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee Term\u00eedora Sovyet\u00ea bi zelal\u00ee ji me re xuya dike. Xizan\u00ee \u00fb nezan\u00ee, careke din bi rengek\u00ee n\u00fb vedigere, ku serok n\u00fbnertiya w\u00ea dike ku gefa \u00e7ok\u00ea xurt dixwe, l\u00ea burokras\u00ee ku di dema bor\u00ee de\u00a0 b\u00eak\u00ear b\u00fb, l\u00ea ji xizmeguzariya civak\u00ea, veguher\u00ee r\u00eaveberiya w\u00ea”(r.116).<\/p>\n

Her kes\u00ea derbr\u00ea Term\u00eedoran li Fransay\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00een bike, d\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee qonaxek \u015fore\u015fger\u00ee ya ber\u00ea nermb\u00fbna wan, d\u00fbrketina wan ji dogmat\u00eezma hi\u015fk \u00fb tundrewiy\u00ea bib\u00eene. Ev nermb\u00fbn di dema desthilatdariya wan de diyar e dema ku wan hewl da ku rad\u00eekal\u00eezma jakob\u00eenan \u00fb dijminatiya wan a li hember ol \u00fb d\u00ear\u00ea sivik bikin. Wan dest\u00ea dewlet\u00ea li ser aboriy\u00ea, ku jakob\u00eenan li ser biha \u00fb milk\u00ea dewlemendan didan, sist kirin. Wan herwiha Serdema Teror\u00ea \u00fb gilot\u00eena ku Robespierre bi kar dian\u00ee bi daw\u00ee kirin. L\u00eabel\u00ea, ew nekar\u00een monar\u015f\u00eestan, bermahiy\u00ean jakob\u00eenan, an j\u00ee wekhevpar\u00eazan, ku di kr\u00eeza abor\u00ee ya 1795 \u00fb 1796an de pi\u015ftgiriyek civak\u00ee ya gir\u00eeng d\u00eetin, raz\u00ee bikin. L\u00eabel\u00ea, term\u00eedoran red kirin ku bi rastgir an \u00e7epgir\u00ean xwe re li hev bikin. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, wan \u015fer\u00ean derve wek\u00ee r\u00eayek ji kr\u00eeza xwe ya navxwey\u00ee d\u00eetin. Ev b\u00fb sedema h\u00eaza z\u00eade ya le\u015fker\u00ee, ku di dawiy\u00ea de b\u00fb sedema hilwe\u015fandina wan ji h\u00eala Napoleon Bonaparte ve, ku wek\u00ee “rizgarker” ji kaosa pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean \u00e7epgir di bin desthilatdariya navendpar\u00eazan de derket hol\u00ea ku \u00ead\u00ee monar\u015f\u00eest neb\u00fbn. Ji bo ku bikaribe desthilatdariy\u00ea berdewam bike \u00fb bi r\u00eak\u00fbp\u00eak di bin dest\u00ea xwe de bigire.<\/p>\n

L\u00ea berevaj\u00ee doza Fransay\u00ea, dikare were gotin ku \u00e7aren\u00fbsa Stal\u00een ne wek\u00ee ya Term\u00eedoran b\u00fb, her \u00e7end pirt\u00fbka Trotsky w\u00ee ji diyardeyeke potansiyel a bonapart\u00eest ku dikare li Moskoy\u00ea derkeve hol\u00ea \u00fb “desthilatdariya w\u00ee ya term\u00eedor\u00ee” hilwe\u015f\u00eene, hi\u015fyar kirib\u00fb. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, di gulana 1937an de, w\u00ee lez kir ku Mare\u015fal Mikhail Tukhachevsky bigire \u00fb darve bike. Wek\u00ee din, heke Stal\u00een di navbera 1924 \u00fb 1929an de di navbera \u00e7epgir (Trotsky), ku pol\u00eet\u00eekayeke tund a li hember cotkariy\u00ea diparast, \u00fb rastgir (Bukharin), ku nermb\u00fbn \u00fb aboriya bazara azad terc\u00eeh dikir, di t\u00eako\u015f\u00een\u00ean desthilatdariy\u00ea y\u00ean di nav serokatiya Partiya Bol\u015fev\u00eek de navendpar\u00eaz b\u00fbya, w\u00ee Trotsky bi hevalbendiya bi bukharin re dernexistib\u00fb. Ne j\u00ee, pi\u015ft\u00ee ku bukharin ji Pol\u00eetburoy\u00ea di sala 1929an de derxist, bernameya kolekt\u00eefkirina Opoz\u00eesyona \u00c7ep bi c\u00eeh an\u00eeb\u00fb, bi m\u00eelyonan cotkaran ne\u00e7ar kir ku li bajaran bi c\u00eeh bibin \u00fb wan veguher\u00eenin karker\u00ean p\u00ee\u015fesaziy\u00ea. Ew di nakokiy\u00ean hizb\u00ee de nerm b\u00fb l\u00ea di bernameya abor\u00ee de hi\u015fk b\u00fb, \u00fb ew dikar\u00eeb\u00fb wek\u00ee termidoran were hesibandin ji ber ku w\u00ee meyla \u015fore\u015fger\u00ee ya gerd\u00fbn\u00ee ya ku Trotsky di teoriya xwe ya “\u015fore\u015fa da\u00eem\u00ee” de belav dikir, ber bi teoriya “sosyal\u00eezma li yek welat\u00ee” ve terikand. Ev yek ji h\u00eala Trotsky \u00fb herwiha ji h\u00eala serdest\u00ean \u00eengil\u00eestan, Fransa \u00fb Almanya ve, y\u00ean ku ji p\u00eal\u00ean \u015fore\u015f\u00ean ewropay\u00ee y\u00ean pi\u015ft\u00ee \u015fore\u015fa R\u00fbsyay\u00ea ditirsin, wek\u00ee terikandina meyla \u015fore\u015fger\u00ee \u00fb “\u00eexrackirina \u015fore\u015f\u00ea” ji h\u00eala Stal\u00een ve hate d\u00eetin. V\u00ea yek\u00ea serdest\u00ean rastgir \u00ean li Rojava rehet kir \u00fb \u015fore\u015fger\u00ean trotsk\u00eest h\u00ears kir.<\/p>\n

B\u00ea guman, Stal\u00een di sal\u00ean 1930\u00ee de ne wek Len\u00een \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean w\u00ee y\u00ean 1917-1922yan b\u00fb. L\u00ea pragmat\u00eezma Stal\u00een, ku w\u00ee kir “term\u00eedor\u00ee” (an j\u00ee rasttir, real\u00eestek ku hevsengiya h\u00eaz \u00fb berjewendiyan digirt ber \u00e7avan), wek\u00ee ku di peymana w\u00ee ya bi Hitler re di sala 1939an de ji bo d\u00fbrketina ji xetera ku alman \u015fer\u00ea xwe li \u015f\u00fbna Rojava li Rojhilat disekin\u00eenin, \u00eespat dike, ma ne di\u015fibiya pragmat\u00eezma Len\u00een di Peymana Brest-Litovsk\u00ea ya adara 1918an de dema ku w\u00ee dever\u00ean berfireh \u00ean Ukraynay\u00ea di berd\u00eala parastina desthilatdariya bol\u015fev\u00eek de radest\u00ee almanan \u00fb art\u00ea\u015fa wan a p\u00ea\u015fver\u00fb kir? \u00db heta Stal\u00een, ku hem li hundur \u00fb hem j\u00ee li navnetewey\u00ee (London \u00fb Washington) nerm xuya dikir dema ku di \u015fer\u00ea xwe y\u00ea bi Hitler re di navbera sal\u00ean 1941-1945an de p\u00eadiv\u00ee bi wan heb\u00fb, ma ew di serdema pi\u015ft\u00ee destp\u00eakirina \u015eer\u00ea Sar di sala 1947an de bi Rojavaya amer\u00eekay\u00ee-ewropay\u00ee re wek\u00ee \u00e7epgirek tund xuya nedikir?<\/p>\n

L\u00ea teoriya Trotsky ya Term\u00eedora Stal\u00een h\u00een j\u00ee cih\u00ea n\u00eeqa\u015f\u00ea ye. Balk\u00ea\u015f e ku raporek ku li gor\u00ee Qan\u00fbna Agahdariy\u00ea ya amer\u00eekay\u00ee hatiye de\u015f\u00eefrekirin, ku CIA nirxandinek li ser Kongreya 20an a Partiya Komun\u00eest a Yek\u00eetiya Sovyet\u00ea (sibata 1956-an) p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f dike, ku Khrushchev t\u00ea de rapora xwe ya li dij\u00ee kulta kesayetiya Stal\u00een p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f kir, v\u00ea pirs\u00ea derdixe hol\u00ea: “Gelo p\u00eavajoya b\u00ea-stal\u00een\u00eezasyon\u00ea d\u00ea bibe sedema term\u00eedorek an j\u00ee d\u00eektatoriyek le\u015fker\u00ee ya Napolyon?”<\/p>\n

Stal\u00een\u00eest h\u00een j\u00ee serokatiya komun\u00eest\u00ean Sovyet\u00ea ya Nikita Khrushchev a 1953-1964an wek\u00ee d\u00fbrketinek ji xeta “rast” a ku ji h\u00eala Stal\u00een (c\u00eegir\u00ea Len\u00een) ve t\u00ea tems\u00eelkirin, dib\u00eenin. Mao\u00eest ji sala 1978an vir ve, ku Partiya Komun\u00eest a \u00c7\u00een\u00ea ber bi mezintir\u00een veguher\u00eena kap\u00eetal\u00eest a di d\u00eeroka mirovahiy\u00ea de ji \u015eore\u015fa P\u00ee\u015fesaziy\u00ea ya li Br\u00eetanyaya sedsala 18an vir ve bir, n\u00ear\u00eenek di\u015fibin hev, wek\u00ee d\u00fbrketinek ji xeta \u015fore\u015fger a Mao Zedong, ku Deng Xiaoping di dema \u015eore\u015fa \u00c7and\u00ee ya 1966-1969an de girtib\u00fb, dinirx\u00eenin.<\/p>\n

Term\u00eedora di rew\u015fa S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de<\/strong><\/p>\n

Di \u00e7ileya 2021\u00ea de, l\u00eakol\u00eenek ji aliy\u00ea Peymangeha Zan\u00eengeha ewropay\u00ee ve ku ji aliy\u00ea Kom\u00eesyona Ewropay\u00ee ve t\u00ea destekirin \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea budceya Yekitiya Ewropay\u00ea ve t\u00ea f\u00eenansekirin, ku ji aliy\u00ea Jerome Drivon \u00fb Patrick Haenni ve hate niv\u00eesandin, di bin sernav\u00ea: “\u00c7awa c\u00eehad\u00eestb\u00fbna c\u00eehan\u00ee jin\u00fbve t\u00ea jiy\u00een \u00fb ev yek ber bi ku ve di\u00e7e: Rew\u015fa Heyet Tehr\u00eer El-\u015eam, \u015fax\u00ea ber\u00ea y\u00ea r\u00eaxistina El-Qa\u00eede di S\u00fbriyay\u00ea de”.<\/p>\n

Di v\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea de ev nirxandin t\u00ea kirin “Veguher\u00een\u00ean di Heyet Tehr\u00eer El-\u015eam de, diyar dike ku ew bi damezrandina rew\u015fa term\u00eedor\u00ee ve pabend e.. Ku ev yek t\u00ea wateya pa\u015fdevegerandinek ji d\u00eenam\u00eek\u00ean \u015fore\u015fger\u00ee y\u00ean aliyek\u00ee siyas\u00ee (an j\u00ee kesek\u00ee), ku rad\u00eekalb\u00fbn\u00ea qut dike, ne ku bi r\u00eaya w\u00ea li desthilatdariy\u00ea digere, l\u00ea bel\u00ea parastina w\u00ea digere” (r.25). Herwiha di l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea de t\u00ea gotin “\u00c7ar\u00e7oveya siyas\u00ee li Idlib\u00ea ew term\u00eedor\u00ee ye ji gelek aliyan ve, wek\u00ee xelasb\u00fbna ji sihira utopyaya \u015fore\u015fger\u00ee, di demek\u00ea de ku \u015fer\u00ea \u00e7ekdar\u00ee heta demeke ne diyarkir\u00ee hatiye rawestandin (Pi\u015ft\u00ee peymana 5\u00ea adara 2020\u00ee ya di navbera P\u00fbtin \u00fb Erdogan de, ji bo may\u00eendekirina eniy\u00ean \u015fer li par\u00eazgeha Idlib\u00ea), herwiha redkirina utopyay\u00ea di r\u00eabaz\u00ean r\u00eavebirin\u00ea de \u00fb bi xwespartina li ser faktor\u00ean derve, li k\u00ealeka w\u00ea j\u00ee l\u00eager\u00eena li ser bazaran di k\u00ealiy\u00ean zehmet \u00ean kar de”(r.25) \u00fb Eb\u00fb Mihemed El-Colan\u00ee li gor\u00ee v\u00ea d\u00eetin\u00ea, li gel w\u00ee teoriya Term\u00eedor\u00ee heye, ku ew(r\u00eaveberek\u00ee \u00eeslam\u00ee y\u00ea \u015fore\u015fger\u00ee ye) \u00fb ew di rew\u015fek\u00ea de ye ku nikare armanc\u00ean xwe ten\u00ea bi r\u00eaya xebat\u00ean \u015fore\u015fger\u00ee p\u00eak b\u00eene, l\u00ea bel\u00ea bi r\u00eaya faktor\u00ean derve p\u00eak b\u00eene, ev yek j\u00ee dih\u00eale ku siyaseta (bi\u015fop\u00eene \u00fb li bend\u00ea be) p\u00eak b\u00eene, ku ev yek di r\u00eageza nermb\u00fbn \u00fb xwespartina li ser h\u00eaz\u00ean derve de, diyar dibe”(r.28).<\/p>\n

Bi r\u00eaya v\u00ea perspekt\u00eefa term\u00eedor\u00ee ya rew\u015fa Heyet Tahr\u00eer El-\u015eam li Idlib\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee 5\u00ea adara 2020\u00ee, l\u00eakol\u00een \u00eedia dike ku ev kom “guhertoyek selef\u00eest a siviktir” e (r. 32) \u00fb ku “veguher\u00eena term\u00eedor\u00ee ya Hayat Tahr\u00eer El-\u015eam derfetek peyda kir ku ew pirsgir\u00eaka ku wek\u00ee r\u00eaxistinek c\u00eehad\u00eest a tundrew a ber\u00ea derxist hol\u00ea \u00e7areser bike” (r. 31). Wek\u00ee din, “ji v\u00ea perspekt\u00eef\u00ea, Idlib dikare wek\u00ee modelek n\u00fb ji bo hilwe\u015fandina (an j\u00ee b\u00eabernamekirina) ajanday\u00ean rad\u00eekal \u00fb gerd\u00fbn\u00ee y\u00ean c\u00eehad\u00eezma selef\u00eest were hesibandin” (r. 27), \u00fb “Heyet Tahr\u00eer El-\u015eam n\u00ee\u015fan dide ku ew ten\u00ea saz\u00ee ye ku dikare stratejiyek le\u015fker\u00ee p\u00ea\u015f bixe \u00fb bi c\u00eeh b\u00eene da ku li dij\u00ee c\u00eehada gerd\u00fbn\u00ee, di nav de bermahiy\u00ean tor\u00ean El-Qa\u00eede \u00fb DAI\u015e\u00ea, \u015fer bike” (r. 31).<\/p>\n

Li vir, l\u00eakol\u00een p\u00ea\u015fniyar dike ku ev v\u00eezyona n\u00fb ya rojavay\u00ee ya r\u00eaxistinek ku gir\u00eaday\u00ee tevgera selef\u00ee-c\u00eehad\u00ee ye, ji fonksiyonek ku Rojava (li gor\u00ee \u00e7avkaniya niv\u00ees\u00ea ewropay\u00ee \u00fb b\u00ea guman amer\u00eekay\u00ee) j\u00ea dixwaze t\u00ea: “Ten\u00ea r\u00eaya l\u00eadana c\u00eehada gerd\u00fbn\u00ee ew e ku meriv xwe bisp\u00eare h\u00eaz\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ee” (r. 31), \u00fb ne “li ser \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ean d\u00fbr-menz\u00eel” (r. 31), wek\u00ee y\u00ean ku bi dronan, an j\u00ee bi r\u00eaya “stratejiya dij\u00ee-teror\u00ea” t\u00eane kirin, ku “t\u00eak di\u00e7e” (r. 32). L\u00eakol\u00een bi b\u00eer t\u00eene \u00fb destn\u00ee\u015fan dike ku \u00ear\u00ee\u015fa Heyet Tehr\u00eer El-\u015eam \u00fb jihol\u00earakirina Huras El-D\u00een di hav\u00eena 2020an de – endam\u00ean Cebhet El-Nusra ku di 2016an de red kirin ku t\u00eakiliy\u00ean xwe bi El-Qa\u00eedey\u00ea re qut bikin – rew\u015fek \u00e7\u00eakir “ku ji ber l\u00eager\u00eena hegemonyay\u00ea ya Heyet Tehr\u00eer El-\u015eam derket hol\u00ea \u00fb ji bo cara yekem di neh salan de, El-Qa\u00eede ji her heb\u00fbnek gir\u00eeng li ser axa S\u00fbriyay\u00ea b\u00eapar kir” (r. 1).<\/p>\n

Di dawiy\u00ea de, l\u00eakol\u00een digih\u00eeje v\u00ea encam\u00ea: “Heyat Tahr\u00eer El-\u015eam, di pey armanc\u00ean xwe de, di rastiy\u00ea de di gelek aliyan de li gor\u00ee berjewendiy\u00ean Rojavay\u00ee ye” (r. 31), li ser bingeha gotina ku “\u015fiyana dan\u00fbstandin \u00fb \u00e7\u00eakirina peyman\u00ean siyas\u00ee \u00e7areseriyek prat\u00eek\u00ee ye bi r\u00eaxistin\u00ean ku welat\u00ean Rojavay\u00ee nikarin ji hol\u00ea rakin \u00fb tevgera Tal\u00eeban\u00ea m\u00eenakek v\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea ye” (r. 32), ji ber ku Amer\u00eeka di 29\u00ea sibata 2020\u00ee de li Dohay\u00ea peymanek p\u00ea re \u00eemze kirib\u00fb \u00fb d\u00fbv re Amer\u00eeka di 15\u00ea tebaxa 2021\u00ea de \u00e7av\u00ea xwe ji kontrola Tal\u00eeban\u00ea ya paytexta Afganistan\u00ea, Kab\u00eel\u00ea, girt, tev\u00ee ku ji sala 2001\u00ea vir ve \u015fer\u00ea w\u00ea dike.<\/p>\n

Bi rast\u00ee, niv\u00eeskar\u00ea van r\u00eazan, her \u00e7end w\u00ee di l\u00eakol\u00eena xwe ya bi sernav\u00ea “Opoz\u00eesyona \u00ceslam\u00ee ya \u00c7ekdar a S\u00fbriyay\u00ea” ya ku di 5\/8\/2024an de di Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan de hatiye we\u015fandin, ji bo ravekirina rew\u015fa qeb\u00fblkirina rola Heyet Tehr\u00eer El-\u015eam li \u00cedlib\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea Rojava, Amer\u00eeka-Ewropay\u00ea ve, l\u00eakol\u00eena ku ji aliy\u00ea Enst\u00eetuya Zan\u00eengeha Ewropay\u00ea ve di sala 2021\u00ea de hatiye we\u015fandin, \u00ee\u015faret kiriye j\u00ee, dixwaze qeb\u00fbl bike ku ew niha d\u00eesa ser\u00ee li l\u00eakol\u00eena jor\u00een dide da ku hewl bide sedeman, an j\u00ee hin ji sedem\u00ean qeb\u00fblkirina rew\u015fa Heyet Tehr\u00eer El-\u015eam li \u015eam\u00ea pi\u015ft\u00ee 8\u00ea kan\u00fbna p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a 2024an, ku ev mijar h\u00een j\u00ee ji bo piraniya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea, \u00e7i dijber bin, \u00e7i dilsoz bin, \u00e7i j\u00ee b\u00eaal\u00ee bin li hember desthilatdariya n\u00fb ya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea \u00fb herwiha li hember aliy\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ee \u00fb navnetewey\u00ee, rave bike. Niv\u00eeskar\u00ea van r\u00eazan naxwaze bersivek an j\u00ee bersivan bide, l\u00ea bel\u00ea dixwaze bi r\u00eaya v\u00ea niv\u00ees\u00ea n\u00eaz\u00eek\u00ee sedem\u00ean v\u00ea qeb\u00fblkirin\u00ea bibe \u00fb di ser\u00ee de pirsek vekir\u00ee p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f bike an j\u00ee bipirse da ku rave bike ka \u00e7i di 8\u00ea kan\u00fbna p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a 2024an de qewim\u00ee, ku b\u00fbyerek gir\u00eeng e \u00fb dibe ku ji 17\u00ea n\u00eesana 1946an vir ve ya her\u00ee gir\u00eeng e. Niv\u00eeskar naxwaze l\u00eakol\u00een bike ka n\u00ear\u00eena rojava ya li ser desthilatdariya n\u00fb ya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea heta \u00e7i radey\u00ea bi rastiyan re lihevhat\u00ee ye an j\u00ee bi wan re nelihevhat\u00ee ye (Henry Kissinger dib\u00eaje: “Dost an dijmin\u00ean da\u00eem\u00ee tunene, ten\u00ea berjewendiy\u00ean da\u00eem\u00ee hene”), l\u00ea bel\u00ea dixwaze xwe bi l\u00eakol\u00eena n\u00eaz\u00eekatiyek\u00ea ji bo d\u00eetina sedem\u00ean w\u00ea n\u00ear\u00een\u00ea di nav \u00e7ember\u00ean \u00e7\u00eakirina siyaset\u00ea y\u00ean s\u00eago\u015feya Amer\u00eeka – Br\u00eetanya – Yek\u00eetiya Ewropay\u00ea de s\u00eenordar bike, n\u00ear\u00eenek ku bi zelal\u00ee qeb\u00fblkirina desthilatdariya n\u00fb ya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea di sala w\u00ea ya yekem de li \u015eam\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan dide.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mihemed Seyid Risas Made bi ereb\u00ee j\u00ee heye \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 Di sala 1936an de, Leon Trotsky pirt\u00fbka xwe ya bi nav\u00ea “The Betrayed Revolution: Rexne li tecrubeya stal\u00een\u00eest “we\u015fand ku t\u00ea de rew\u015fa Yekitiya Sovyet\u00ea, dinirx\u00eene. Trotsky d\u00eet ku “\u00e7\u00eeneke n\u00fb ji desthilatdaran heye ku dixwaze xwe ji r\u00eagez\u00ean kevn xelas bike \u00fb gel bi\u015fop\u00eene \u00fb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14203,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,59],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[191],"class_list":["post-14202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-manshet","category-nirxandin"],"yoast_head":"\nRew\u015fa Term\u00eedor.. Nirxandinek li ser n\u00ear\u00eena rojava ji desthilatdariya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ya n\u00fb re - Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nlka.net\/ku\/1-147\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rew\u015fa Term\u00eedor.. Nirxandinek li ser n\u00ear\u00eena rojava ji desthilatdariya S\u00fbriyay\u00ea ya n\u00fb re - Navenda Kurd\u00ee ya L\u00eakol\u00eenan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mihemed Seyid Risas Made bi ereb\u00ee j\u00ee heye \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 Di sala 1936an de, Leon Trotsky pirt\u00fbka xwe ya bi nav\u00ea “The Betrayed Revolution: Rexne li tecrubeya stal\u00een\u00eest “we\u015fand ku t\u00ea de rew\u015fa Yekitiya Sovyet\u00ea, dinirx\u00eene. 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